Rushdahlgaard5210

Summary First results of clinical trials evaluating CPIs in MIBC demonstrate very promising results that warrant further investigation as they could revolutionize management of MIBC in the near future. The trend and hope are toward higher rates of safe and sustained bladder preservation.Purpose of review The aim of this article is to look into recent updates on the management of neurogenic stress urinary incontinence (NSUI) in adult females. Recent findings Recently, a small number of studies have investigated different surgical modalities in treatment of NSUI in adult females including artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), suburethral tapes (SUT) and adjustable slings and urethral bulking agents. Up to 70% of neurogenic patients who received AUS implants are continent and have not required surgical revision over a 20-year follow-up period. However, the risk for explantation of AUS may be twice as high in neurogenic patients compared with nonneurogenic patients. SUT have success and improvement in quality of life rates of up to 52 and 68%, respectively. However, complications may be as high as 24%. Early data on adjustable slings may suggest up to 80% continence with low complication rates. Summary AUS can provide satisfactory continence levels with acceptable rates of revision and explantation. SUT are effective but more than half of patients may require additional procedures. Adjustable slings could be a promising option. Further high-quality studies with careful attention to methodology and standardization of both definitions used and outcome reporting are required to help us reach safe conclusions.Purpose of review Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signalling, especially induced by FGFR3, is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of urothelial carcinoma and was therefore extensively studied over the last decades. In this review, we summarize the most relevant findings of the past two years. Recent findings Recent studies support the concept that FGFR3 mediates a pathway of urothelial carcinogenesis associated with low malignant potential. FGFR3 may represent a highly accurate biomarker for diagnosis and prediction of recurrence, progression or therapy response. The pan FGFR-inhibitor erdafitinib was recently approved for urothelial carcinoma, whereas several other FGFR-targeted drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials. Summary Numerous recent studies focus on the role of FGFR3 in different urothelial carcinoma subtypes and its potential clinical application as noninvasive biomarker, as well as therapeutic target.Purpose of review The standard treatment in metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is systemic, based on androgen deprivation therapy recommended in different forms, alone or combined with abiraterone acetate or docetaxel. The aim of this review is to synthesize the available data from literature regarding the optimal treatment of the primary in patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer. Recent findings Multimodal treatments offer the best chance for survival for these patients, but the optimal strategy lacks consensus. Using retrospective studies as an argument, recent articles sustain the clinical and oncological benefits of local therapies in hormone-naïve metastatic prostate cancer, represented by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy. Through these procedures, local control of disease can be achieved, thus avoiding potential complications and further surgical interventions. Even if the current results are not evenly relevant, the treatment of the primary along with metastasis-directed therapy could improve survival and even cure-selected patients. Summary This article emphasizes important aspects regarding a feasible management of mPCa, with possible impact on subsequent guidelines. The expected results from ongoing trials may provide another perspective in treatment of these cases.Purpose of review The aim of this article is to give an overview of recent literature on transitional care of children with complex urological disease. Recent findings Most studies on transitional care concerned spina bifida patients. Assessment of current practices revealed that formalized clinics for transitional care may improve healthcare. However, there is still little consensus among healthcare providers on how to organize transitional care. A widely recognized problem is a lack of interested, dedicated, and well-trained staff for transitional care and lifelong follow-up of complex urological patients and also a lack of funding. The timing of the pediatric urologist's transfer to adult care may be helped by measuring transitional readiness in adolescent patients. Outcomes could also expose specific issues as were patients need assistance or education. Introduction of a transitional protocol made patients feel more ready for transition. However, even in established transitional clinics, there is a lack of disease-specific awareness of sexuality and fertility issues among patients. Summary Although there is growing awareness of the importance of well-organized and protocolled transitional care for young patients with complex urological disease, this is by no means sufficiently implemented. Furthermore, there is shortage of dedicated and experienced healthcare providers and a lack of funding.Purpose of review Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a chronic condition, which can be treated by tibial nerve stimulation. The present review will focus on the technical aspects, advantages, drawbacks, and limitations of the latest available applications of posterior tibial nerve stimulation. selleck products Recent findings We describe the technical aspects of recent developed implants and techniques of tibial nerve stimulation in a transcutaneous, percutaneous, and minimal invasive way. All different treatment options have advantages and disadvantages based on type of surgery, energy transfer, impedance, treatment setting options, risk of migration, and patient usability, which are described in this review. Only devices with data that are publicly available were included. Summary New technologies are on their way in the field of tibial nerve stimulation for the treatment of OAB. Technical aspects are important to demonstrate safety and efficacy and user friendliness in order to obtain high acceptance of the various devices.