Sahinelgaard8647

After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that there is a mistake in the article note.BACKGROUND This study investigated neutrophil activation and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps formation in coronary artery ectasia. METHODS We enrolled 90 patients who underwent coronary angiography, and included 30 patients with coronary artery ectasia (CAE), 30 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and 30 patients with normal coronary arteries (CON). Intra-neutrophil mean myeloperoxidase index (MPXI) was determined using an automated blood cell counter (ADVIA2120 Hematology System). Serum concentrations of plasma adhesion molecules, cytokines, and neutrophil-derived extracellular traps were quantified. RESULTS The intra-neutrophil mean myeloperoxidase index was reduced in CAE patients compared to CAD and CON patients (1.02 ± 3.01, 3.22 ± 3.03, 3.52 ± 4.25, respectively; CAE vs CAD, p = 0.016 and CAE vs CON, p = 0.007). IACS-010759 molecular weight Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that MPXI and dsDNA were independent factors that predicted the presence of CAE. CAE patients had higher levels of plasma adhesion molecules (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, E-selectin, L-selectin) and interleukin 1 beta levels. Neutrophil extracellular trap concentrations were significantly higher in the CAE group compared to CAD and CON patients (284.31(258.33-449.91) ng/mL, 225.12(203.34-257.13) ng/mL, and 247.37(231.04-273.01) ng/mL, respectively; CAE vs CAD, p = 0.000 and CAE vs CON, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Peripheral neutrophils from CAE patients were activated and neutrophil extracellular traps were elevated in the plasma. IL-1β and soluble adhesion molecules may be the causal factors for neutrophil activation.BACKGROUND The cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) as the largest enzyme family of plant metabolism participate in various physiological processes, whereas no study has demonstrated interest in comprehensive comparison of the genes in wheat and maize. Genome-wide survey, characterization and comparison of wheat and maize CYP450 gene superfamily are useful for genetic manipulation of the Gramineae crops. RESULTS In total, 1285 and 263 full-length CYP450s were identified in wheat and maize, respectively. According to standard nomenclature, wheat CYP450s (TaCYP450s) were categorized into 45 families, while maize CYP450s (ZmCYP450s) into 43 families. A comprehensive analysis of wheat and maize CYP450s, involved in functional domains, conserved motifs, phylogeny, gene structures, chromosome locations and duplicated events was performed. The result showed that each family/subfamily in both species exhibited characteristic features, suggesting their phylogenetic relationship and the potential divergence in their functions. F and some co-expressed genes that likely take part in the same biochemical pathway were identified. For instance, the expression of TaCYP74A98_4D was highly correlated with TaLOX9, TaLOX36, TaLOX39, TaLOX44 and TaOPR8, and all of them may be involved in jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis. TaCYP73A201_3A showed coexpression with TaPAL1.25, TaCCoAOMT1.2, TaCOMT.1, TaCCR1.6 and TaLAC5, which probably act in the wheat stem and/or root lignin synthesis pathway. CONCLUSION Our study first established systematic information about evolutionary relationship, expression pattern and function characterization of CYP450s in wheat and maize.BACKGROUND The evidence base for the widely accepted standard regimen of succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction (1.0 mg kg- 1) remains unclear. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing any succinylcholine regimen with the standard regimen (1.0 mg kg- 1) and reporting on intubating conditions and/or apnoea times. Results were expressed as absolute risk differences (ARD) for dichotomous data and mean differences (MD) for continuous data. RESULTS We retrieved six trials with relevant data of 864 patients (ASA 1 or 2, aged 18-65 years, body mass index less then  30 kg m- 2). Four regimens (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 mg kg- 1) were compared with 1.0 mg kg- 1 in at least three trials each, and three (0.8, 1.5, 2 mg kg- 1) in one each. With 0.3 to 0.5 mg kg- 1, the likelihood of excellent intubating conditions was significantly decreased (ARD - 22% to - 67%). With 0.3 and 0.4 mg kg- 1, but not with 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.5 and 2.0 mg kg- 1, the likelihood of unacceptable intubating conditions was significantly increased (ARD + 22% and + 32%, respectively). With 2.0 mg kg- 1, but not with 0.8 or 1.5 mg kg- 1, the likelihood of excellent intubating conditions was significantly increased (ARD + 23%). Apnoea times were significantly shorter with regimens ≤0.8 mg kg- 1 (MD - 1.0 to - 3.4 min) but were not reported with 1.5 or 2.0 mg kg- 1. CONCLUSIONS With succinylcholine regimens ≤0.5 mg kg- 1, excellent intubating conditions are less likely and apnoea times are shorter, compared with 1 mg kg- 1. With 0.3 and 0.4 mg kg- 1, unacceptable intubating conditions are more common. Succinylcholine 1.5 mg kg- 1 does not produce more often excellent conditions compared with 1 mg kg- 1, while 2.0 mg kg- 1 does, but the database with these regimens is weak and apnoea times remain unknown. Limited information size and strong statistical heterogeneity decrease the certainty of the evidence.BACKGROUNDS Cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) play multifaceted roles in plant physiological processes, especially with respect to signalling processes, plant development, and responses to environmental stresses. However, little information is known about the CNGC family in the large cosmopolitan family Rhamnaceae, which has strong tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. RESULTS In the current study, a total of 15 ZjCNGCs which located on 7 chromosomes were firstly identified in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), the most important species of Rhamnaceae in terms of economic and ecological values. