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Chronic kidney disease patients have impaired health-related quality of life and an increased risk of hyperkalaemia.

The objective was to evaluate the impact of hyperkalaemia on health-related quality of life, and investigate lifestyle change recommendations, in these patients.

The Adelphi Real World Chronic Kidney Disease Specific Programme™ was used. Data were collected from physicians and patients with non-dialysis dependent stage 3a, 3b and 4 chronic kidney disease from the US, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, the UK and China. Patients completed the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument and EuroQol-5D-3L. Analyses compared data between hyperkalaemic (serum potassium >5.0mmol/L) and normokalaemic (serum potassium 3.5-5.0mmol/L) patients.

Overall, 1149 patients were included (hyperkalaemic n=216, normokalaemic n=933; US n=376, Europe n=490, China n=283). Hyperkalaemic vs normokalaemic patients experienced more symptoms (P<.001) and had numerically lower scores, indicating poorer health-rela these patients could improve patient outcomes.

Issues related to life and death are largely influenced by the culture and religious beliefs of a society. This research aimed to survey a sample of oncology nurses in Saudi Arabia about their attitude towards the do not resuscitate order (DNR).

A cross-sectional design was employed. A survey was sent to 190 nurses in the Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC). A total of 157 nurses with a diploma or higher degree agreed to participate in the study.

Many nurses showed a neutral attitude regarding DNR to cancer patients and/or their families 2.4±0.4. Moreover, the results of the multiple logistic regression tests revealed that all the listed factors are not associated with the attitude towards DNR orders (P>.05).

It is generally believed that nurses the faith and background of nurses from Muslim countries has a profound influence on their attitude towards DNR. However, this was not the picture that was revealed by the results of this study. In this study, all the nurses made it clear that they wanted to know about the autonomy of patients in respect of DNR orders.

It is necessary to develop programmes that address the DNR order and respect patient autonomy and rights. Moreover, hospital policies that address the issues of DNR order are required for all end-of-life care.

It is necessary to develop programmes that address the DNR order and respect patient autonomy and rights. Moreover, hospital policies that address the issues of DNR order are required for all end-of-life care.

Although diffusely abnormal white matter (DAWM) is commonly seen in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is rarely considered in clinical/imaging studies.

To evaluate quantitative markers of microstructural changes in DAWM of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) in relation to MS lesions and degree of neurocognitive impairment, by using a multi-echo spin echo (MESE) Proton Density PD-to-T2 sequence.

Prospective, cross-sectional.

Thirty-seven RR-MS patients, 33 CIS patients, and 52 healthy controls.

1.5 T/T1-, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and MESE sequences.

Long T2, short T2, and myelin water fraction (MWF) values were estimated as indices of intra/extracellular water content and myelin content, respectively, in DAWM, posterior periventricular normal appearing white matter (NAWM), and focal MS lesions, classified according to their signal intensity on T1 sequences. Patients were, also, administered a battery of neuropsychological tests.

Comparisons of T2 and MWF values in DAWM, NAWM, and MS lesions were examined, using two-way mixed analyses of variance. Associations of Grooved Pegboard performance with T2 and MWF values in DAWM and NAWM were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients.

T2 and MWF values of DAWM were intermediate between the respective values of NAWM and T1 hypointense focal lesions, while there was no difference between the respective values of DAWM and T1-isointense lesions. T2 values in DAWM were strongly associated with visuomotor performance in CIS patients.

Intra/extracellular water and myelin water content of DAWM are similar to those of T1-isointense lesions and predict visuomotor performance in CIS patients.

2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.

2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of showing images of the foetus to the pregnant women with the virtual reality glass during labour process on labour pain, childbirth perception and anxiety level.

Virtual reality is an effective and inexpensive method that allows the creation of simulated scenarios in which it interacts with the virtual environment with multisensory stimuli.

This is a randomised controlled experimental study. This study was conducted with the guidelines of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). The study was enrolled in the Clinical Trials database (NCT04664114).

The study included 100 pregnant women (50 intervention group and 50 control group). Ultrasound images of the foetus were recorded on the 28th week of pregnancy of the women in the intervention group. These images were shown to the women with the virtual reality glass during labour process. Routine procedures were carried out for the women in the control group. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was a for the mother's and baby's health. Therefore, it is important that nurses and midwives, who spend the most time with women and provide the most support, reduce the pain and anxiety of the woman with nonpharmacological practices and make them feel positive feelings about delivery.

Depression among older adults is a frequent and underdiagnosed condition. learn more However, there is a paucity of research on mental health problems among elderly people in Arab countries. The purpose of this study was to describe the risk of depression among a representative sample of older Lebanese adults living in rural areas and to identify gender-specific factors associated with depression risk.

