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l-Isoleucine produced by C. glutamicum KCCM 80189 is considered as an efficacious source of the essential amino acid l-isoleucine for non-ruminant animal species. For the supplemental l-isoleucine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non-ruminant species, it would require protection against degradation in the rumen.Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on l-cystine produced using Pantoea ananatis NITE BP-02525 when used as a nutritional additive (amino acid) or as a sensory additive (flavouring compound) in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. l-Cystine is a dispensable sulfur-containing amino acid, naturally occurring in proteins of plants and animals. Actinomycin D mw The amino acid l-cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP-02525 is safe for all animal species, if the requirements for sulfur-containing amino acids are respected. The maximum amount of l-cystine that can be safely added to the diet will depend on the levels of other sulfur amino acids. This conclusion would also cover its use as a sensory additive. The use of l-cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP-02525 in animal nutrition raises no safety concerns to consumers of animal products. The additive under assessment is considered slightly irritating by inhalation, not irritating to the skin or eyes and is not a skin sensitiser. There is no risk for persons handling the additive from the exposure to endotoxins by inhalation. The use of the l-cystine produced by fermentation with P. ananatis NITE BP-02525 as a feed additive does not represent a risk to the environment. l-Cystine is considered efficacious in partially meeting the requirements of sulfur-containing amino acids in all animal species. For the supplemental l-cystine to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non-ruminant species, it would require protection against degradation in the rumen. It is also considered efficacious as a feed flavouring compound under the proposed conditions of use.Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on l-lysine monohydrochloride and l-lysine sulfate produced using Corynebacterium glutamicum CGMCC 7.266 when used as a nutritional additive in feed and water for drinking for all animal species. The active substance is l-lysine and it is produced in two different forms (monohydrochloride or sulfate salts). None of those forms pose any safety concern associated with the genetic modification of the production strain. l-Lysine HCl and l-lysine sulfate produced by C. glutamicum CGMCC 7.266 are considered safe for the target species, for the consumer and for the environment. For both products, the FEEDAP Panel has concerns regarding the safety for the target species when the additives are administered via feed and water for drinking, simultaneously. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety of both forms of the additive for the user. The products under assessment are considered efficacious sources of the amino acid l-lysine for all animal species. For these products to be as efficacious in ruminants as in non-ruminant species, they require protection against degradation in the rumen.Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a dried aqueous ethanol extract of leaves from Olea europaea L., when used as a sensory feed additive for all animal species. The extract is specified to contain ≥ 20% oleuropein. As a full analysis of the extract was not provided, about 70% of the extract remained uncharacterised. In view of the inadequate chemical and toxicological characterisation of the additive, the FEEDAP Panel is unable to conclude on the safety for the target species, the consumers and the users. O. europaea L. is a native species to Europe where it is widely grown for commercial purposes. Use of the extract from the plant in animal production is not expected to pose a risk for the environment. In the absence of data showing the sensory properties of the additive under assessment, the Panel could not conclude on the efficacy of olive leaf extract from O. europaea L. when used as sensory additive.Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of 4-phenylbut-3-en-2-one [07.024] and benzophenone [07.032] belonging to chemical group 21, when used as feed flavourings for all animal species. They are currently authorised for use as flavours in food. The use of 4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one [07.024] is safe at the proposed normal use levels of 1 mg/kg complete feed for all animal species. Benzophenone [07.032] is safe at the proposed normal use levels of 1 mg/kg complete feed for all animal species except chicken for fattening, laying hens and piglets, for which the calculated safe concentration in feed is 0.5 mg/kg. No safety concern would arise for the consumer from the use of 4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one [07.024] and benzophenone [07.032] as feed flavourings. In the absence of studies to assess the safety for the user, the FEEDAP Panel cannot conclude on the safety for users when handling the additives. The use of 4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one [07.024] and benzophenone [07.032] in animal feed at the maximum safe use level in feed is also considered safe for the environment. Since the compounds under assessment are used in food as flavourings and their function in feed is essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy is necessary.Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of a dried aqueous ethanol extract of Melissa officinalis L. leaves when used as a sensory feed additive for all animal species. The aqueous ethanol extract is specified to contain ≥ 10% of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives including ≥ 3% of rosmarinic acid. Considering the contradictory data from the Ames tests and uncertainty about the qualitative and quantitative presence of flavonoids and other compounds in the extract from M. officinalis L. leaves, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on the genotoxicity of the additive under assessment. Although the identified components of the extract do not raise concerns for the safety of target species, the analysis of the extract is incomplete. In the absence of adequate analytical and safety data, the FEEDAP Panel is unable to conclude on the safety of the additive for the target species.