Sanderhuffman1219

44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36-0.52], p less then 0.001). The effect of DES on TLR was limited in time to the first 2 years in the study with no evidence of a later rebound effect. selleckchem The reduction in TLR after DES insertion was consistent across subgroups defined by gender, age, diabetes status, renal function, and lesion and stent characteristics. The number needed to treat with DES (vs. BMS) to prevent 1 TLR ranged from 4 to 110 across clinically relevant subgroups. CONCLUSION DES have a time-limited effect on the rate of TLR, but with a substantial and highly significant reduction in the first 2 years after the procedure. This effect was found to be consistent across all important clinical subgroups. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.INTRODUCTION It is still disputable whether specific morphometric features of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) may stratify patients by the related probability that a discovered PFO is incidental or stroke related. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine whether certain morphometrical characteristics of PFO are associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular accidents, using a meta-analytical approach. METHODS We performed a systematic review of electronic databases for studies that compared morphometric parameters of PFO assessed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in subjects with cryptogenic cerebrovascular accidents (Group 1) and control (Group 2). Data were extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 895 patients with PFO were reported (Group 1 493, Group 2 402). No difference was found in the PFO channel length (Group 1 10.8 [8.6-12.9] mm vs. Group 2 10.4 [9.1-11.7] mm), as well as in PFO height measured at rest (Group 1 2.4 [1.5-3.3] mm vs. Group 2 1.8 [1.4-2.2] mm). The PFO height measured during a Valsalva maneuver was larger in Group 1 (3.5 [2.8-4.1] mm) than in Group 2 (1.7 [1.2-2.2] mm). Also, the septal excursion distance was found to be larger in Group 1 (6.4 [5.1-7.8] mm) than in Group 2 (3.1 [1.8-4.4] mm). The risk of cerebrovascular accident was higher in patients with PFO and concomitant septal aneurysm (OR 4.00; 95% CI 2.63-6.09; p less then 0.001) and with large right-to-left shunt PFO (OR 3.81; 95% CI 2.21-6.55; p less then 0.001), no such relationship was found for the presence of a Eustachian valve or Chiari's network (OR 1.90; 95% CI 0.90-4.05; p = 0.094). CONCLUSIONS The TEE may help in identifying PFO that are of high risk of cerebrovascular accident. Greater PFO height during a Valsalva maneuver, larger septal excursion distance, concomitant atrial septal aneurysm, and large right-to-left shunt are associated with stroke-related PFOs. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Since its introduction in 1996, the Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) has been upgraded with several improved generations of processors. As all systems are compatible, implanted patients can benefit from new technologies by upgrading to the newest processor type available. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the new (current) SAMBA processor with the previous Amadé processor. METHODS Twenty subjects monaurally implanted with a VSB and the Amadé processor tested the new SAMBA processor for a trial period of 4 weeks. We measured air conduction and bone conduction thresholds, unaided thresholds, and aided free field thresholds with both devices. Speech performance in quiet using the Freiburg monosyllabic test at 65 dB SPL (S0) was compared. The speech intelligibility in noise was determined using the Oldenburg sentence test measured in different listening conditions (S0NVSB/S0Ncontra) and microphone settings (omni/directional vs. adaptive directivity). RESULTS Word recognition scores in quiet with the SAMBA were still significantly lower than with the Amadé after the 4 weeks trial period but improved over the following year. Speech intelligibility with the SAMBA was significantly better than with the Amadé in omnidirectional mode and comparable with the Amadé in directional mode. Hence, the adaptive directionality provides an advantage in difficult hearing situations such as noisy environments. The subjective benefit was evaluated using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities-C questionnaire. Results of the questionnaires demonstrate an overall higher level of satisfaction with the new SAMBA speech processor than with the older processor. CONCLUSION The SAMBA enables similar speech perception in quiet but more flexible adaptation in acoustically challenging environments compared to the previous Amadé processor. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess left ventricular (LV) energy loss (EL), circulation and vortex area using vector flow mapping (VFM) in patients with latent obstructive hyper-trophic cardiomyopathy (LOHCM) and nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (NOHCM). METHODS Fourteen LOHCM patients, 10 NOHCM patients, and 11 healthy individuals were evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography. An offline VFM workstation was used to analyze the LV blood flow patterns and fluid dynamics. The hemodynamic parameters, EL, circulation, and vortex area in 7 cardiac phases were calculated and analyzed. RESULTS Compared with controls and NOHCM patients, EL was significantly higher in -LOHCM patients during the rapid ejection phase, slow ejection (SE) phase, and isovolumetric relaxation phase (p less then 0.05). LOHCM patients also showed increased circulation during SE compared to the other two groups (p less then 0.05). The ability to discriminate between NOHCM and LOHCM was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and EL during SE was found to have the largest AUC (0.964); the best cutoff value was 6.34 J/m3/s, with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 80%. CONCLUSIONS The VFM technique can detect abnormal changes of LV EL and vortex characteristics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. Compared with controls and NOHCM patients, the LOHCM patients have worse systolic and diastolic functions. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND The modified Blair incision is the standard facial incision for the vast majority of parotid gland lesions. We utilize three types of incisions "classic mini-Blair" for parotid body tumors, "cervical mini-Blair" for parotid tail tumors, and "vertical mini-Blair" for anterior parotid tumors. In this study, we describe the surgical and esthetic outcomes of these individually tailored incisions. METHODS Patients undergoing parotidectomy between 2011 and 2013 were included. The surgical outcomes and patients' satisfaction were assessed. RESULTS Of 122 patients, 89 were included. All patients completed a questionnaire assessing the postoperative course and patients' satisfaction regarding the surgery in general and the scar in particular. Among these patients, 78 (87%) had a benign pathology and 11 (13%) had malignant tumors. The tumors were located at the parotid body in 57 patients (64%), at the parotid tail in 19 (21%), at the deep lobe in 8 (9%), and at the anterior parotid gland in 5 (6%). All tumors were removed successfully with negative margins on pathology.