Soelbergboykin9741

Inmates also completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).

Data were available for 141 inmates. Forty-five prisoners (31.9%) had psychotic symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of previous incarceration (aOR=2.98, p=0.034), opioid abuse (aOR=5.02, p=0.008), suicide attempts (aOR=5.55, p<0.001), and childhood emotional abuse (aOR=4.11, p=0.027) significantly increased the likelihood of psychotic symptoms.

Psychotic symptoms are widespread among inmates and are associated with specific risk factors. Prison and jail staff should screen for these factors at the start of an inmate's detention to identify subjects at risk of psychotic symptoms.

Psychotic symptoms are widespread among inmates and are associated with specific risk factors. Prison and jail staff should screen for these factors at the start of an inmate's detention to identify subjects at risk of psychotic symptoms.

Calls for more patient-centered care are growing in the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment field. However, evidence is sparse regarding whether patient-centered care improves access to, or utilization of, effective treatment services.

Using nationally representative survey data from SUD treatment clinics in the United States, we examine the association between patient-centered clinical care and the utilization of six services methadone, buprenorphine, behavioral treatment, routine medical care, HIV testing, and suicide prevention counseling. We measured clinics' practice of and emphasis on patient-centered care with two variables (1) whether the clinic regularly invites patients into clinical decision-making processes, and (2) whether supervisors believe in patient-centered healthcare and shared decision-making practices within their clinics.

In 2017, only 23% of SUD treatment clinics regularly invited patients into care decision-making meetings when their cases were discussed. Selleckchem PD123319 A composite variable captured clinical supervisors' own experience with and expectations for patient-clinician interaction within their clinics (Cronbach's alpha=0.79). Results from regression models that controlled for several organizational and environmental factors show that patient-centered care was independently associated with greater utilization of four of six evidence-based services.

A minority of SUD clinics practice patient-centered healthcare in the United States. Given the connection to evidence-based services, increasing participatory mechanisms in SUD treatment service provision can facilitate patients' access to appropriate and evidence-based services.

A minority of SUD clinics practice patient-centered healthcare in the United States. Given the connection to evidence-based services, increasing participatory mechanisms in SUD treatment service provision can facilitate patients' access to appropriate and evidence-based services.The current study seeks to advance understanding about how to address substance use and co-occurring mental health problems in adolescents. Specifically, we compared the effectiveness of two evidence-based treatment programs (Motivational Enhancement Treatment/Cognitive Behavior Therapy, 5 Sessions [MET/CBT5] and Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach [A-CRA]) for both substance use and mental health outcomes (i.e., crossover effects). We used statistical methods designed to approximate randomized controlled trials when comparing nonequivalent groups using observational study data. Our methods also included an assessment of the potential impact of omitted variables. We found that after applying balancing weighting to ensure similarity of the baseline samples (given the nonrandomized study design), both groups significantly improved on the two substance use outcomes (days abstinent and percent of youth in recovery) and on the two mental health outcomes (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and general emotional problems). Youth in A-CRA were significantly more likely to be in recovery at the 3-month follow-up compared to youth in MET/CBT5, but the size of this effect was very small. Youth receiving MET/CBT5 appeared to show significantly more improvement in the two mental health measures compared to youth in A-CRA, though these effect sizes were also very small. The findings indicate that adolescents with co-occurring substance use and mental health problems improve on both substance use and mental health outcomes with both treatments even though they are not specifically targeting mental health problems.

Practitioners expected the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to increase availability of health services and access to treatment for Americans with substance use disorders (SUDs). Yet research has not examined the associations among ACA enrollment mechanisms, deductibles, and the use of SUD treatment and other healthcare services. Understanding these relationships can inform future healthcare policy.

We conducted a longitudinal analysis of patients with SUDs newly enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health system in 2014 (N=6957). Analyses examined the likelihood of service utilization (primary care, specialty SUD treatment, psychiatry, inpatient, and emergency department [ED]) over three years after SUD diagnosis, and associations with enrollment mechanisms (ACA Exchange vs. other), deductibles (none, $1-$999 [low] and ≥$1000 [high]), membership duration, psychiatric comorbidity, and demographic characteristics. We also evaluated whether the enrollment mechanism moderated the associations betwe people with SUDs are important to consider as health policy evolves.

Higher deductibles generally were associated with use of fewer health services, especially in combination with enrollment through the Exchange. The role of insurance factors, psychiatric comorbidity and race/ethnicity in health services for people with SUDs are important to consider as health policy evolves.

Substance use is prevalent among justice-involved youth and given the risk of recidivism and other poor outcomes associated with substance use, justice systems have implemented efforts to improve substance use screening and connection to treatment. Although many justice systems use drug screening to monitor substance use, research on patterns of substance use based on drug screen records is lacking. The current study examined court records of drug screens among youth to explore patterns of substance use as well as rates of court-ordered referral to substance use treatment and treatment completion. We also examined differences in these patterns of use and treatment referral and completion by race, ethnicity, and gender.

We examined court records for N=3440 youth with records of positive oral drug screen (ODS) between 2011 and 2016 to assess patterns of ODS results (e.g., number and of positive screens), court-ordered referrals to substance use treatment, and rates of treatment completion.

Of 3440 youth with a positive ODS, 96% tested positive for cannabis and 9.