Sahlnicolajsen0727

The rapid economic development in China places a large demand for energy, and as a result, thermal power plants in China are producing an enormous amount of coal fly ash (CFA) which causes severe environmental pollution. This paper briefly describes the current production and utilization status of CFA in China and identifies the challenges confronting sustainable CFA utilization as the Chinese economy is being transformed. These issues include a regional imbalance in supply and demand, reducing demand in the real estate industry as well as stricter laws for environmental protection. Viable directions for future CFA utilization are proposed, for example, production of CFA-based ceramic tiles, recovery of elemental resources, agricultural melioration, treatment of wastewater and flue gas, and production of high-volume CFA concretes. This paper has some guiding significance for sustainable and cleaner utilization of CFA in China and even worldwide. Graphical abstract.Reversible hydrogen storage in MgH2 under specified conditions is a possible way for the positive reception of hydrogen economy, in which the developments of cheap and highly efficient catalysts are the major challenge, still now. Herein, MgH2 - x wt% MM (x = 0, 10, 20, 30) nanomaterials are prepared via ball milling method and has been evaluated for the hydrogen storage performance, which are characterized by XRD, SEM and DTA/DSC. The hydrogen absorption properties of nanomaterials are measured by pressure composition isotherm, and analysis show that the MgH2 - 30 wt% MM nanomaterials have the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity (~ 3.27 wt% at 300 °C) than MgH2. The activation energy of nanomaterials is remarkably changed by the introduction of MM as additives in MgH2.Gastric ulcer is a worldwide disease. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections that induce chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa, mediated by an array of pro-and inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on gastric ulcer induced by ammonium hydroxide in rats and the potential underlying mechanisms. The study was done on 32 adult male Wistar albino rats, divided equally into 4 groups normal control, gastric ulcer-induced group using 1 ml of 1% NH4OH orally, ulcer control group; rats received 1% carboxymethyl cellulose daily for 14 days after induction of ulcer and treated rats received orally 200 mg/kg Ginkgo biloba once daily for 14 days after induction of ulcer. The study revealed administration of ammonia showed multiple gastric lesions; edema, hyperemia, hemorrhage, and ulcers with a significant increase in ulcer score, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), mucus amount, and gastric pH. After the administration of Ginkgo biloba, there was an improvement in gastric lesions, with a significant reduction of ulcer score, MPO, and IL-1β and a significant increase in GSH, mucus content, and gastric pH. Moreover, collagen types I and IV were gradually increased in the treated group.Free-living amoebae (FLA) including Acanthamoeba spp., Naegleria fowleri, and Balamuthia mandrillaris are among the many waterborne parasites. DNA Repair inhibitor There is not much known about the possible FLA contamination of the irrigation resources watering crops and agricultural lands in this country. Forty-five water samples were collected from water canals used for irrigation of farmlands and tested for the presence of pathogenic FLA using morphological and molecular-based methodology. The ITS region of Naegleria species was sequenced and a phylogenetic tree was generated to confirm the genetic associations and taxonomic status of the identified Naegleria spp. A total of seven (15.5%) samples were positive for FLA. Molecular analyses identified two strains as N. philippinensis (isolates PW1 and PW2) isolated from irrigation treated water. One strain showed high homology with N. americana (isolate PW3). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first study to isolate the two strains of N. philippinensis and N. americana from agricultural waters in Iran. The presence of the FLA in irrigation waters should be considered a potential health threat for exposed farmers and other people.In this study, ZnCl2, H3PO4, and FeCl3 were used as activating agents to prepare porous carbons (PC-ZnCl2, PC-H3PO4, and PC-FeCl3) from cotton textile wastes at a relativity low temperature. The morphology and structure of carbons were characterized by SEM and XRD demonstrating that carbons with porous property were successfully obtained. Textural properties showed that the PC-ZnCl2 possessed the largest specific surface area of 1854.70 m2 g-1 with mesopores domination. Both of micropores and mesopores existed in PC-H3PO4. Micropores were well developed in PC-FeCl3, and the proportion of which was the highest. The FTIR and pHpzc analysis indicated that all the carbons had acidic characteristics, and more acid functional groups were appeared on the PC-FeCl3 than others. The different pyrolysis activation paths were proposed by the thermogravimetric analysis, which proved that the addition of activating agents promoted the formation of pores, lowered the pyrolysis temperature of cotton textile wastes, and inhibited the production of volatiles. The results of adsorption kinetics and isotherm revealed that PC-ZnCl2 exhibited the best adsorption capacity of Cr(VI), and chemical adsorption played a significant role. Meanwhile, surface functional groups of porous carbons also participated in the Cr(VI) adsorption via electrostatic interaction and reduction reaction. Graphical abstract.Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a recalcitrant substrate for anaerobic digestion due to its complex nature that limits its biological degradation. Therefore, suitable preprocessing for the improvement of the performance of conventional anaerobic digestion remains a challenge in the development of anaerobic digestion technology. The physical and chemical characteristics of wheat straw (WS), as a representative lignocellulosic biomass, have a significant impact on the anaerobic digestion process in terms of quantity and quality of the produced biogas. This study aimed at investigating the enzymatic saccharification and detoxification of straw prior to anaerobic digestion with the final objective of enhancing the performance of conventional anaerobic systems of recalcitrant fractions of agricultural waste. The experimental activity was performed in lab and pilot scale treating WS. Alkaline delignification of straw using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was studied prior to enzymatic hydrolysis for the production of easily biodegradable sugars.