Santosvance5264

5 and 97.3 mg·kg-1 Zn. Highest activities of phenoloxidase and alkaline phosphatase were recorded in crab fed the diets containing 68.5 and 97.3 mg·kg-1 Zn. Expression levels of prophenoloxidase and toll-like receptor 2 were higher in crab fed the 97.3 mg·kg-1 Zn diet compared to crab fed the other diets. Based on PWG alone, the optimal dietary Zn level was estimated to be 82.9 mg·kg-1, with 68.5 to 97.3 mg·kg-1 recommended for maintaining optimal Zn bioaccumulation, oxidation resistance and innate immune response of juvenile mud crab.Increased fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is associated with reduced blood pressure. However, it is not clear whether the effect of FV on blood pressure depends on the type of FV consumed. Furthermore, there is limited research regarding the comparative effect of juices or whole FV on blood pressure. Baseline data from a prospective cohort study examined the cross-sectional association between total FV intake, but also specific types of FV and blood pressure in France and Northern Ireland. A total of 10660 men aged 50-59 years were recruited from 1991 to 1994. Blood pressure was measured in a clinic setting, and dietary intake was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After adjusting for potential confounders, both systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly inversely associated with total fruit, vegetable and fruit juice intake however when results were examined according to the sub-type of fruit or vegetable (citrus fruit, other fruit, fruit juices, cooked vegetables and r processing or cooking-related factors.Background - Obesity has become a global disease, leading to the enhanced risk of metabolic syndrome which includes diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension and certain cancers but it is difficult to control only by diet and exercise as they are difficult to implement. Objective- The objective of this review is to bring into light the active constituents that can be obtained from various natural sources which act as anti-obesity agents because with a global rise in the prevalence of obesity, an urgent need to prevent and control it has arisen. Method- For this review, we have compiled information about natural anti-obesity products, by an electronic search of the articles available on PubMed, Scopus and other internet sources for the duration of1975-2019and added my own research too. We have analyzed and organized data on various natural products in popular use and pharmacognostical and biological studies of them. Their mechanisms of action have also been studied. Conclusion-Consumption of diets comprising high amounts of active anti-obesity natural compounds is a promising strategy for the suppression of lipid accumulation and adipogenesis in obese individuals. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND We hypothesized that SKA2 gene can convert hemoglobin F to A leading to the maturity of the hematopoietic system by glucocorticoid hormone; so, the present study aimed to investigate the health outcome of newborns by using the effect of SKA2 gene on hematopoietic maturation. METHODS At first, 142 samples were divided into term and preterm. After sampling from the umbilical cord blood, the expression of SKA2 genes and HbA and F were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The blood gases were measured by Campact 3 device. Finally, cortisol level was measured by ELISA method and HbA and F levels were investigated by capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS The blood gases and Apgar scores was more favorable in term newborns (P less then 0.001). Levels of protein/expression of HbF in newborns with Apgar score greater than 7 was lower than that of the newborns with Apgar score below 7 (P less then 0.001). Cortisol and HbA levels were considerably higher in term newborns compared to the preterm ones (P less then 0.001). In the preterm and term groups, SKA2 gene expression had a positive and significant relationship with cortisol and HbA levels as well as a negative relationship with HbF level. In the preterm group, a positive and significant relationship was observed between the expression of SKA2 and HbF genes. CONCLUSION The results revealed that the SKA2 gene affected on hematopoietic maturation in preterm and term newborns and the health outcome of newborns improved by increasing HbA level. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Cancer contributes to significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in treatment and supportive care. There is a need for identification of effective anticancer agents. Reptiles such as tortoise, python, and water monitor lizards are exposed to heavy metals, tolerate high levels of radiation, feed on rotten/germ-infested feed, thrive in unsanitary habitat and yet have prolonged lifespans. Such species are rarely reported to develop cancer, suggesting presence of anticancer molecules/mechanisms. METHODS Here, we tested effects from sera of Asian water monitor lizard (Varanus salvator), python (Malayopython reticulatus) and tortoise (Cuora kamaroma amboinensis) against cancer cells. Sera were collected and cytotoxicity assays were performed using prostate cancer cells (PC3), Henrietta Lacks cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) and human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7) as well as human keratinized skin cells (Hacat), by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release as indicator for cell death. Gro. Etomoxir supplier CONCLUSION To our knowledge, for the first time we report comprehensive analyses of selected reptiles' sera using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry leading to identification of potentially novel anticancer agents. We hope that the discovery of molecules from these animals will pave the way for the rational development of new anticancer agents. