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Median (IQR) for BFR/BS in this study was 32.12 (17.76-48.25) μm

/μm

/year. 26% of patients had low, 34% had normal and 40% had high bone turnover. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for Ob.S/BS, Oc.S/BS and ES/BS were non-significant indicating poor accuracy for identifying low bone turnover. The AUC for Ob.S/BS was 0.697 (95% CI 0.538 to 0.827) indicating fair accuracy for identifying high bone turnover. Oc.S/BS and ES/BS had non-significant AUCs for high bone turnover.

Static histomorphometry parameters for bone turnover are unable to replace dynamic parameter in diagnosing ROD. Tetracycline bone labelling is still required.

Static histomorphometry parameters for bone turnover are unable to replace dynamic parameter in diagnosing ROD. Tetracycline bone labelling is still required.The IMPC/KOMP program provides the opportunity to screen mice harboring well defined gene-inactivation mutations in a uniform genetic background. The program performs a global tissue phenotyping survey that includes skeletal x-rays and bone density measurements. Because of the relative insensitivity of the two screening tests for detecting variance in bone architecture, we initiated a secondary screen based on μCT and a cryohistolomorphological workflow that was performed on the femur and vertebral compartments on 220 randomly selected knockouts (KOs) and 36 control bone samples over a 2 1/2 year collection period provided by one of the production/phenotyping centers. The performance of the screening protocol was designed to balance throughput and cost versus sensitivity and informativeness such that the output would be of value to the skeletal biology community. Here we report the reliability of this screening protocol to establish criteria for control skeletal variance at the architectural, dynamic and cellby μCT and confirmed by histomorphometry in the femur but not in the vertebral compartment. find more Dynamic labeling showed a marked increase in BFR which was attributable to increased labeling surfaces. Cellular analysis confirmed partitioning of osteoblast to labeling surfaces and a marked decrease in osteoclastic activity on both labeling and quiescent surfaces. This pattern of increased bone modeling would not be expected based on prior studies of the Ephrin-Ephrin receptor signaling pathways between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Overall, our findings underscore why unbiased screening is needed because it can reveal unknown or unanticipated genes that impact skeletal variation.

To perform an ecological study to analyze the geospatial distribution of neurosurgeons ≥60 years old and compare these data with the spread of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) across the United States.

Data regarding distribution of COVID-19 cases were collected from the Environmental Systems Research Institute, and demographic statistics were collected from the American Association of Medical Colleges 2019 State Workforce Reports. These figures were analyzed using geospatial mapping software.

As of July 5, 2020, the 10 states with the highest number of COVID-19 cases showed older neurosurgical workforce proportions (the proportion of active surgeons ≥60 years old) of 20.6%-38.9%. Among states with the highest number of COVID-19 deaths, the older workforce proportions were 25.0%-43.4%. Connecticut demonstrated the highest with 43.4% of neurosurgeons ≥60 years old.

Regional COVID-19 hotspots may coincide with areas where a substantial proportion of the neurosurgical workforce is ≥60 years old. Continuous evaluation and adjustment of local and national clinical practice guidelines are warranted throughout the pandemic era.

Regional COVID-19 hotspots may coincide with areas where a substantial proportion of the neurosurgical workforce is ≥60 years old. Continuous evaluation and adjustment of local and national clinical practice guidelines are warranted throughout the pandemic era.

Spine osteoblastomas (OBs) are relatively rare. In contrast to osteoid osteoma, radiologic and clinical manifestations of OB can be varied and atypical. Typical radiographic features in spinal OB include peritumoral bone sclerosis, bone marrow edema, and soft tissue edema. Atypical radiographic features include lesions involving ≥3 segments, lesions with extensive (≥3 segments) bone sclerosis, excessive edema (≥3 segments) of soft tissue and bone marrow, no intralesional calcification, and location in the vertebral body only. The aim of this study was to identify typical and atypical features of OB.

Pretreatment computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed retrospectively. Percutaneous biopsies were performed to confirm pathology in atypical cases.

A total of 50 images from patients with diagnosed OB were reviewed. Atypical radiographic features were found in 18 cases (36%). Pathologic diagnosis was confirmed as OB in 86.2% (25/29) cases after percutaneous computed tomography-guided biopsy.

Our results show that >30% of spinal OB cases might have atypical radiographic features. In cases with atypical radiographic features, computed tomography-guided biopsies are recommended.

30% of spinal OB cases might have atypical radiographic features. In cases with atypical radiographic features, computed tomography-guided biopsies are recommended.

We sought to understand how the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has affected the neurosurgical workforce.

We created a survey consisting of 22 questions to assess the respondent's operative experience, location, type of practice, subspecialty, changes in clinic and operative volumes, changes to staff, and changes to income since the pandemic began. The survey was distributed electronically to neurosurgeons throughout the United States and Puerto Rico.

Of the 724 who opened the survey link, 457 completed the survey. The respondents were from throughout the United States and Puerto Rico and represented all practices types and subspecialties. Nearly all respondents reported hospital restrictions on elective surgeries. Most reported a decline in clinic and operative volume. Nearly 70% of respondents saw a decrease in the work hours of their ancillary providers, and almost one half (49.1%) of the respondents had had to downsize their practice staff, office assistants, nurses, schedulers, and other personnel.