Rosenholloway2515

The logistic regression model showed predictive variables of the endotracheal tube duration after CABG in elderly patients over 65 years, including the history of smoking (1.179- 4.543, CI 95%, β=0.839, and, p=0.015), history of myocardial infarction (0.188- 1.019, CI 95%, p= 0.055, β= -0.827), and the left ventricular ejection fraction less than 50% (0.202-0752, CI 95%, p= 0.005, β= -0.943).

Considering the predictive factors, the duration of the postoperative endotracheal tube can play an important role in the careful care of elderly patients after CABG.

Considering the predictive factors, the duration of the postoperative endotracheal tube can play an important role in the careful care of elderly patients after CABG.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common infection in intensive care units (ICUs), with the highest mortality rate of all hospital-acquired infections. This study aimed to improve the quality of VAP control in the ICU of a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Kouhdasht, Iran.

This action research was conducted during 2016-2018. The survey data of 18 participants, who were included in the study using the non-probability sampling method, were evaluated. Qualitative data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's qualitative content analysis, and descriptive indices and t-test were measured to analyze quantitative data. Finally, the qualitative and quantitative data were integrated.This research was developed and implemented in four stages, including assessment and identification of priorities for improvement, design of action plans, implementation of action plans, and reassessment. Data were collected by analyzing 540 performance observations, 55 interviews, six focused group discussions, and two steering group discussions.

The mean scores of VAP control before and after implementing the action plans were 259.33±21.64 and 395.16±13.90, respectively (P<0.001). The qualitative findings indicated that the low quality of the personnel's working life and poor organizational culture were the main barriers to the quality improvement of VAP control. Improvement was achieved after implementing the action plans for enhancing the nurses' quality of working life and realization of their professional identity.

The results of this study suggested that effective approaches, such as personnel empowerment, improvement of environmental conditions, and provision of facilities and equipment can improve the quality of VAP control in ICUs.

The results of this study suggested that effective approaches, such as personnel empowerment, improvement of environmental conditions, and provision of facilities and equipment can improve the quality of VAP control in ICUs.

Hormonal changes in women, especially at menopausal transition, may have significant consequences on respiratory function. This issue in asthmatic patients is more frequent, more severe, and less controlled after menopause. Tunisian data regarding this issue are limited; therefore, we assessed the clinical and functional particularities of asthma at menopausal transition.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed for two years (2016-2017) on 82 asthmatic women followed up in the pulmonology department of Charles Nicolle hospital of Tunis. According to hormonal status, two groups were defined G1 (menopausal patients) and G2 (non-menopausal patients). Asthma control and severity of asthma as well as other variables including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, allergenic status, spirometry results, health care use in the past 12 months, and prescribed medications were evaluated.

The mean age of patients was 50 years and half of them (60%) were menopausal women. Allergy was the most coor influencing the control and severity of asthma.

The present study was done to compare serum heart type-fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) levels in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy subjects and address the correlation of this marker with airflow limitation and health-related quality of life using the COPD assessment test (CAT).

In this cross-sectional study, we measured serum H-FABP levels in 50 patients with stable COPD and 34 healthy controls and compared them in terms of smoking history, airflow limitation according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria, and CAT score. We also tested the association between serum H-FABP level and the COPD patients' clinical parameters. WZ811 concentration For statistical analysis, we used the Student's t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's (or Spearman's rank -order) correlation test.

Serum H-FABP level increased in the COPD patients compared with the control group (

<0.01). Although there was no association between serum H-FABP levels and disease severity based on the GOLD criteria, FABP levels increased in the subjects with a history of smoking in compared with the non-smoker control subjects (

< 0.01). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between serum H-FABP level and smoking history (r = 0.367, P = 0.001).

The serum H-FABP level increased in both the stable COPD patients and healthy subjects with smoking history. However, no correlation was found between serum H-FABP and the severity of airflow limitation based on the GOLD criteria. Based on the results, it is unclear whether the H-FABP level is a causative factor in COPD patients or healthy smokers.

The serum H-FABP level increased in both the stable COPD patients and healthy subjects with smoking history. However, no correlation was found between serum H-FABP and the severity of airflow limitation based on the GOLD criteria. Based on the results, it is unclear whether the H-FABP level is a causative factor in COPD patients or healthy smokers.