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although the anticancer potentials of water insoluble drugs are improved by nanoformulation, other intervening factors may contribute in the drug efficacy. This work was designated to explore the effect of paclitaxel-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles on the viability of cancer cells, the expression of Taxol resistance gene I (TXR1) and paclitaxel metabolizing genes. METHODS Paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) were prepared, physically characterized and used in treatment of breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and hepatoma cells (HepG2). Cells viability and apoptosis were investigated. In parallel, RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed and used to monitor the expression levels of TXR1, CYP 3A4 and CYP2C8 genes. RESULTS PTX-NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy as a nano size sphere-like shape. FTIR analysis revealed good coupling between PTX and PLGA. The encapsulation efficiency was 99% and the drug release demonstrated a progressive releasing phase followed by slower and sustained releasing phase. Although HepG2 cells demonstrated more resistance to PTX than MCF-7 cells, both cell types were more responsive to PTX-NPS compared to PTX. The IC50 values decreased from 19.3 to 6.7 in breast cancer cells and from 42.5 to 13.1 g/ml in hepatoma cells. The apoptosis was the key mechanism in both cells, where at least 44% of cells underwent apoptosis. The expression of TXR1 decreased when either cells were treated to PTX-NPs, respectively, meanwhile the expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 were increased. CONCLUSION Taken together, this in vitro study reports the associations between the enhanced responsiveness of MCF-7 and HepG2 cells to PLGA-loaded paclitaxel nanoparticles and the accompanying decrease in cells resistance to the PTX and its enhanced metabolism. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND The Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) alone is responsible for the sovereignty of demises worldwide related to the other cancers.ROS1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), eminently recognized as the stereotyped oncogenic driver. These RTKs trigger an array of physiological regulations via cellular signal transduction pathways which are crucial for the cancer development. This attributed ROS1 as an appealing and potential target towards the targeted cancer therapy. The aim of the present research is to propound out an effective contemporary inhibitor for targeting ROS1 with a high affinity. METHODS Molegro Virtual Docker(MVD) provided a flexible docking platform to find out the best established drug as an inhibitor for targeting ROS1. A similarity search was accomplished against the PubChem database to acquire the corresponding inhibitor compounds with reference to the Entrectinib (PubChem ID 25141092). These compounds were docked to procure the high affinity inhibitor for the target protein via virtual screening. A comparative study between the control molecule(PubChem ID 25141092)and the virtual screened compound(PubChem ID25175866) was performed for the relative analysis of their salient features, which involved pharmacophore mapping, ADMET profiling and BOILED-Egg plot. RESULTS The virtual screened compound (PubChem ID-25175866) possess the lowest rerank score (-126.623) and the comparative ADMET analysis also shows that it is a potential and effective inhibitor for ROS1 among the selected inhibitors. CONCLUSION The present study provided a scope for the ROS1 inhibitor as a significant prevention for the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It can be upheld for the future studies as a promising support via in vivo studies. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Blood pressure is a highly controlled cardiovascular parameter that normally guarantees an adequate blood supply to all body tissues. This parameter is mainly regulated by vascular peripheral resistance and is maintained by local mediators (i.e., autacoids), and by the nervous and endocrine systems. Regarding the nervous system, blood pressure can be modulated at central level by regulating the autonomic output. However, at peripheral level there exists a modulation by activation of prejunctional monoaminergic receptors in autonomic- or sensory-perivascular fibers. These modulatory mechanisms on resistance blood vessels exert an effect on the release of neuroactive substances from the autonomic or sensory fibers that modify blood pressure. Certainly, resistance blood vessels are innervated by perivascular (i) autonomic sympathetic fibers (producing vasoconstriction mainly by noradrenaline release); and (ii) peptidergic sensory fibers [producing vasodilatation mainly by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) release]. In the last years, by using pithed rats, several monoaminergic mechanisms for controlling both the sympathetic and sensory perivascular outflows have been elucidated. Additionally, several studies have shown the functions of many monoaminergic auto-receptors and hetero-receptors expressed on perivascular fibers that modulate neurotransmitter release. On this basis, the present review (i) summarizes the modulation of the peripheral vascular tone by adrenergic, serotoninergic, dopaminergic, and histaminergic receptors on perivascular autonomic (sympathetic) and sensory fibers, and (ii) highlights that these monoaminergic receptors are potential therapeutic targets for the development of novel medications to treat cardiovascular diseases (with some of them explored in clinical trials or already in clinical use). Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.