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Previous evidence has shown that psychological stress can trigger the onset of autoimmune disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of stressful life events preceding the onset of symptoms in female primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) in China compared to controls and the possible associations of stressful life events with disease activity.

This was a hospital-based retrospective case-control study. Sixty-seven consecutive female pSS patients and an equal number of age-matched (± 3 years) healthy controls were recruited for assessment using the related Stressful Life Events Scale. The pSS disease activity was measured by the EULAR Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 23, using chi-square, univariate logistic regression, multiple logistic regression, and partial correlation.

A higher number of negative stressful life events before disease onset in pSS patients compared with healthy controls suggest that these play a role in increasing the risk of disease occurrence (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.87-3.58,

< 0.05). The number of positive life events did not differ between the two groups. Both the number and severity of the negative stressful life events were also significantly correlated with disease activity.

Patients with pSS experienced more negative stressful life events in the year preceding the onset of symptoms than controls. Negative stressful life events before symptom onset may be risk factors for pSS and may affect pSS disease activity.

Patients with pSS experienced more negative stressful life events in the year preceding the onset of symptoms than controls. Negative stressful life events before symptom onset may be risk factors for pSS and may affect pSS disease activity.

To describe the clinical manifestation, immunotherapy, and long-term outcomes of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis.

This study was a retrospective analysis of 117 patients with a diagnosis of anti-LGI1 encephalitis identified from the databases of multiple clinical centers between September 2014 and December 2019. The clinical features, ancillary test results, and details of long-term outcomes were evaluated.

Among the 117 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, 69.2% (81/117) were male and 30.8% (36/117) were female. The median age of all patients at the onset of the disease was 57 years (interquartile range [IQR], 52-67). The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 8.7 weeks (IQR, 4.2-25). The main clinical features identified were seizures, cognitive impairment, and mental and behavioral abnormalities. Of the 117 patients, 109 were treated with immunotherapy. Symptoms including memory, mental ability, and behavior improved in all 109 patients after 3-5 days of treatment. The median time of follow-up for the treated patients was 33 months (IQR, 17-42). Of the treated patients, 16.2% (19/117) experienced a relapse, with a median delay of 5 months (IQR, 2.1-17) between onset and the first relapse. There were no mortalities over the follow-up period.

The long-term outcome of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis was mostly favorable, although some patients continued to experience cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition is important for prompt initiation of immunotherapy that can improve clinical symptoms of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.

The long-term outcome of patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis was mostly favorable, although some patients continued to experience cognitive dysfunction. Early recognition is important for prompt initiation of immunotherapy that can improve clinical symptoms of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.

To investigate the associations between concentrations of Aβ

and Aβ

and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients and evaluate the value of combination of levels of Aβ

or Aβ

and the total CSVD score in predicting VCI.

A total of 199 CSVD patients were divided into VCI group and non-VCI group according to the criteria of VCI. Demographic data, MRI markers of CSVD, blood pressure, vascular risk factors, laboratory markers, and serum Aβ

and Aβ

concentration were collected. Univariate analysis was performed with the Student's

-test, Mann-Whitney

-test or Chi-square test. compound 78c manufacturer Variables with

<0.10 in univariate analysis were then included in multivariate analysis that used a backward stepwise logistic regression model. The predictive values were assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

VCI was determined in 112 CSVD patients (56.3%). Hyperlipidemia (OR 1.618, 95% CI 1.265-3.049), the total CSVD score (OR 1.414, 95% CI 1.213-2.278) and serum Aβ

concentration (OR 1.401, 95% CI 1.212-1.946) were independent risk factors for VCI in CSVD patients with adjustment for age, education years, diabetes and fasting blood-glucose (FBG). The area under curves (AUCs) were 0.640 (SE 0.040, 95% CI 0.563-0.718), 0.733 (SE 0.035, 95% CI 0.664-0.802) and 0.827 (SE 0.030, 95% CI 0.768-0.887), respectively, for the total CSVD score, serum Aβ

concentration and their combination applied in predicting VCI in CSVD patients.

test demonstrated that the AUC of combination prediction was significantly higher than individual prediction (0.827 vs 0.640,

=3.740,

<0.001; 0.827 vs 0.733,

=2.039,

=0.021).

Combination of Aβ

and total CSVD score could significantly elevate the predictive value of cognitive impairment in CSVD patients.

Combination of Aβ42 and total CSVD score could significantly elevate the predictive value of cognitive impairment in CSVD patients.

To analyze the changes in white matter tracts in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD), and the correlation between these changes and the depressive state.

The numbers of white matter tracts and corresponding fractional anisotropy (FA) in the acute phase (the onset time <72 hours) were examined in each subject by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTT), a new development of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), enables visualization of white matter fiber tracts, which are thought to be closely related to the occurrence of PSD, According to the scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) recorded at the 2nd week, 1st month, 3rd month, 6th month, and 12th month, forty patients were randomly selected and were classified into PSD group (n=20), non-depression post-stroke group (N-PSD, n=20), and control normal group (NORM, n=20), respectively. Correlations between the number of bundles (lines) in the white matter tract and corresponding FA, and HAMD score were finally assessed.

1) FAs of the ipsilesional crossed corticocerebellar tract, the corticospinal tract, and the anterior thalamic radiation in PSD group were significantly lower than those in N-PSD and NORM groups (

<0.