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Aim To identify the psychological change process of the registered nurses who worked in the epicenter of the COVID-19 outbreak.Background The pandemic of COVID-19 has continued to pose an unprecedented threat and challenge to people's health around the world. Nurses are at high risk because they work within the closest proximity to patients. Understanding nurses' psychological change process during the care for patients with COVID-19 is imperative for healthcare leaders.Methods This was a qualitative descriptive study that took place in a hospital in Wuhan, China, the epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic, from February 9th to March 15th, 2020. Using purposive sampling, we interviewed 23 nurses. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method of data analysis to find, understand, and describe nurses' experiences.Results The psychological change process of frontline nurses included three stages, early, middle, and later stages. The psychological characteristics of each period were ambivalence, emotional exhaustion, and energy renewal, respectively. Nurse leaders were anchors in facilitating frontline nurses' psychological adaptation.Conclusions In the past month, the psychological characteristics of nurses changed over time. The study indicated the necessity for nurse leaders to implement intervention programs based on nurses' psychological characteristics in different periods to promote nurses' health during this critical time period.Background We investigated whether the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, resveratrol can inhibit type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in rats and whether it is associated with the suppression of glycaemia, dyslipidemia and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.Materials and methods T2DM was induced by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) and high carbohydrate and fat diet (HCFD). The protective group was put on resveratrol (30 mg/kg) 14 days prior to the induction of diabetes and continued on resveratrol and HCFD until being sacrificed at week 12.Results Diabetic rats showed a substantial damage to the knee joints and loss of proteoglycans from the articular cartilage, which were effectively but not completly protected by resveratrol. Resveratrol also significantly (p ≤ .0029) reduced diabetic up-regulation of HbA1c, hyperlipidaemia, inflammation and oxidative stress.Conclusions Resveratrol protects against T2DM-induced OA associated with the inhibition of glycated haemoglobin, dyslipidemia, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation.Background Detection of brain-specific miRNAs in the peripheral blood could serve as a surrogate marker of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we systematically identified brain-enriched miRNAs, and tested their utility as TBI biomarkers in the acute phase of care. Methods Publically available microarray data generated from 29 postmortem human tissues were used to rank 1,364 miRNAs in terms of their degree of brain-specific expression. Levels of the top six ranked miRNAs were then prospectively measured in serum samples collected from 10 Patients with TBI at hospital admission, as well as from 10 controls. Results The top six miRNAs identified in our analysis (miR-124-3p, miR-219a-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-137, and miR-128-3p) were enriched 70 to 320-fold in brain relative to other tissues, and exhibited dramatically greater brain specificity compared to several miRNAs previously proposed as biomarkers. Furthermore, their levels were elevated in serum from patients with TBI compared to controls, and could collectively discriminate between groups with 90% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Interestingly, subsequent informatic pathway analysis revealed that their target transcripts were enriched for components of signaling pathways active in peripheral organs involved in common post-TBI complications. Conclusions The six candidate miRNAs identified in this preliminary study have promise as blood biomarkers of TBI, and could also be molecular contributors to systemic physiologic changes commonly observed post-injury.Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease predominantly affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Diagnosis of this devastating pathology is very difficult because the high degree of clinical heterogeneity with which it occurs and until now, no truly effective treatment exists. Areas covered Molecular diagnosis may be a valuable tool for dissecting out ALS complex heterogeneity and for identifying new molecular mechanisms underlying the characteristic selective degeneration and death of motor neurons. To date, pathogenic variants in ALS genes are known to be present in up to 70% of familial and 10% of apparently sporadic ALS cases and can be associated with risks for ALS only or risks for other neurodegenerative diseases. This paper shows the procedure currently used in diagnostic laboratories to investigate most frequent mutations in ALS and evaluating the utility of involved molecular techniques as potential tools to discriminate 'common mutations' in ALS patients. Expert opinion Genetic testing may allow for establishing an accurate pathological diagnosis and a more precise stratification of patient groups in future drug trials.Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis are used in organic agriculture as an alternative to chemical pesticides to fight against phytopathogen organisms. These Gram-positive soil-dwelling bacteria are able to resist harsh conditions and survive by differentiating into endospores. Few studies have examined how bacterial populations change on plants over time, and whether they remain active or enter a dormant state. Nonetheless, these characteristics are strikingly important to determine the usage of B. subtilis and B. velezensis and their efficacy in environmental conditions. Here, we investigated the population dynamics of B. subtilis NCIB3610 and B. velezensis QST713 when applied as spores on different ornamental plants. DS-8201 ic50 We report that on all the plants studied (Echinacea purpurea 'Salsa red', Echinacea purpurea 'Fatal attraction', and Lavandula angustifolia 'Hidecote blue'), spores rapidly germinated and colonized the rhizoplane, maintaining a relatively low proportion of spores in the population over time, whereas the bacterial population on the leaves rapidly declined. Bacteria in the surrounding soil did not germinate and persisted as spores. Taken together, these results suggest that only cells found at the rhizosphere remain metabolically active to allow the formation of a lasting relationship with the plant, making possible beneficial effects from the inoculated bacteria.Background Poor sleep and prior depression are key predictors of perinatal depression, with research suggesting depressive symptoms may emerge in early pregnancy. Sleep is a potentially modifiable risk factor for depression. This pilot study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a six-month sleep education intervention designed to optimize sleep and minimize depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy. Sleep measures and depressive symptoms are described from 12 weeks gestation to 12 weeks postpartum. Participants A community sample of nulliparous pregnant women with a history of depression were recruited prior to 14 weeks gestation. Methods An individualized sleep education program was developed and participants engaged in three trimester specific sleep education sessions. Feasibility and acceptability were determined via recruitment and retention rates and participant feedback. Depressive symptoms and sleep were measured at five time points throughout the study. Results 22 women enrolled in the study and 15 completed the intervention. Participants reported the intervention as highly acceptable. There was minimal change in all dimensions of sleep across pregnancy, but sleep measures were significantly worse at six weeks postpartum and improved by 12 weeks postpartum. Depressive symptoms were significantly lower at the conclusion of the intervention and 12 weeks postpartum compared to trimester 1. Conclusions This sleep education program appears feasible, acceptable and may be effective in minimizing depressive symptoms in pregnant women with a history of depression. Trials with larger and more diverse samples are warranted and further studies to ascertain efficacy should be undertaken with a control group.Objective Factors related to the driver-vehicle-environment system have a significant influence on a driver's decision to perform evasive maneuvers, especially the decision of steering direction (DSD) in critical situations. However, few studies have systematically investigated the relationships between these factors and DSD. link2 The objective of this study is to analyze and model drivers' DSD in critical situations.Methods Data from the NASS-CDS from 1995 to 2015 were utilized in this study. The decision tree (DT) classifier was utilized to model a driver's DSD for both intersection-related and non-intersection-related subsets, combined with a 10-fold cross-validation technique and grid search approach to evaluate and optimize the model. An analysis of variable importance was also conducted.Results Two separate DT models of drivers' DSD were obtained based on the optimized hyperparameters, with test accuracies of 84.6% (intersection-related) and 79.2% (non-intersection-related). The variable DIFFANGLE (angle difference between 2 vehicles) ranked as the most important factor influencing drivers' DSD in both models. The variables, in order of importance, were SPEED (travel speed of the subject vehicle) and AGE (driver's age) for the intersection-related model and SPEED, PREMOVE (pre-event movement), TRAFFLOW (trafficway flow), and AGE for the non-intersection-related model. Moreover, an interesting same direction pattern was observed in both DT models.Conclusions This study employed NASS-CDS data and DT classifiers to analyze and model drivers' DSD behavior. The test accuracies for both classifiers were acceptable. Potential variables influencing drivers' DSD were explored, which improves the research on evasive behavior in lateral movement and promotes further applications for intelligent vehicles using the constructed models.Primary objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with higher incidence of neurodegenerative disease and the effects of aging appear more pronounced after TBI. link3 This paper examines the potential interaction of aging, TBI, and change in male testosterone production. Methods and procedures An abbreviated review of literature documenting hypogonadism after TBI is provided. Potential mechanisms of endocrine dysgrasia associated with aging are reviewed as they relate and interact with endocrine change after TBI in males. These factors align to suggest the need for development of surveillance guidelines for male individuals living with TBI. Outcomes and results The neuroprotectant, neuroactivation, growth, and cell therapy characteristics of testosterone in the central nervous system are considerable. Age-related decrements in testosterone production may be accelerated after TBI. Conclusions Testosterone deficiency in male individuals after TBI can be present after TBI or can develop during aging. Age-related decreases in testosterone production after TBI may act to amplify endocrine dysfunction after TBI.