Steensenbossen0103

Patients with nodular-bronchiectatic MAC lung disease have dysregulated adaptive immunity with defective IL-17 and IFN-γ production, and IL-10 overproduction. This suggests a role for adjunctive immunomodulatory treatments. https//bit.ly/33AALwx.

CompEx Asthma, a novel composite end-point combining severe exacerbations (SevEx) with asthma-worsening events, was recently developed. Further characterisation of CompEx Asthma is needed to illustrate the applicability of this end-point. The objective was to evaluate CompEx Asthma as a rate end-point to determine how seasonal and geographical factors impact this novel outcome.

Seven 24-56-week randomised controlled trials of budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FORM) and benralizumab were analysed. Annualised event rates (AERs) and treatment effects (hazard ratio (HR)) were analysed with Poisson and Andersen-Gill models, respectively. Seasonality was analysed by month and five geographical regions were evaluated.

The studies included 10 815 patients (63% female, mean age 42-49 years). CompEx Asthma AER mirrored seasonal variations in SevEx AER. CompEx Asthma AERs were higher

SevEx in BUD/FORM and benralizumab trials (range 2.7-4.5-fold and 1.3-2.0-fold increase, respectively) and were less variable

SevEx between regions (ratios of greatestsmallest AERs 1.36 for CompEx

2.28 for SevEx (BUD/FORM); 1.81 for CompEx

2.22 for SevEx (benralizumab)). Treatment effects for CompEx Asthma and SevEx were generally similar across regions and months. However, in Eastern Europe, where SevEx rates were lowest, treatment effect was greater with CompEx Asthma

SevEx, reaching statistical significance in the benralizumab studies (HR (95% CI) 0.67 (0.53-0.85)

0.87 (0.65-1.15)).

This study confirmed the reliability of CompEx Asthma as a rate end-point and allowed detection of variations in seasonal SevEx rates, reduction of variation in rates across regions and potential greater sensitivity to treatment effects.

This study confirmed the reliability of CompEx Asthma as a rate end-point and allowed detection of variations in seasonal SevEx rates, reduction of variation in rates across regions and potential greater sensitivity to treatment effects.Impedance pneumography enables the measurement of the expiratory variability index (EVI) at home during a night's sleep in infants with recurrent respiratory symptoms. EVI is associated with asthma risk, symptoms and lung function. https//bit.ly/2PF2cx8.Once overlooked, awareness of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is rapidly rising, in line with increasing prevalence worldwide. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress 2019, held in Madrid, Spain, provided a platform for invigorating discussions and exciting new research in the field. This article explores approaches being taken to combat NTM-PD with a focus not only on novel prevalence and risk factor data, but also on emerging antimicrobials and their routes of delivery, and other potential treatment options in early clinical development.

OligoG is a low molecular-weight alginate oligosaccharide that improves the viscoelastic properties of cystic fibrosis (CF) mucus and disrupts biofilms, thereby potentiating the activity of antimicrobial agents. The efficacy of inhaled OligoG was evaluated in adult patients with CF.

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre crossover study was used to demonstrate safety and efficacy of inhaled dry powder OligoG. Vorinostat Subjects were randomly allocated to receive OligoG 1050 mg per day (10 capsules three times daily) or matching placebo for 28 days, with 28-day washout periods following each treatment period. The primary end-point was absolute change in percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV

) at the end of 28-day treatment. The intention-to-treat (ITT) population (n=65) was defined as randomised to treatment with at least one administration of study medication and post-dosing evaluation.

In this study, 90 adult subjects were screened and 65 were randomised. Statistically sion are justified.A workshop entitled "Stem Cells, Cell Therapies and Bioengineering in Lung Biology and Diseases" was hosted by the University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine in collaboration with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the Alpha-1 Foundation, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy and the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation. The event was held from July 15 to 18, 2019 at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont. The objectives of the conference were to review and discuss the current status of the following active areas of research 1) technological advancements in the analysis and visualisation of lung stem and progenitor cells; 2) evaluation of lung stem and progenitor cells in the context of their interactions with the niche; 3) progress toward the application and delivery of stem and progenitor cells for the treatment of lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis; 4) progress in induced pluripotent stem cell models and application for disease modelling; and 5) the emerging roles of cell therapy and extracellular vesicles in immunomodulation of the lung. This selection of topics represents some of the most dynamic research areas in which incredible progress continues to be made. The workshop also included active discussion on the regulation and commercialisation of regenerative medicine products and concluded with an open discussion to set priorities and recommendations for future research directions in basic and translation lung biology.Significant haemoptysis is a frightening event for patients and clinicians alike. There is a paucity of contemporary literature on the subject. A retrospective analysis of hospitalisations for haemoptysis of more than 50 mL·day-1 in a tertiary referral centre during a 5-year period was performed. Patient's characteristics, haemoptysis aetiology, management and outcome were individually recorded. The aim of this study was to detail the causes of moderate (50-200 mL·day-1) to severe (>200 mL·day-1) haemoptysis along with the diagnostic measures and treatment options used in their management in a 21st century, tertiary-care North American centre. A total of 165 hospitalisations for moderate-to-severe haemoptysis were included in the analysis. Lung cancer (30.3%) and bronchiectasis (27.9%) proved to be most frequent aetiologies. Computed tomography (CT) imaging and bronchoscopy were complementary in identifying the source of bleeding. Bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) was the most common treatment approach (61.