Santosrowe4110
05), higher MK
(P < 10
), and lower MK
(P < .05). Compared with the TZ, tissue in the PZ showed lower MD (P < 10
) and higher MK
(P < 10
). No significant differences were found between cancers of different Gleason scores, possibly because of the limited sample size.
Tensor-valued diffusion encoding enabled mapping of MK
and MK
in the prostate. The elevated MK
in PCa compared with normal tissues suggests an elevated heterogeneity in the cancers. Increased in-plane resolution could improve tumor delineation in future studies.
Tensor-valued diffusion encoding enabled mapping of MKA and MKI in the prostate. The elevated MKI in PCa compared with normal tissues suggests an elevated heterogeneity in the cancers. Increased in-plane resolution could improve tumor delineation in future studies.
Segmented echo-planar imaging enables high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). However, phase differences between segments can lead to severe artifacts. ABT-199 in vitro This work investigates an algorithm to enable reconstruction of interleaved segmented acquisitions without the need of additional calibration or navigator measurements.
A parallel imaging algorithm is presented that jointly reconstructs all segments of one DWI frame maintaining their phase information. Therefore, the algorithm allows for an iterative improvement of the phase estimates included in the joint reconstruction. Given a limited number of interleaves, the initial-phase estimates can be calculated by a traditional parallel-imaging reconstruction, using the unweighted scan of the DWI measurement as a reference.
Reconstruction of phantom data and g-factor simulations show substantial improvement (up to 93% reduction in root mean square error) compared with a generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel-acquisition reconstruction. In vivo experiments show robust reconstruction outcomes in critical imaging situations, including small numbers of receiver channels or low signal-to-noise ratio.
An algorithm for the robust reconstruction of segmented DWI data is presented. The method requires neither navigator nor calibration measurements; therefore, it can be applied to existing DWI data sets.
An algorithm for the robust reconstruction of segmented DWI data is presented. The method requires neither navigator nor calibration measurements; therefore, it can be applied to existing DWI data sets.
We report the early and long-term results of the strategies and surgical methods used in our center to treat pediatric patients who underwent surgical intervention to correct Ebstein anomaly (EA) in our center.
In our study, a consecutive sample of 29 patients who underwent surgery for EA between February 2011 and February 2020 in our center were evaluated retrospectively.
The 29 patients underwent a total of 40 operations. Univentricular repair was performed in 5 (17.2%), 1.5 ventricular repair in 5 (17.2%), and biventricular repair in the remaining 19 (65.5%) patients. Cone reconstruction (CR) was performed in eight (27.5%), non-Cone tricuspid valve (TV) repair technique in five (17.2%), ring annuloplasty in two (6.9%), and TV replacement in two patients (6.9%) who had undergone biventricular repair. In two patients (6.9%), only close an atrial septal defect. Two (6.9%) patients underwent a second operation for advanced tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the early period. None of the 15 patients who undets demonstrated an acceptable survival rate, low mortality in the early postoperative period, and low incidence of re-intervention and morbidity.
Human parvovirus B19 (B19) is a pathogen that threatens the quality of plasma products. Therefore, health authorities have mandated measures against B19 contamination of plasma pools. The US FDA has recommended a B19 genome level of 10
IU/ml or lower in pooled plasma lots. Therefore, the B19 nucleic acid amplification test (B19-NAT) has been introduced in many plasma fractionators. However, in the Japanese Red Cross, which is the only approved blood collector in Japan, the B19 antigen test has been introduced for screening donated blood in Japan. Therefore, to clarify whether the antigen test is robust enough to screen blood samples according to the FDA recommendation, we evaluated B19 genome levels in each pooled plasma lot from 2003 to 2020.
Data of 5576 pooled plasma lots from factories A and B, which were derived from plasma bags and passed the B19 antigen-based tests, receptor-mediated hemagglutination assay (B19-RHA), or chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (B19-CLEIA), during 2003 to 2020, were evaluated. The amount of B19 genome in each lot was determined using quantitative or semiquantitative B19-NAT.
The B19 genome levels in pooled plasma lots screened using B19-RHA did not meet the FDA recommendation, whereas the lots derived from B19-CLEIA fulfilled the FDA recommendation, even during the B19 epidemic in Japan.
The results suggest that the B19-CLEIA donor screening for plasma pools is also useful in light of the US FDA recommendation.
The results suggest that the B19-CLEIA donor screening for plasma pools is also useful in light of the US FDA recommendation.
To assess the vessel size specificity and sensitivity of rapid CPMG and GRASE for functional BOLD imaging for different echo train lengths, echo spacings, field strength, and refocusing flip angle schemes. In addition, the behavior of signals acquired before and after the refocusing time points is analyzed.
Evolution of magnetization within a network of artificial cylinders is simulated with Monte Carlo methods for all relevant coherence pathways. In addition, measurements on microspheres were performed to confirm some of the theoretical results.
For reduced refocusing flip angles, the peak of the vessel size sensitivity curve is shifting toward larger radii with increasing echo time. Furthermore, the BOLD-related signal change along the echo train depends on the chosen refocusing flip angle scheme and in general does not follow corresponding echo amplitudes.
CPMG or GRASE can be used with low refocusing flip angles without significant loss of sensitivity to BOLD. The evolution of BOLD signal changes along the echo train can be used to design optimal k-space reordering schemes.
