Serranotruelsen3788

Pyrolysis of furfural residue (FR) was performed at 450-850 °C by employing a fluidized bed pyrolyzer (FBP). Addition of Kaolin and Ca-bentonite to FR considerably increased the condensate yields. The highest condensate yield (24.96 wt%) was obtained at 650 °C when Ca-bentonite was added. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectrum of pyrolysis oil (PO) indicated that catalysts promoted generation of alkene, amine, sulfate, sulfonyl chloride and oxime during pyrolysis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated that catalysts significantly increased the content of furfural and phenol in PO and the maximum phenol content (15.36%) was achieved in PO650-3 for CaO. The quite low relative proportion (RP) of ammonia nitrogen in liquid indicated that the dominant form of nitrogen in liquid was not ammonia nitrogen. CaO had the ability to reduce H2S release, indicating significant sulfur retention capacity. The maximum RP (99.29%) of chlorine in bio-char (BC) was observed with the addition of CaO, showing its strong chlorine retention capacity.Currently, centralised plants are the most favoured approach for the anaerobic treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, centralised solutions imply certain environmental impacts, which prevent large-scale implementation of the anaerobic digestion (AD). As a result, we are digesting less then 5% of organic waste both in Europe and the USA even today. Pursuing the criteria for maximising the balance between profit and impacts, an innovative layout with the ultimate goal of promoting the use of small, decentralised AD plants is proposed. In this study, source-separated OFMSW (SS-OFMSW) was treated in a mesophilic plug flow reactor by applying an atypical combination of conditions such as high SS-OFMSW solid content (214.5 g·kg-1), high organic loading rate (6.2 kg VS·m-3·d-1), and no dilution or co-substrate addition. A suitable and an efficient mixing system is essential to control the process. Accordingly, the process was stable in a single-stage reactor, in the absence of digestate recirculation, obtaining specific gas production of 0.67 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of biogas and 0.41 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of methane. High reactor volume exploitation and small plant construction were feasible, reaching a gas production rate of 4.5 m3·m-3 d-1. The estimated costs in terms of capital and operating expenditure are expected to realize gross economic sustainability of full-scale installation.

The prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is an important issue for the health of operators, especially when the workload is heavy, such as in drilling activities.

This study aimed to propose an objective identification and description of the different phases that comprise a drilling task as well as a biomechanical and ergonomic evaluation of the subjects' overall posture during its effective part.

Fourteen healthy subjects performed three successive drillings at two different heights, 130 (H130) and 170 cm (H170) from the ground, of a 3 mm thick steel plate. Kinematic and kinetic data were simultaneously acquired using a Qualisys motion capture system and a force platform. The speed profiles of each body segments and the evolution of the force exerted were analysed to identify the different phases. Then, the average joint angles of the whole body were calculated during the drilling phase for the two heights considered and compared. Finally, the measured postures were qualified thr operators are exposed to considerable risk of developing MSDs, even at intermediate heights, which increase as the height increases.

Mal de debarquement (MdD), or often called 'sea legs', is the perception of self-motion after exposure to passive movement such as being on a boat at sea. Previous studies highlight sensory re-organization difficulties and postural control impairments after disembarking from sea travel in experienced crew members. Evobrutinib solubility dmso However, the impact of MdD in individuals with minimal offshore experience, defined as participating in less than 2 offshore excursions per year, has not been investigated.

Does exposure to boat motion while at sea alter static postural control after disembarking in individuals with minimal offshore experience?

Healthy adults (n = 24) with minimal offshore experience had their static balance assessed on a force platform before (PRE) and after (POST) a 7-h deep sea fishing excursion. Static balance was tested in eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), eyes open on a foam surface (EOF), and eyes closed on a foam surface (ECF) conditions. Sway excursions, sway velocity and sway variability in the mediawere observed in individuals with minimal offshore experience after disembarking. Our findings suggest sensory re-organization difficulties in order to maintain an upright posture in challenging sensory conditions are dependent on vestibular and somatosensory inputs following exposure to boat motion at sea.

The sit to stand transition (STS) is a task performed by those with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with biomechanical modifications that may influence the lower limb load distribution. As a weight bearing task mainly performed in the sagittal plane, the presence of unilateral or bilateral KOA may lead to asymmetry during its performance.

Are the biomechanical and neuromuscular aspects of the sit to stand transition (STS) different between participants with unilateral and bilateral KOA?

Twenty-eight participants were allocated as follows unilateral KOA (OA

 ; n = 12) and bilateral KOA (OA

 ; n = 16). All participants were evaluated by means of kinematics (Qualisys Motion Capture System, Qualisys Medical AB, SUE), kinetics (Bertec Corporation's model 4060-08 Mod., USA), and electromyography (TrignoTM Wireless System, DelSys Inc., USA) during the STS. The variables calculated were the symmetry indices of the total support moment (TSM) and ground reaction force (IS

and IS

, respectively), magnitude of the TSMtting up from a chair, without modification in the lower limb intersegmental coordination or symmetry regarding ground reaction force or TSM distribution.