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A simple, widely applicable and reproducible risk predictor may improve patient care, risk stratification, and clinical decision making for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (sAS) patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Baseline severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction identified by E/A ratio in sAS patients undergoing TAVI is associated with increased post-procedural all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization but is not an independent predictor of outcome. Large studies employing multimodality imaging of cardiac function/structure and accounting for sex and comorbidities will be necessary to validate DD parameters (or their combination) in sAS patients undergoing TAVI. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Most (87.6%) of residual atrial L-R shunts after Gore Cardioform septal occluder implant disappear by 12 months. Residual leaks at implantation were more common in larger defects with smaller retro-aortic rims, and multiple fenestrations. While most residual defects close in 12 months, we unfortunately do not yet have a clear idea why or which of the 13% do not close. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Valve-in-valve (VIV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) does not increase cerebrovascular risk compared with TAVR in native aortic valves; the only predictors of new brain lesions were age and postdilatation. Wise choice of the biological valve at the time of surgical aortic replacement, routine use of cerebral protection devices, and new therapeutic paths may be important. Larger studies are needed, hopefully with systematic postdilatation or bioprosthetic valve fracture in cases of residual high transvalvular gradients after VIV TAVR. read more © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients given pacemakers operating in mandatory DDD mode had more ventricular pacing, heart failure hospitalization, and mortality compared with AAI-DDD or VVI modes. AV conduction disturbances are often transient after TAVR. Minimizing ventricular pacing where possible avoids the risk of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy. Pacemaker specialists should be consulted for any TAVR patient with mild rhythm abnormalities given the high incidence of AV block. Careful stratification of patients with conduction disturbances during TAVR may help identify the patients who will require an early permanent pacemaker implantation strategy. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Telesupport means guidance of a procedure performed at one location by another clinician at a different location. In a pilot study, 21 percutaneous coronary interventions and nine catheter ablations were successfully performed without complications with telesupport from a remote university hospital. Telesupport is a powerful tool that can be especially useful when urgent care is needed or when transfer is not an option, but it also has limitations, such as network failure or difficulties handling complications; judicious use is key to optimizing outcomes. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Of adults, 12% have PAD, with nearly 30% older than 70 years with the disorder. With obesity, diabetes mellitus, tobacco abuse, hypercholesterolemia, and poorly controlled hypertension, the incidence of PAD continues to increase. Endovascular treatment of femoropopliteal disease has an alarmingly high rate of restenosis, even with new technology with target lesion revascularization rates at 40-60% at 1 year. Intravascular lithotripsy appears to be safe and acutely effective, but there is no long-term data on whether it has a role in effective treatment of PAD. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Stroke occurs infrequently following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with 30-day and 1-year cumulative incidence of 0.4 and 1.5%, respectively. Patient comorbidities, acute presentations, and complex coronary lesions are more prevalent among patients who sustain a stroke. The occurrence of stroke is associated with higher short-term and overall mortality compared with bleeding or myocardial infarction. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing angiographic procedures. Limiting contrast dose and administration of intravenous normal saline appear to be the best approaches to reducing CIN, but the timing, dose, and duration of optimal hydration is poorly understood. The REMEDIAL III trial protocol outlines two different targeted hydration regimens (guided either by continuous measurement of urine output or by initial left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and 700 patients at high risk of CIN will be randomized. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Ventricular pacing is mandatory in many structural interventions, with associated risks like tamponade and capture loss. The Tempo pacing wire was designed to deal with these issues incorporating an elastomeric balloon on the tip and an active fixation system. In this initial multicenter experience, Tempo pacing wire demonstrated an outstanding performance in both safety and efficacy aspects of ventricular pacing during and after structural interventions. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Esophageal cancers comprise adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, two distinct histologic subtypes. Both are difficult to treat and among the deadliest human malignancies. We describe protocols to initiate, grow, passage, and characterize patient-derived organoids (PDO) of esophageal cancers, as well as squamous cell carcinomas of oral/head-and-neck and anal origin. Formed rapidly ( less then 14 days) from a single-cell suspension embedded in basement membrane matrix, esophageal cancer PDO recapitulate the histology of the original tumors. Additionally, we provide guidelines for morphological analyses and drug testing coupled with functional assessment of cell response to conventional chemotherapeutics and other pharmacological agents in concert with emerging automated imaging platforms. Predicting drug sensitivity and potential therapy resistance mechanisms in a moderate-to-high throughput manner, esophageal cancer PDO are highly translatable in personalized medicine for customized esophageal cancer treatments.