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7 mg g-1 in the Langmuir isotherm model fitting results. By the repetitive adsorption/desorption and XPS results, it turned out that both chemisorption and physisorption gave a contribution in the removal of F, and the regeneration of adsorbent using NaOH was effective to restore the adsorption capability but accompanied the loss of adsorption sites. As a result, it can be concluded that a granule-type material fabricated using Al-rich precipitates selectively recovered from AMD neutralization can be considered as a promising adsorbent for F removal in aqueous solution.A composite material prepared by polymerization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the surface of natural hydroxyapatite using citric acid as cross linker, was employed as electrode material for the detection of Pb(II). Hydroxyapatite was obtained from bovine bones, following a three-step procedure including pre-calcination, chemical treatment with (NH4)2HPO4, and calcination. The structure and morphology of the pristine hydroxyapatite (NHAPP0.5) and its functionalized counterpart (NHAPp0.5-CA-β-CD) were examined using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Upon deposition as thin film on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the ion exchange ability of NHAPp0.5-CA-β-CD was exploited to elaborate a sensitive sensor for the detection of lead. The electroanalytical procedure was based on the chemical accumulation of Pb(II) ions under open-circuit conditions, followed by the detection of the preconcentrated species using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The reproducibility of the proposed method, based on a series of 8 measurements in a solution containing 2 μM Pb(II) gave a coefficient of variation of 1.27%. Significant parameters that can affect the stripping response of Pb(II) were optimized, leading to a linear calibration curve for lead in the concentration range of 2 × 10-8 mol L-1 - 20 × 10-8 mol L-1 (R2 = 0.998). The detection limit (3S/m) and the sensitivity of the proposed sensor were 5.06 × 10-10 mol L-1 and 100.80 μA.μM-1, respectively. The interfering effect of several ions expected to affect the determination of lead was evaluated, and the proposed sensor was successfully applied in the determination of Pb(II) ions in spring water, well water, river water and tap water samples.Biomonitoring of least disturbed areas is a crucial issue to accurately assess the ecological status of surface waters and ensure their sustainability. Diatom metrics are important tools for the assessment of environmental conditions of lotic ecosystems to achieve environmental sustainability. The present study was aimed to evaluate the ecological status of least disturbed areas in the Antalya River basin (Turkey) using diatom indices developed from different ecoregion. Diatom species such as Cymbella excisa, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Cocconeis euglypta, and Cocconeis placentula were the most contributing species to the dissimilarity of sampling stations between rainy and dry seasons. The first two axes of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) elucidated a strong (86%) correlation between diatom taxa and stressors. Results of the Monte Carlo permutation test indicated that total phosphorus (TP), water temperature, Tin (Sn), total organic carbon, zinc, and pH are significantly influential ecological factorr Lekesiz, Tolga Çetin.We carried out a meta-analytical review of possible DNA damage resulting from occupational exposure to pesticides in farmers in the scientific literature. After the search, screening, and eligibility criteria steps, we included 42 studies to analyze random effect calculation. DNA damage in farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides represents an effect of SMD 4.63 [CI 95% 3.94-5.32; p less then 0.001]. We observed a high heterogeneity rate between the studies and an asymmetry of the bias analysis results. We performed a meta-regression on the parameters. find more The Olive Tail Moment (OTM) was the most effective comet assay parameter in the evaluated studies. The Damage Index (DI) was more conservative and highlighted the variability between studies caused by distinct methodologies that showed more significant effects and greater deviations. An analysis of confounding factors demonstrated a slight DNA damage in smokers who were occupationally exposed to pesticides compared to nonsmokers, indicating genotoxicity but smaller than the pesticide effect. The present study shows the greater risk that occupationally exposed rural workers have of developing related diseases due to pesticides' genotoxic effect.Long-term exposure to air pollutants and residential greenness related to advanced fibrosis have been sparsely studied in low- and middle-income countries. A total of 29883 participants were selected from a cross-sectional survey of the Henan Rural Cohort. Concentrations of air pollutants (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 μm (PM1), ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) for participants were predicted by using a spatiotemporal model. Residential greenness of each participant was indicated by Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Independent and joint associations of air pollutants and residential greenness indices with prevalent advanced fibrosis reflected by fibrosis-4 score (FIB4), aspartate-to-platelet-ratio index (APRI) and ALT/AST ratio were analyzed by generalized linear mixed models and their interactive effect on prevalent advanced fibrosis were visualized by using the interplot method. Long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 were positively related to FIB4 or APRI as well as prevalent intermediate-high advanced fibrosis; EVI was negatively related to FIB4 or APRI as well as prevalent intermediate-high advanced fibrosis. Negative associations of residential greenness indices (EVI or NDVI) with prevalent advanced fibrosis were decreased as increased air pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10 or NO2) (P less then 0.05 for all). This study indicated that residential greenness may partially attenuate negative effect of long-term exposure to air pollutants related to increased prevalent intermediate-high advanced fibrosis, implying that residential greenness may be an effective strategy to reduce the burden of prevalent hepatic fibrosis and its related disease in association with exposure high levels of air pollutants. The Henan Rural Cohort study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number ChiCTR-OOC-15006699, http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375 ).Reservoir water is the most important freshwater resource for many cities, especially in densely populated humid subtropical areas. Economic growth, population increase, and urbanization have been putting reservoir water of Shenzhen (China), a humid subtropical city, under severe threat of eutrophication and water supply shortage. In this study, we focused on an upstream reservoir of Shenzhen and established a 3-dimensional hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate the water dynamics and nutrient budget. Tributaries to the reservoir were identified as the greatest contributors to nitrogen and phosphorus loads. Zones with weak flows and high nutrient concentration have high risks of causing blooms. Several mitigation measures were proposed, including improving flow by adding additional water exit locations in the reservoir, reducing nutrients in tributaries, and enhancing algal predation, and were evaluated with the established model. The strategies combining hydrodynamic improvement and phosphorus reduction were suggested to decision makers and government managers for short-term management. However, for future water safety, excessive nitrogen is a potential danger. This study provides a modeling framework that can be applied to anthropogenic-influenced reservoirs elsewhere.The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic. Some studies have suggested a negative association between sunlight intensity and COVID-19 infection, alluding to the belief that it might be safe to go out on sunny days. This paper examined whether solar radiation mitigated the association between human mobility and COVID-19 infection in Europe using a dynamic panel data model to investigate the effect of human mobility, solar radiation, and their interaction on COVID-19 infection. The results revealed that outgoing mobility was positively correlated and solar radiation was negatively correlated with COVID-19 infection at lag levels of 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The coefficients of the interaction items indicated that solar radiation negatively moderated the relationship between outgoing mobility and the number of daily new confirmed cases at 2- and 3-week lag levels. However, the moderating effect was limited and unable to eliminate the positive effect of outgoing mobility on COVID-19 infection. Thus, these results suggested that solar radiation only weakly mitigated the relationship between human mobility and COVID-19 infection, providing policy implications that mobility should still be restricted on sunny days during the COVID-19 pandemic.Black shales are easily exposed due to human activities such as mining, road construction, and shale gas development, which results in several environmental issues including heavy metal (HM) pollution, soil erosion, and the destruction of vegetation. Mosses are widely used to monitor metal pollution in the atmosphere, but few studies on the distribution and dispersion of HMs in the rock-soil-moss system are available. Here, mosses (Pohlia flexuosa Harv. in Hook), growing soils, and corresponding parent rocks were collected from black shale areas. After appropriate pretreatment, samples were analyzed for multiple elemental concentrations by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. The results show that black shale parent rocks have elevated HM concentration and act as a source of multiple metals. The overlying soil significantly inherits and accumulates heavy metals released from black shale. Significant positive correlations between HMs in P. flexuosa and the growing soils indicate that HMs are mainly originating from geological source rather than atmospheric deposition. Differential accumulation of HMs is observed between rhizoids and stems in our study. Moreover, P. flexuosa is able to cope with high concentrations of toxic metals without any visible negative effect on its growth and development. Finally, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for all the HMs in P. flexuosa is less than 1, indicating that it has a tolerance and exclusion mechanism for these metals, especially for the non-essential elements As and Pb. Therefore, the luxuriant and spontaneous growth of P. flexuosa could be used as a phytostabilization pioneer plant in the black shale outcrop where vascular plants are rare.The main objective of this paper is to review the emission characteristics of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines using different fuels and additives. Additionally, the impacts of various operating conditions on HCCI engine emissions are also analyzed. There is a demand faced by the engine and car manufacturers for high fuel efficiency and low emission from both consumers and the government. HCCI is an alternative internal combustion technology that is more efficient and cleaner than traditional combustion techniques. In this engine, fuel and oxidiser (typically air) are entirely mixed and compressed to the point of auto-ignition. It is a new combustion concept that provides high efficiency and resolves high nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions simultaneously. Conventional diesel engine emits NOx around 2000-2500 ppm which is a primary concern; however, when diesel is used in HCCI engine, it reduces NOx to only 70-400 ppm. Furthermore, natural gas cannot be used as fuel in the conventional engine but can be used in HCCI engine.