Steenthorup7740

After matching, the outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups ICU mortality was 5.2% in 2019 and 8.5% in 2020, p = 0.248, while intrahospital mortality was 10.9% in 2019 and 14.2% in 2020, p = 0.378. The median ICU length of stay was similar in 2019 4days (IQR 2-6) compared to 2020 4days (IQR 2-7), p = 0.196. The rate of ICU readmission was 15.6% in 2019 and 10.9% in 2020, p = 0.344.

In this retrospective single center study, mortality, ICU length of stay, and rate of ICU readmission did not differ significantly between patients admitted to the ICU during the implementation of hospital-wide COVID-19 contingency planning and patients admitted to the ICU before the pandemic.

In this retrospective single center study, mortality, ICU length of stay, and rate of ICU readmission did not differ significantly between patients admitted to the ICU during the implementation of hospital-wide COVID-19 contingency planning and patients admitted to the ICU before the pandemic.

As aconsequence of improved survival rates after burn injury occupational reintegration of burn survivors has gained increasing significance. We aimed to develop aprecise patient questionnaire as atool to evaluate factors contributing to occupational reintegration.

Aquestionnaire comprising 20questions specifically evaluating occupational reintegration was developed under psychological supervision. The single-center questionnaire study was implemented in patients with burn injuries who were admitted to the 6‑bed burn intensive care unit (BICU) of the General Hospital of Vienna, Austria (2004-2013). The questionnaire was sent to burn survivors of working age (18-60years) with an abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) of 6or greater, atotal burn surface area (TBSA) of 15% or greater, and aBICU stay of at least 24 h.

A total of 112 burn survivors met the inclusion criteria and were contacted by mail. Of the 112 patients 11 (10%) decided to participate in the study and 218/220 questions (99%) in 11patients were answered. Out of 11 patients 7 (64%) reported successful return to work and 4of 11(36%) did not resume their occupation. Advanced age, longer BICU and hospital stays, higher TBSA, burn at work, lower education, and problems with esthetic appearance seemed to impair patients' return to their occupation.

When implementing the questionnaire, severely burned patients with higher age, lower education, and longer hospital and BICU stay seemed at high risk for failed reintegration in their profession after burn injury.

When implementing the questionnaire, severely burned patients with higher age, lower education, and longer hospital and BICU stay seemed at high risk for failed reintegration in their profession after burn injury.

Hereditary pancreatitis is rare. Pain therapy for juvenile symptom onset, child development and the risk of pancreatic carcinoma in adulthood must be considered.

Data from acohort of 11 patients with disease onset in childhood (< 16years) were analyzed retrospectively. The gene encoding cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1), serine protease inhibitor Kazal type1 (SPINK1) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) genes were investigated as genetic factors. Treatment concept and complications were registered. Prognosis, treatment success and quality of life were objectified using the chronic pancreatitis prognosis score and astandardized questionnaire (KIDSCREEN-10 index).

The mean age of symptom onset was 7.5 ±4.2years. The PRSS1 and SPINK1 mutations each occurred with 36.4%, 3 patients had apancreas divisum and 2 along common channel. The course of pancreatitis was obstructive in 90.9%. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency occurred in seven patients so far (mean age 12.5years). Stenting was erdisciplinary cooperation. We found the step-up strategy to be a good option for pain therapy. A national registry monitored by scientific societies with active recruitment for screening examinations will further improve and ensure care in the long term.

Immobilization of the cervical spine is astandard procedure in emergency medicine mostly achieved via a cervical collar. In the emergency room other forms of immobilization are utilized as cervical collars have certain drawbacks. The present study aimed to provide preliminary data on the efficiency of immobilization in the emergency room by analyzing the residual spinal motion of the patient's head on different kinds of head rests.

In the present study biomechanical motion data of the cervical spine of atest subject were analyzed. The test subject was placed in asupine position on amobile stretcher (Stryker M1 Roll-In System, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) wearing acervical collar (Perfit ACE, Ballerup, Denmark). Three different head rests were tested standard pillow, concave pillow and cavity pillow. The test subject carried out apredetermined motion protocol right side inclination, left side inclination, flexion and extension. The residual spinal motion was recorded with wireless motion trackers (inertial measurem. The results of the present study suggest that trauma patients can be immobilized in the early trauma phase with acervical collar and ahead rest. The application of acervical collar and the positioning on the concave pillow may achieve agood immobilization of the cervical spine in trauma patients in the early trauma phase.

The motion score of the cervical spine using motion sensors can provide important information for future analyses. The results of the present study suggest that trauma patients can be immobilized in the early trauma phase with a cervical collar and a head rest. The application of a cervical collar and the positioning on the concave pillow may achieve a good immobilization of the cervical spine in trauma patients in the early trauma phase.

A sharp rise in COVID-19 infections threatened to lead to alocal overload of intensive care units in autumn 2020. To prevent this scenario anationwide relocation concept was developed.