This study included a randomly selected sample of 823 rural elderly people aged ≥65 years without cognitive decline. Data, including sociodemographic characteristics, living condition, health and functional status, were collected during face-to-face interviews. Depression was assessed by the five-item Geriatric Depression Scale.

Risk for depression was significantly higher in women than in men (39.5% vs 26.2%, P< 0.001). Among men, reporting a higher versus a lower income (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.299) and being physically active significantly decreased the odds of depressive symptoms. In addition, physical disability (AOR=3.03) and a high level of loneliness (AOR=41.76) were significantly related to an increased risk of depression. Among women, daily or occasional physical activity was related to a reduced risk of depression compared to sedentary lifestyles (AOR=0.35; AOR=0.50). Furthermore digestive symptoms (AOR=1.98), poor nutritional status (AOR=1.99), and strong feelings of loneliness (AOR=10.86) were significantly related to an increased odds of depression.

Elderly Lebanese people, especially women, were at high risk for depression. Among other gender-specific factors, loneliness was strongly associated with depressive disorders in both genders, with a four times greater odds ratio in men than in women.

Elderly Lebanese people, especially women, were at high risk for depression. Among other gender-specific factors, loneliness was strongly associated with depressive disorders in both genders, with a four times greater odds ratio in men than in women.

Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM-MRI) is a validated measure of neuromelanin concentration in the substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area (SN-VTA) complex and is a proxy measure of dopaminergic function with potential as a noninvasive biomarker. The development of generalizable biomarkers requires large-scale samples necessitating harmonization approaches to combine data collected across sites.

To develop a method to harmonize NM-MRI across scanners and sites.

Prospective.

A total of 128 healthy subjects (18-73 years old; 45% female) from three sites and five MRI scanners.

3.0 T; NM-MRI two-dimensional gradient-recalled echo with magnetization-transfer pulse and three-dimensional T1-weighted images.

NM-MRI contrast (contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) maps were calculated and CNR values within the SN-VTA (defined previously by manual tracing on a standardized NM-MRI template) were determined before harmonization (raw CNR) and after ComBat harmonization (harmonized CNR). Scanner difL EFFICACY 1.

2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY 1.

We aimed to determine the factors that determine the conditions in cases of invagination with spontaneous reduction.

Study was conducted retrospectively in the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED) of the tertiary University Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Invagination cases admitted between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019 were included in the study. Patient information (demographic data such as age, gender, physical examination findings, laboratory and imaging methods, treatment and follow-up) were recorded on the data form prepared by the researchers before the study, using patient files and hospital patient information system. Data were analysed with IBM SPSS V23.

During the study period, the number of cases who applied to the PED was 33,849 and 74 of these cases were diagnosed with invagination. In the cases diagnosed with invagination, 69 (93%) of them spontaneously reduced during the follow-up. Among all cases, the male sex ratio was 56.5% (39/69). The average age was 44.6months (minimum 6; maxid USG follow-up in paediatric emergency services. Spontaneous reduction frequently develops in cases of intussusception with small bowel localisation and short bowel segment (less than 3 cm).

To explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between social frailty (SF) and incident depressive symptoms in a Chinese population.

SF was measured with 6 questions (6 points maximum; 0-1=non-SF, 2-3=pre-SF, 4-6=SF). Depressive symptoms were defined as a score of ≥6 on the Geriatric Depression Scale. Compared to baseline, participants with a ≥2-point increase in the Geriatric Depression Scale score were considered to have worsening depressive symptoms.

At baseline, among 1764 participants, 9.9% (n=175) had depressive symptoms, 3.6% (n=61) were SF, and 38.2% (n=650) were pre-SF. The percentage of depressive symptoms increased with SF status from 5.1% (non-SF) to 12.9% (pre-SF), to 41.0% (SF). In cross-sectional analysis, after adjustments for multiple covariates, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with both pre-SF (odds ratio (OR)=2.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.01-4.32) and SF (OR=16.70, 95% CI 8.80-31.71). During the 3-year follow-up period, 10.0% (n=117) of the participants developed depressive symptoms. In longitudinal analyses, after multiple adjustments, SF and pre-SF were associated with a 2.31-fold (95% CI 1.10-4.88) and 1.58-fold (95% CI 1.05-2.38) increased risk of incidence of depressive symptoms, respectively. Among participants without depressive symptoms at baseline, 23.2% had worsening depressive symptoms, and SF was associated with increased risk of worsening depressive symptoms (OR=2.07, 95% CI 1.18-3.65).

Our findings suggested that SF may be a predictor of depression among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. In addition, in elders with no depressive symptoms at baseline, those with SF had greater odds of worsening depressive symptoms 3 years later.

Our findings suggested that SF may be a predictor of depression among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. In addition, in elders with no depressive symptoms at baseline, those with SF had greater odds of worsening depressive symptoms 3 years later.