Riversstraarup0965

The levels of BaPeq and their margin of exposure MOE suggest non-significant health risk. The incremental life cancer risk ILCR of Pb were within safe range of less then 1E-04. Conclusion Consumption of honey from Enugu State, Nigeria may not pose a significant health risk_ © Copyright by the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of HygieneThe contemporary market of food products is highly variable. The reason for this is, among others the significant number of factors governing consumer choices in relation to food. Research results indicate that Polish consumers are increasingly declaring their interest in food features such as sensory and health properties, and safety. Most likely, social education, campaigns of food societies and own initiatives of food producers promoting new, “healthy” products have contributed to this. Among other things, the ever increasing consumer knowledge on the relationship between lifestyle and diet and health has become for many food businesses prerequisite for the development and marketing of new products. In food production in the world and in Poland the so-called “clean label” trend is one of fastest growing initiatives aimed at improving the health quality of foods. The “clean label” has not yet been defined in food law and is understood rather subjectively. P22077 nmr Generally, this term is attributed to products free from “artificial” additives and produced by “natural” or based on a traditional recipe methods known to consumers. In the article, based on the available literature, selected trends in food production at the beginning of the 21st century, with particular emphasis on “clean label” have been discussed. Taking meat processing industry as an example, the measures undertaken by the companies of food industry to produce “clean label” food products have been illustrated. In addition, consumer attitudes toward contemporary trends in the food market, including meat and meat products, have been characterized. In conclusion, the need for legislative intervention to provide appropriate definition for the term “clean label” and the need for consumer education about assessment of quality of foods are emphasized. Copyright by the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of HygieneBackground A recently growing number of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity is indicative of the need for diagnosing their complications that may appear in the early childhood. For this reason, diagnostic criteria were developed for components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) also for these groups of the population. Objective This study was aimed at evaluating the frequency of metabolic syndrome risk factors occurrence in children and adolescents from the city of Wrocław and surroundings depending on gender, age and physical activity. Material and methods Investigations on the frequency of occurrence of dietary and non-dietary risk factors of the metabolic syndrome were carried out in the years 2010-2017 among 771 children and adolescents aged 10-18 year, attending to primary schools, gymnasiums and secondary schools in Wrocław. Results The lack of any components of the metabolic syndrome was demonstrated in 14.78% of the children aged 10-12 years as well as in 17.38% of both adolescents aged 13-15 and 17-18 years. One risk factor was most frequently diagnosed in children aged 10-12 years (17.89%) and it was arterial hypertension (16.08% of the whole surveyed population). Three MS components were demonstrated in 15 persons (1.95% of the whole surveyed population), including in 7 girls and 8 boys. The persons with three MS risk factors from the age category 13-15 years constituted 0.26% whereas these from the age category 17-18 years constituted 1.69% of the whole surveyed group. Conclusions It shall be concluded that the incidence of the fully symptomatic MS depended significantly on the age of the surveyed, but not on their gender. Among the three adopted components of MS, the most frequently demonstrated disorders included arterial hypertension, abdominal obesity and increased concentration of triglycerides in blood serum. Copyright by the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of HygieneBackground Overweight and obesity are a problem negatively affecting human health. Besides the excess of energy from food, development of overweight can also result from food preferences, the frequency of meals and the speed of eating. Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of eating habits and physical activity on the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Material and method The questionnaire survey concerning eating habits and physical activity was conducted among adults aged 20-59 (n=420) in Lublin province (Poland). The subjects were divided into two groups – normal (BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2, n=250) and overweight and obese (BMI≥25 kg/m2, n=170). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey’s test as well as chi-square independence test were applied. In addition, the relative risk of overweight for groups divided according to their habits was determined. Results The analysis of speed of eating was on the basis of subjective assessment of the subjects and as a relative speed of eating compared to family members and friends. In both methods of assessment, it has been shown that overweight and obesity facilitates fast food intake rate (p=0.0078 and p=0.0010, respectively) The relative risk of obesity and overweight increases almost twice (RR 1.79) when the number of meals consumed daily is between one and two compared to those having five meals a day. In addition, it has been shown that overweight facilitates low physical activity. Conclusions Slowly consumed meals, high physical activity and having more than two meals a day promotes maintaining a normal body weight. Copyright by the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of HygieneBackground The proper nutrition is indicated as a factor of a potential importance for the mental health early in life span, and among the potential products, which may influence, there are fruit and vegetables. Objective The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing the association between the fruit and vegetables intake and the mental health in adolescents. Material and methods On the basis of PubMed and Web of Science databases, the papers presenting human studies and published in English until June 2019, analyzing the association between intake of fruit and/ or vegetables, as well as related products (e.g. juices) and the mental health were included to the systematic review, while they analyzed a group of adolescents. Results Based on the conducted systematic review, 17 studies were indicated as those which assess the influence of fruit and vegetables intake on the mental health in adolescents. For the assessment of mental health, diverse variables were taken into account, including positive (happiness, self-esteem), neutral (health-related quality of life, mental health status), and negative ones (loneliness, general difficulties, feeling worried, anxiety, stress and distress, depressive symptoms, depression, suicidal behaviors).