Spearspierce1813

OBJECTIVE To compare the chest CT patterns of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and infections within 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in pediatric recipients to help hematologist make definitive diagnosis as early as possible. METHODS A total of 143 pediatric recipients from January 2015 to June 2019 who were diagnosed pulmonary aGVHD or infections within 100 days after allo-HSCT were enrolled in this study. Two observers evaluated the extent and distribution (unilateral, bilateral) of the CT patterns. The patterns were then classified as ground-glass opacity (GGO) (localized, patchy, diffuse), consolidation (localized, patchy, diffuse), reticulation (localized, patchy, diffuse), nodules (localized, multiple), bronchiectasis, pleural effusion, air trapping, tree-in-bud sign, and pneumomediastinum. The onset time and radiological patterns of the two cohorts were statistically compared. RESULTS The mean onset time of aGVHD (n = 85) and infections group (viral ld be aware of such radiological differences in order to give accurate treatment. Notably, definite diagnosis should be made in combination with clinical manifestations, signs, and laboratory tests. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.In this study, a Pt(IV) complex with 3'-methyl-4-thio-1H-tetrahydropyranspiro-5'-hydantoin (complex 1) was synthesized. The structure was determined via elemental analyses, infrared, 1 H, and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Density functional theory calculations were applied to optimize the molecular geometry and to calculate structural parameters and vibrational frequencies. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized complex 1 was assessed against K-562 and REH cells and compared with the cytotoxic effects of the ligand (L) and its Pd(IV) complex (complex 2). Complex 1 exhibited a better cytotoxic activity (IC50  = 76.9 µM against K-562 and 15.6 µM against REH cells) than L and complex 2, which was closer to the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin (IC50  = 36.9 μM and 1.07 μM against K-562 and REH cells, respectively), as compared with the ligand and complex 2. L and its complexes 1 and 2 were evaluated for inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase (XO) in vitro, as compared with allopurinol (IC50  = 1.70 μM). Complex 1 was shown as a potent XO inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 19.33 μM, and the binding mode with the enzyme was predicted by molecular docking. Its inhibitory activity against XO is a potential advantage that might result in improved profile and anticancer activity. © 2020 Deutsche Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft.AIMS To analyse days absent from work related to individual microvascular, macrovascular, and other complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify key drivers of absence. MATERIALS AND METHODS National health and socioeconomic individual-level data were analysed for years 1997-2016 for people with T2D, and 51 age-, sex-, and residential region matched controls using Swedish national administrative registers linkage-based on personal identity numbers. Regression analyses accounting for individual-level clustering and education were estimated to obtain days absent by individual complications. Alternative specifications were explored for robustness and comparison e.g. workforce indicator and age subgroups. RESULTS A total of 413 000 people with T2D less then 66 years with 4.9 million person-years was included. Crude proportion with any absence was higher among T2D compared to controls (47% vs 26%) in index-year; and median (IQR) number of days was higher [223 (77;359) vs 196 (59;352)] if any absence. Regression analyses showed that complications per se were a key driver of days absent stroke (+102); end-stage renal disease (+70); severe vision loss (+56); and angina pectoris, heart failure, and osteoarthritis implied +53 days each. Alternative specifications showed similar levels of days absent and age subgroups differed in expected direction. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence on the persisting impact on productivity from complications that supports continued efforts to reduce risk factors in T2D. Future studies on burden of disease and economic evaluations of new therapies and disease management may use this new set of complication-specific estimates to improve understanding of the value of reducing complications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has become widely used in several sectors due to the presence of various bioactive compounds such as terpenes and cannabidiol. In general, terpenes and cannabidiol content is determined separately which is time-consuming. Thus, a fast Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection method was validated for simultaneous determination of both terpenes and cannabidiol in hemp. The method enabled a rapid detection of 29 different terpenes and cannabidiol within a total analysis time of 16 min, with satisfactory sensitivity (LOD = 0.03 - 0.27 μg/mL, LOQ = 0.10 - 0.89 μg/mL). The interday and intraday precision (RSD) was less then 7.82 % and less then 3.59 %, respectively. Recoveries at two spiked concentration levels (low, 3.15 μg/mL; high, 20.0 μg/mL) were determined on both apical leaves (78.55 - 101.52 %) and inflorescences (77.52 - 107.10 %). The reproducibility (RSD) was less then 5.94 % and less then 5.51 % in apical leaves and inflorescences, respectively. The proposed and validated method is highly sensitive, robust, fast, and accurate for determination of the main terpenes and cannabidiol in hemp and could be routinely used for quality control. This