Schmidtpagh2999

Metal chalcogenide magic-sized nanoclusters have shown intriguing photophysical and chemical properties, yet ambient instability has hampered their extensive applications. Here we explore the periodic assembly of these nanoscale building blocks through organic linkers to overcome such limitations and further boost their properties. We designed a diamine-based heat-up self-assembly process to assemble Mn2+(CdSe)13 and Mn2+(ZnSe)13 magic-sized nanoclusters into three- and two-dimensional suprastructures, respectively, obtaining enhanced stability and solid-state photoluminescence quantum yields (from  less then 1% for monoamine-based systems to ~72% for diamine-based suprastructures). We also exploited the atomic-level miscibility of Cd and Zn to synthesize Mn2+(Cd1-xZnxSe)13 alloy suprastructures with tunable metal synergy Mn2+(Cd0.5Zn0.5Se)13 suprastructures demonstrated high catalytic activity (turnover number, 17,964 per cluster in 6 h; turnover frequency, 2,994 per cluster per hour) for converting CO2 to organic cyclic carbonates under mild reaction conditions. The enhanced stability, photoluminescence and catalytic activity through combined cluster-assembly and metal synergy advance the usability of inorganic semiconductor nanoclusters.Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are promising materials for developing future nano-enabled technologies1-6. The cleavage of weak, interlayer van der Waals bonds in layered bulk crystals enables the production of high-quality 2D, atomically thin monolayers7-10. Nonetheless, as earth-abundant compounds, metal oxides are rarely accessible as pure and fully stoichiometric monolayers owing to their ion-stabilized 'lamellar' bulk structure11-14. Here, we report the discovery of a layered planar hexagonal phase of oxides from elements across the transition metals, post-transition metals, lanthanides and metalloids, derived from strictly controlled oxidation at the metal-gas interface. The highly crystalline monolayers, without the support of ionic dopants or vacancies, can easily be mechanically exfoliated by stamping them onto substrates. Monolayer and few-layered hexagonal TiO2 are characterized as examples, showing p-type semiconducting properties with hole mobilities of up to 950 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature. The strategy can be readily extended to a variety of elements, possibly expanding the exploration of metal oxides in the 2D quantum regime.Spin excitations of magnetic thin films are the founding element for magnetic devices in general. While spin dynamics have been extensively studied in bulk materials, the behaviour in mesoscopic films is less known due to experimental limitations. Here, we employ resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to investigate the spectrum of spin excitations in mesoscopic Fe films, from bulk-like films down to three unit cells. In bulk samples, we find isotropic, dispersive ferromagnons consistent with previous neutron scattering results for bulk single crystals. As the thickness is reduced, these ferromagnetic spin excitations renormalize to lower energies along the out-of-plane direction while retaining their dispersion in the in-plane direction. This thickness dependence is captured by simple Heisenberg model calculations accounting for the confinement in the out-of-plane direction through the loss of Fe bonds. Our findings highlight the effects of mesoscopic scaling on spin dynamics and identify thickness as a knob for fine tuning and controlling magnetic properties.Dissipationless currents from topologically protected states are promising for disorder-tolerant electronics and quantum computation. Here, we photogenerate giant anisotropic terahertz nonlinear currents with vanishing scattering, driven by laser-induced coherent phonons of broken inversion symmetry in a centrosymmetric Dirac material ZrTe5. selleckchem Our work suggests that this phononic terahertz symmetry switching leads to formation of Weyl points, whose chirality manifests in a transverse, helicity-dependent current, orthogonal to the dynamical inversion symmetry breaking axis, via circular photogalvanic effect. The temperature-dependent topological photocurrent exhibits several distinct features Berry curvature dominance, particle-hole reversal near conical points and chirality protection that is responsible for an exceptional ballistic transport length of ~10 μm. These results, together with first-principles modelling, indicate two pairs of Weyl points dynamically created by B1u phonons of broken inversion symmetry. Such phononic terahertz control breaks ground for coherent manipulation of Weyl nodes and robust quantum transport without application of static electric or magnetic fields.When a temperature gradient is applied to a closed circuit comprising two different conductors, a charge current is generated via the Seebeck effect1. Here, we utilize the Seebeck-effect-induced charge current to drive 'transverse' thermoelectric generation, which has great potential for energy harvesting and heat sensing applications owing to the orthogonal geometry of the heat-to-charge-current conversion2-9. We found that, in a closed circuit comprising thermoelectric and magnetic materials, artificial hybridization of the Seebeck effect into the anomalous Hall effect10 enables transverse thermoelectric generation with a similar symmetry to the anomalous Nernst effect11-27. Surprisingly, the Seebeck-effect-driven transverse thermopower can be several orders of magnitude larger than the anomalous-Nernst-effect-driven thermopower, which is clearly demonstrated by our experiments using Co2MnGa/Si hybrid materials. The unconventional approach could be a breakthrough in developing applications of transverse thermoelectric generation.

Malnutrition is prevalent that can impair multiple clinical outcomes in oncology populations. This study aimed to develop and utilize a tool to optimize the early identification of malnutrition in patients with cancer.

We performed an observational cohort study including 3998 patients with cancer at two teaching hospitals in China. Hierarchical clustering was performed to classify the patients into well-nourished or malnourished clusters based on 17 features reflecting the phenotypic and etiologic dimensions of malnutrition. Associations between the identified clusters and patient characteristics were analyzed. A nomogram for predicting the malnutrition probability was constructed and independent validation was performed to explore its clinical significance.

The cluster analysis identified a well-nourished cluster (n = 2736, 68.4%) and a malnourished cluster (n = 1262, 31.6%) in the study population, which showed significant agreement with the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria (both P < 0.