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The mechanisms of the diffusion process are also explored with the Stokes-Einstein and Arrhenius models. The results show that diffusivity is linked exponentially to temperature. Furthermore, this study includes rheological characterization, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and 1H ssNMR T1 and T1ρ measurements to give additional insights into the physical state, phase separation, and API/polymer interactions in paracetamol/copovidone ASD formulations.Recent advances in twistronics of low-dimensional materials, such as bilayer graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, have enabled a plethora of unusual phenomena associated with moiré physics. However, several of these effects require demanding manipulation of superlattices at the atomic scale, such as the careful control of rotation angle between two closely spaced atomic lattices. Here, we study moiré hyperbolic plasmons in pairs of hyperbolic metasurfaces (HMTSs), unveiling analogous phenomena at the mesoscopic scale. HMTSs are known to support confined surface waves collimated toward specific directions determined by the metasurface dispersion. By rotating two evanescently coupled HMTSs with respect to one another, we unveil rich dispersion engineering, topological transitions at magic angles, broadband field canalization, and plasmon spin-Hall phenomena. These findings open remarkable opportunities to advance metasurface optics, enriching it with moiré physics and twistronic concepts.Additives have been known to influence the crystallization behavior of amorphous pharmaceuticals. In this study, the semicrystalline polymer, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), exhibited a different impact on the crystal growth kinetics of indomethacin (IMC) polymorphs grown from the melt. Polarized light microscopy and Raman microscopy were employed to reveal the differences in phase separation occurring at the crystal-liquid interface of IMC polymorphs in the presence of PEO. It was found that at the same condition of melt crystallization PEO could be significantly enriched at the crystal growth front of IMC γ and α forms but not at that of the δ form. The local content of PEO at the growth front was proposed to correlate with the solubility of IMC polymorphs in the molten PEO. The distinct drug-polymer distribution at the crystal-liquid interface of IMC polymorphs could have different impacts on the thermodynamic and kinetic factors in the process of crystallization, resulting in different enhancements of crystal growth rates for the polymorphs. This study is beneficial to understanding the crystallization behavior of polymorphic drugs in the presence of polymeric additives, and more attention needs to be focused on the interfacial phenomena during crystal growth.Intracellular delivery of functional proteins is a promising, but challenging, strategy for many therapeutic applications. Here, we report a new methodology that overcomes drawbacks of traditional mesoporous silica (MSi) particles for protein delivery. We hypothesize that engineering enhancement in interactions between proteins and delivery vehicles can facilitate efficient encapsulation and intracellular delivery. In this strategy, surface lysines in proteins were modified with a self-immolative linker containing a terminal boronic acid for stimulus-induced reversibility in functionalization. The boronic acid moiety serves to efficiently interact with amine-functionalized MSi through dative and electrostatic interactions. We show that proteins of different sizes and isoelectric points can be quantitatively encapsulated into MSi, even at low protein concentrations. We also show that the proteins can be efficiently delivered into cells with retention of activity. Utility of this approach is further demonstrated with gene editing in cells, through the delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 complex.The first stereoselective total synthesis of the dimeric naphthoquinonopyrano-γ-lactone (-)-crisamicin A was realized (13 steps, 5% overall yield). 1,4,5-Trimethoxynaphthalene, reached in five known steps, was brominated at C-3 to install a but-3-enoic ester by an ensuing Heck coupling. An asymmetric Sharpless dihydroxylation followed and gave a β-hydroxy-γ-lactone with >99.9% ee. Its OH substituent and acetaldehyde established the dihydropyran ring in a completely diastereoselective oxa-Pictet-Spengler cyclization. The 2,3-fused anisole moiety allowed the C5-H bond under Hartwig's conditions to be borylated. This set the stage for engaging the resulting C5-B bond in an oxidative dimerization, which led to a binaphthohydroquinon-5-yl. 1-Azakenpaullone mw The latter was advanced to synthetic crisamicin A by a double CAN oxidation (→ a binaphthoquinon-5-yl) and a double demethylation.A systematic range of o-hydroxyphenyl ketones were reduced under asymmetric transfer hydrogenation conditions using the C3-tethered catalyst 2. Two directing effects, i.e., an o-hydroxyphenyl coupled to a bulky aromatic on the opposite side of the ketone substrate, combine in a matched manner to deliver reduction products with very high enantiomeric excess.An increasing number of new drugs have their origin in small biotech or academia. In contrast to big pharma, these environments are often more limited in terms of resources and this necessitates different approaches to the drug discovery process. In this perspective, we outline how computational methods can help advance drug discovery in a setting with more limited resources and we share what, based on our experience, are the best practices for these methods.Nine new naphthacemycins (1-9), along with one known naphthacemycin (10) were isolated from the culture of Streptomyces sp. N12W1565. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including UV, NMR, and HRESIMS. All the compounds showed significant activity, with IC50 values less than 10 μM against protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The anti-PTP1B structure-activity relationship of naphthacemycins (1-10) is discussed. These findings provide a promising starting point for the development of naphthacemycins as potential anti-PTP1B agents.We experimentally and theoretically examine the influence of a double-chain cationic surfactant, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), on the wetting states and contact angles on superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces made of hydrophobic microcylinders. We use two types of micropatterns of different surface roughness, r, and packing fraction, ϕ, and vary nine dimensionless surfactant concentrations (CS), normalized by the critical micelle concentration (CMC), in the experiments. At low CS, some of the surfactant-laden droplets are in a gas-trapping, Cassie-Baxter (CB) state on the high-roughness microstructures. In contrast, some droplets are in a complete-wetting Wenzel (W) state on the low-roughness microtextures. We found that the contact angle of CB drops can be well predicted using a thermodynamic model considering surfactant adsorption at the liquid-vapor (LV) and solid-liquid (SL) interfaces. At high CS, however, all of the DDAB drops wet in a Wenzel mode. Based on a Gibbsian thermodynamic analysis, we find that for the two types of superhydrophobic surfaces used, the Wenzel state has the lowest thermodynamic energy and thus is more favorable theoretically.