article is protected by copyright. MK2206 All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Structural myocardial changes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are associated with different abnormalities on electrocardiographs (ECGs). The diagnostic value of the ECG voltage criteria used to screen for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) may depend on the presence and degree of myocardial fibrosis. Fibrosis can cause other changes in ECG parameters, such as pathological Q waves, fragmented QRS (fQRS), or repolarization abnormalities. METHODS We investigated 146 patients with HCM and 35 healthy individuals who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR; with late gadolinium enhancement [LGE] in HCM patients) and standard 12-lead ECGs. On the ECG, depolarization and repolarization abnormalities, the Sokolow-Lyon index, the Cornell index, and the Romhilt-Estes score were evaluated. The left ventricular ejection fraction, volumes, and myocardial mass (LVM) were quantified. Myocardial fibrosis was quantified on LGE images. RESULTS The sensitivity of the Romhilt-Estes score was the highest (75%), and this hypertrophy criterion had the strongest correlation with the LVM index (p  less then  .0001; r = .41). The amount of fibrosis was negatively correlated with the Cornell index (p = .015; r = -.201) and the Sokolow-Lyon index (p = .005; r = -.23), and the Romhilt-Estes score was independent of fibrosis (p = .757; r = 0.026). fQRS and strain pattern predicted more fibrosis, while the Cornell index was a negative predictor of myocardial fibrosis (p  less then  .0001). Among others, the strain pattern was an independent predictor of the LVM (p  less then  .0001). CONCLUSION The Romhilt-Estes score is the most sensitive ECG criterion for detecting LVH in HCM patients, as myocardial fibrosis does not affect this criterion. The presence of fQRS and strain pattern predicts myocardial fibrosis. © 2020 The Authors. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Robust cellular models are key in determining pathological mechanisms that lead to neurotoxicity in Huntington's disease (HD) and for high throughput pre-clinical screening of potential therapeutic compounds. Such models exist but mostly comprise non-human or non-neuronal cells that may not recapitulate the correct biochemical milieu involved in pathology. We have developed a new human neuronal cell model of HD, using neural stem cells (ReNcell VM NSCs) stably transduced to express exon 1 huntingtin (HTT) fragments with variable length polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts. Using a system with matched expression levels of exon 1 HTT fragments, we investigated the effect of increasing polyQ repeat length on HTT inclusion formation, location, neuronal survival, and mitochondrial function with a view to creating an in vitro screening platform for therapeutic screening. We found that expression of exon 1 HTT fragments with longer polyQ tracts led to the formation of intra-nuclear inclusions in a polyQ length-dependent manner during neurogenesis. There was no overt effect on neuronal viability, but defects of mitochondrial function were found in the pathogenic lines. Thus, we have a human neuronal cell model of HD that may recapitulate some of the earliest stages of HD pathogenesis, namely inclusion formation and mitochondrial dysfunction. © 2020 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.The incorporation of impurity ions or doping is a promising method for controlling the electronic and optical properties and the structural stability of halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). Herein, we establish relationships between rare earth ions doping and intrinsic emission of lead-free double perovskite Cs 2 AgInCl 6 NCs to impart and tune the optical performances in the visible light region. Tb 3+ ions were incorporated into Cs 2 AgInCl 6 NCs and occupied In 3+ sites verified by both crystallographic analyses and first-principles calculations. Trace amount of Bi doping endowed the characteristic emission ( 5 D 4 → 7 F 6-3 ) of Tb 3+ ions with new excitation peak at 368 nm rather than single characteristic excitation at 290 nm of Tb 3+ . By controlling Tb 3+ ions concentration, the emission colors of Cs 2 AgInCl 6 Bi,Tb NCs could be continuously tuned from green to orange, due to the efficient energy transfer channel from self-trapped excitons to Tb 3+ ions. Our study provides the salient features of the material design of lead-free perovskite NCs and to expand their luminescence applications. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Standard oncology tools are inadequate to distinguish which older patients are at higher risk of developing chemotherapy-related complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients over 70 years of age starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included in a multicenter study. A prechemotherapy assessment that included sociodemographics, tumor/treatment variables, and geriatric assessment variables was performed. Association between these factors and the development of grade 3-5 toxicity was examined by using logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 551 patients were accrued. Chemotherapy doses (odds ratio [OR] 1.834; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.237-2.719) and creatinine clearance (OR 0.989; 95% CI 0.981-0.997) were the only factors independently associated with toxicity. Only 19% of patients who received reduced doses of chemotherapy and had a creatinine clearance ≥40 mL/minute had grade 3-4 toxicity, compared with 38% of those who received standard doses or had a creatinine clearance less then 40 mL/minute (p less then .