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these ZjCNGCs could be classified into four groups, ZjCNGC12 belonged to group IVA, and ZjCNGC13, 14, 15 belonged to group IVB. In addition, the paralogous and orthologous homology duplication of ZjCNGC15 occurred during the evolutionary process. The characteristics of ZjCNGCs regarding to exon-intron numbers and post-translational modifications showed diversified structial roles in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, especially ZjCNGC2 mediated ZjMAPKK4 signalling transduction involved in cold stress. This systematic analysis could provide important information for further functional characterization of ZjCNGCs with the aim of breeding stress-resistant cultivars.BACKGROUND Genome assemblies are foundational for understanding the biology of a species. They provide a physical framework for mapping additional sequences, thereby enabling characterization of, for example, genomic diversity and differences in gene expression across individuals and tissue types. Quality metrics for genome assemblies gauge both the completeness and contiguity of an assembly and help provide confidence in downstream biological insights. To compare quality across multiple assemblies, a set of common metrics are typically calculated and then compared to one or more gold standard reference genomes. While several tools exist for calculating individual metrics, applications providing comprehensive evaluations of multiple assembly features are, perhaps surprisingly, lacking. Here, we describe a new toolkit that integrates multiple metrics to characterize both assembly and gene annotation quality in a way that enables comparison across multiple assemblies and assembly types. RESULTS Our application, named GenomeQC, is an easy-to-use and interactive web framework that integrates various quantitative measures to characterize genome assemblies and annotations. GenomeQC provides researchers with a comprehensive summary of these statistics and allows for benchmarking against gold standard reference assemblies. CONCLUSIONS The GenomeQC web application is implemented in R/Shiny version 1.5.9 and Python 3.6 and is freely available at https//genomeqc.maizegdb.org/ under the GPL license. All source code and a containerized version of the GenomeQC pipeline is available in the GitHub repository https//github.com/HuffordLab/GenomeQC.BACKGROUND Read coverage of RNA sequencing data reflects gene expression and RNA processing events. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) methods, particularly "full-length" ones, provide read coverage of many individual cells and have the potential to reveal cellular heterogeneity in RNA transcription and processing. However, visualization tools suited to highlighting cell-to-cell heterogeneity in read coverage are still lacking. RESULTS Here, we have developed Millefy, a tool for visualizing read coverage of scRNA-seq data in genomic contexts. Millefy is designed to show read coverage of all individual cells at once in genomic contexts and to highlight cell-to-cell heterogeneity in read coverage. By visualizing read coverage of all cells as a heat map and dynamically reordering cells based on diffusion maps, Millefy facilitates discovery of "local" region-specific, cell-to-cell heterogeneity in read coverage. We applied Millefy to scRNA-seq data sets of mouse embryonic stem cells and triple-negative breast cancers and showed variability of transcribed regions including antisense RNAs, 3 ' UTR lengths, and enhancer RNA transcription. CONCLUSIONS Millefy simplifies the examination of cellular heterogeneity in RNA transcription and processing events using scRNA-seq data. Millefy is available as an R package (https//github.com/yuifu/millefy) and as a Docker image for use with Jupyter Notebook (https//hub.docker.com/r/yuifu/datascience-notebook-millefy).BACKGROUND Buffalo milk is considered as a highly nutritious food owing to its higher contents of fatty acids (FA) and rich nutrient profile. Higher fat contents of buffalo milk make it suitable for processing to develop various healthy and nutritious products. Moreover, buffalo milk contains more unsaturated FAs (UFA) such as oleic and linolenic acid, which are important from the human health point of view owing to their desirable physiological effects. However, inadequate information is available about the chemical composition and mechanism of FA synthesis in buffalo milk. In this study, we hypothesized that expression of SCD1 gene could alter the biosynthesis of FA in epithelial cells of mammary gland and subsequently affect the FA contents in buffalo milk. We investigated the transcriptional and biological role of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1) in the buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) during FA and triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. RESULTS Results revealed that unsaturated fatty acid contents were much higher in concentration in buffalo milk as compared to Holstein cow. Significant increase in the expression level of FAS, ACACA, SREBP1, PPARG, GPAT, and AGPAT genes was observed in response to altered expression of SCD1 in buffalo milk. Moreover, change in SCD1 gene in BMECs also mediated the expression of genes related to FA biosynthesis subsequently leading to alter the FA composition. Overexpression of SCD1 significantly increased the expression of genes associated with FA and TAG synthesis leading to enhance FA and unsaturated FA contents in BMECs. However, down-regulation of SCD1 exhibited opposite consequences. CONCLUSION Our study provides mechanistic insights on transcriptional regulation of SCD1 to alter FA and TAG synthesis through directly or indirectly mediating biosynthesis and metabolic pathways in BMECs. We provide preliminary findings regarding engineering of FA contents in buffalo milk through SCD1 signaling.