For the development of the concept publicly available infection rates of the leading infection authority in Germany were used. Within this concept six medical care regions (clusters) were designed around acenter of maximum intensive care (ECMO option) based on the number of intensive care beds per 100,000 inhabitants. The concept describes the management structure including astructural chart, the individual tasks, the organization and the cluster assignment of the clinics. The transfers of intensive care patients within and between the clusters were recorded from 11 December 2020 to 31 January 2021.

In Germany and Baden-Württemberg, 1.5% of patients newly infected with SARS-CoV‑2 required intensive care treatment in mid-December 2020. With a7-day incidence of 192 new infections in Germany, the hospitalization rate was 10%rts carried out, it was possible to effectively prevent the overload of individual clinics with COVID-19 patients in Baden-Württemberg. Due to that an almost unchanged number of patients requiring regular intensive care could be treated.Immune checkpoint inhibitors against PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 have altered the treatment paradigm for various types of cancers in the past decade. However, they offer clinical benefits to only a subset of patients. Evaluation and identification of an appropriate therapeutic approach to improve intratumoral immune status are needed for better treatment outcomes. We previously demonstrated that intratumoral expression of IL-7 and IL-12 increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in poorly immunogenic tumors, resulting in a higher tumor regression rate than IL-12 alone. However, the mechanism underlying the difference in efficacy with and without IL-7 remains unclear. Here, we identified a previously unknown effect of IL-7 on the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, which is induced in the presence of IL-12. While IL-7 alone increased the diversity of intratumoral CD8+ T cells, IL-7 with IL-12 increased a limited number of high-frequency clones, conversely augmenting IL-12 function to increase the clonality. The proportion of mice with multiple high-frequency clones in tumors correlated with that achieving complete tumor regression in efficacy studies. These findings provide a scientific rationale for combining IL-7 and IL-12 in anticancer immunotherapy and unveil a novel IL-7 function on intratumoral TCR repertoire.

Cannabidiol (CBD) reduces craving in animal models of alcohol and cocaine use and is known to modulate nicotinic receptor function, suggesting that it may alleviate symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. However, preclinical evaluation of its efficacy is still lacking.

The goal of this study was to test the preclinical efficacy of a chronic CBD treatment in reducing nicotine dependence using measures of withdrawal symptoms including somatic signs, hyperalgesia, and weight gain during acute and protracted abstinence.

Male and female Wistar rats were made dependent on nicotine using osmotic minipumps (3.15mg/kg/day) for 2weeks, after which minipumps were removed to induce spontaneous withdrawal. Three groups received CBD injections at doses of 7.5, 15, and 30mg/kg/day for 2weeks, starting 1week into chronic nicotine infusion. The control groups included rats with nicotine minipumps that received vehicle injections of sesame oil instead of CBD; rats implanted with saline minipumps received sesame oil injections (double vehicle) or the highest dose of CBD 30mg/kg/day. Throughout the experiment, serum was collected for determination of CBD and nicotine concentrations, mechanical sensitivity threshold and withdrawal scores were measured, and body weight was recorded.

CBD prevented rats from exhibiting somatic signs of withdrawal and hyperalgesia during acute and protracted abstinence. There was no dose-response observed for CBD, suggesting a ceiling effect at the doses used and the potential for lower effective doses of CBD. The saline minipump group did not show either somatic signs of withdrawal or hyperalgesia during acute and protracted abstinence, and the highest dose of CBD used (30mg/kg/day) did not alter these results.

This preclinical study suggests that using CBD as a strategy to alleviate the withdrawal symptoms upon nicotine cessation may be beneficial.

This preclinical study suggests that using CBD as a strategy to alleviate the withdrawal symptoms upon nicotine cessation may be beneficial.To compare FDG-PET/unenhanced MRI and FDG-PET/diagnostic CT in detecting infiltration in patients with newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The endpoint was equivalence between PET/MRI and PET/CT in correctly defining the revised Ann Arbor staging system. Seventy consecutive patients with classical-HL were prospectively investigated for nodal and extra-nodal involvement during pretreatment staging with same-day PET/CT and PET/MRI. Findings indicative of malignancy with the imaging procedures were regarded as lymphoma infiltration; in case of discrepancy, positive-biopsy and/or response to treatment were evidenced as lymphoma. Sixty of the 70 (86%) patients were evaluable having completed the staging program. NSC639966 Disease staging based on either PET/MRI or PET/CT was correct for 54 of the 60 patients (90% vs. 90%), with difference between proportions of 0.0 (95% CI, -9 to 9%; P=0.034 for the equivalence test). As compared with reference standard, invasion of lymph nodes was identified with PET/MRI in 100% and with PET/CT in 100%, of the spleen with PET/MRI in 66% and PET/CT in 55%, of the lung with PET/MRI in 60% and PET/CT in 100%, of the liver with PET/MRI in 67% and PET/CT in 100%, and of the bone with PET/MRI in 100% and PET/CT in 50%.