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INTRODUCTION Gambling disorder is recognized as a psychiatric disorder. It is shown that the prevalence of pathological gambling is on the rise among university students, especially involving students attending the nursing degree course. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of gambling's problem and to analyze the associated factors in the population of nursing students at the University of Palermo. MATERIAL AND METHODS It's a cross-sectional study. In April 2019, a self-administered, anonymous and voluntary questionnaire was provided to students who attend daily lessons of the 3-years nursing degree course of University of Palermo, after they gave informed consent. The questionnaire investigates on socio-demographic information, year of study, the perception of the economic and health status, alcohol use disorders and gambling problems. RESULTS The average age of the sample is 22.0 years (standard deviation ±4.3), 67.6% of the interviewees are women. The analysis shows that the risk to be "Player at risk/Moderate gambling problems/Serious game problems" is significantly associated with the following independent variables male gender (aOR 5.15); "Do you live with your family? No" (aOR 2.98); "perceived health status low" (aOR 2.51); "Risky consumption of alcohol At Risk" (aOR 3.40). CONCLUSIONS It is important to develop an effective gambling prevention program that will reduce the risk that youths will develop gambling problems. Participation in the prevention program significantly improves youths' attitudes and knowledge regarding gambling activities.BACKGROUND The lack of a consistent national regulation regarding gym facilities, combined with the growth and transformation of the world of fitness, has led to an uncontrolled situation, where, especially in metropolitan areas, low cost gyms are continuously popping up, often not respecting the structural and hygienic requirements. AIM OF THE STUDY Objective of this study is to evaluate the results of a monitoring programme about the gym environment, to highlight the main critical issues. METHODS In 2018 a randomized sample of 90 gyms was inspected in Milan, using a checklist with three sections of inquiry and the resulting data were analysed through a series of multivariate regression models. RESULTS As per the various aspects analysed, many outcomes with low scores concerned franchised gyms, which have shown to be unsatisfactory in many respects; in addition, the lack of L. pneumophila risk containment procedures has been observed in the facilities without a swimming pool, compared to those with it. CONCLUSIONS The study results offer a clear picture of the gym environment, identifying many inadequacies for different hygienic and safety aspects; therefore, it has been possible to understand which issues need particular attention in order normalize the situation, which should be checked by future investigative steps.BACKGROUND In daily clinical practice, healthcare workers face end-of-life issues, such as futility, which is generally defined as the provision of treatments that do not produce any meaningful benefit for patients. MI-773 mouse STUDY DESIGN To investigate the end-of-life issues according to Italian nurses' and physicians' opinions and to detect any differences between them, a secondary analysis of existing data from a cross-sectional study was conducted. METHODS A validated questionnaire was used involving 351 nurses and 128 physicians from four hospitals in Central Italy. RESULTS Regarding the definition of futility, nurses mainly focused on agony, suffering, and risks, while physicians paid more attention to the hope of healing. Nevertheless, both were distressed by different aspects of the treatments; in particular, nurses by the 'invasiveness of the treatments' and physicians by the 'over-medicalization of death'. Instead, nurses and physicians similarly recognized patients' right to seek to anticipate the end of life when they are terminally-ill and to express freely their desire not to be revived. CONCLUSIONS The description of experiences and opinions of health professionals could represent a valid basis to develop a 'regulatory system' aimed to guide and support daily clinical and nursing activities.BACKGROUND Health literacy is peoples' capacity to receive, process, and utilize basic health information which is necessary for proper decisions. OBJECTIVE Assessing the Health Literacy level on controlling systolic and diastolic hypertension is the main goal of this study. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, multistage cluster sampling was used to recruit 210 people affected by hypertension in Tabriz City, Iran. The data collection tool was a Health Literacy questionnaire. Among the Health Literacy dimension, such as the ability to access health information, reading health information, understanding health information, appraisal of health information, and decision making the SEM model has been utilized as a mediator variable in order to verify these variables on controlling the size of blood pressure to address the specific aims of study based on the Health Litercy. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between all Health Literacy dimensions and systolic hypertension (p less then 0.05). Also, the ability to access health information was the statistically significant predictor of decision making (R=0.335; p-value=0.012) and of systolic hypertension (R=-0.275; p-value=0.025). None of the Health Literacy dimensions revealed significant correlations with diastolic hypertension (p less then 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adequate Health Literacy is a helpful factor to control hypertension in hypertensive patients. Therefore, improving Health Literacy, especially, facilitating the patients' access to health information, should be considered as an important factor of hypertension management.BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires a person with diabetes to make a multitude of daily self-management decisions and perform complex care activities. The aim of this study was to explore the determinants of self-care factors among type 2 diabetic patients using the extended theory of reasoned action (ETRA). STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS This study was conducted among 200 patients with type 2 diabetes. To measure self-care behaviors in type 2 diabetic patients, a questionnaire based on the ETRA was used, which included knowledge, subjective norms, attitudes toward the behavior, behavioral intention, and self-efficacy. The overall Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to identify the determinant structures of behavioral intentions and finally self-care estimated from attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy in type 2 diabetic patients. RESULTS Attitude to self-care behaviors (standardized regression weight=0.322; p less then 0.001) and self-efficacy (standardized regression weight=0.