The current study was done to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Vitalograph COPD-6 portable device for detecting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in high-risk individuals in Iran.

This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC using standard spirometer and FEV1, FEV6, and FEV1/FEV6 with COPD- 6 device were measured and recorded. Descriptive analysis was done.

19 of 122 patients (15.6%) were diagnosed with COPD. The COPD-6 had an acceptable performance for detecting COPD as assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (0.72 ; 95% CI 0.42-0.86), with an average sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 98%, positive predictive value of 89%, and negative predictive value of 97%. The positive likelihood ratio resulted was 42 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.16.

COPD-6 is a validate and reliable device for detecting COPD in non-specialized health care settings and the best cut-off point for FEV1/FEV6 ratio is 0.72.

COPD-6 is a validate and reliable device for detecting COPD in non-specialized health care settings and the best cut-off point for FEV1/FEV6 ratio is 0.72.

This study was done to determine the role of common variables, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), rhinosinusitis, and smoking among a group of asthmatic and severe asthmatic patients in 2016.

This retrospective study was carried out from mid-June to the end of September 2016. Of 678 patients with asthma referred to private asthma clinics in Tehran, 163 subjects were selected. Severe asthma (SA) cases were diagnosed according to the SA definition (severe shortness of breath, chest tightness or pain, and coughing or wheezing, low peak expiratory flow (PEF) using a peak flow meter, and more than two days of wheezing and coughing per week). Patients with the presence of concomitant diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep apnea, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, as well as users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were excluded.According to the signs and symptoms and classic criteria of asthma, the subjects with SA were assigned to the case group and subjects with asthma to thents require more serious attention.

Rhinosinusitis was higher in SA patients (case group). SA was more observed among females than males and those who were more overweight. It seems that rhinosinusitis and obesity are more important risk factors. Moreover, obese female patients require more serious attention.

An initial evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with 18F- fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan can modify treatment planning. We investigated the clinical significance of FDG PET/CT quantitative parameters (QPs) in NSCLC patients.

We included 125 NSCLC patients for initial staging FDG PET/CT scan. The primary tumor (T), regional lymph node metastases (N), and distant metastases (M) were evaluated on FDG PET/CT images. QPs, including standard uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated separately for each T, N, and M lesion and also for the whole body. Statistical analysis through SPSS version 22 was used to evaluate the clinical significance of PET/CT QPs concerning primary tumor pathology characteristics, initial tumor stage, and patient's prognosis.

We followed the patients for 19.28 (±11.42) months. Considering primary tumor pathology, there was a significant difference in FDG PET/CT QPs, including primary tumor SUVmax (p=0.00), metastases SUVmax (p=0.014), whole-body MTV (p=0.045), and whole-body TLG (p=0.002). There was also a significant difference in QPs, including primary tumor SUVmax (p=0.00) and regional lymph node metastases SUVmax (p=0.048) when accounting for tumor initial stage. There was a significant prognostic value for the whole-body TLG (p=0.01) and a cut-off point of 568 was reached to differentiate better versus worse survival outcome.

We demonstrated a statistically significant difference in FDG PET/CT QPs when accounting for primary NSCLC pathology characteristics and initial stage, as well as patient's prognosis, and recommend incorporating QP values into clinical PET/CT reports.

We demonstrated a statistically significant difference in FDG PET/CT QPs when accounting for primary NSCLC pathology characteristics and initial stage, as well as patient's prognosis, and recommend incorporating QP values into clinical PET/CT reports.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder with high prevalence among adults and is an independent risk factor for various diseases, especially those affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is usually the optimal choice of treatment for OSAS. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting a large proportion of the elderly population. The purpose of this study was to collect information concerning the two pathological entities and investigate the effectiveness of CPAP in the treatment of AD.

In this review, Twenty articles were found concerning OSAS and AD, of which one article was about treatment with donepezil and seven articles considered treatment with CPAP.

Serious OSAS and short sleep duration are associated with a high risk of developing dementia. Respiratory distress during sleep is associated with developing mild cognitive impairment at younger ages. The cerebrovascular damage of AD patients is correlated with the severity of OSAS.