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This research provides evidence that the caregiving of a child diagnosed with intellectual disability comes with a myriad of stressors that can lead to compassion fatigue.Health services research increasingly uses commercial databases that capture provider practice characteristics. Little is known about how these data sets compare along other dimensions with publicly available data. We assess the quality of one of the most commonly used commercial databases, SK&A's office-based physician database, for capturing oncologists who bill the Medicare fee-for-service program. Using 2017 data, we find that nearly 74% of the oncologists in Medicare claims can be found in the SK&A data. Weighted by patients, service volume, or spending, match rates increase to 77%, 96%, and 92%, respectively. Matched oncologists have a high concordance (above 95%) on subspecialty as well as contact information other than street address. Oncologists who appear only in Medicare tend to have low service volumes and spending relative to those who are matched while over half of oncologists who appear only in SK&A have a pediatric subspecialty.Although online patient reviews (OPRs) are ubiquitous, there has been debate about whether OPRs are associated with measures of health care outcomes. The majority of patients search for online information about a hospital or provider before scheduling an encounter, therefore, the extent to which OPRs are valid information is important. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to examine the extent to which OPRs are associated with measures of patient experience, clinical quality, and other outcomes. We searched Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, which yielded 32 studies. Foretinib molecular weight There were consistent positive correlations between OPRs and patient experience at both the organization and individual provider levels of analysis. However, associations between OPRs and quality measures were mixed. Organizational level OPRs may be more reliable than individual provider OPRs. In addition, the strength of association could be affected by the type of encounter setting, specialty, and specific measures.Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels initiate action potentials in excitable tissues. Altering these channels' function can lead to many pathophysiological conditions. Nav channels are composed of several functional and structural domains that could be targeted pharmacologically as potential therapeutic means against various neurological conditions. Mutations in Nav channels have been suggested to underlie various clinical syndromes in different tissues and in association with conditions ranging from epileptic to muscular problems. Treating those mutations that increase the excitability of Nav channels requires inhibitors that could effectively reduce channel firing. The main non-psychotropic constituent of the cannabis plant, cannabidiol (CBD), has recently gained interest as a viable compound to treat some of the conditions that are associated with Nav malfunctions. In this review, we discuss an overview of Nav channels followed by an in-depth description of the interactions of CBD and Nav channels. We conclude with some clinical implications of CBD use against Nav hyperexcitability based on a series of preclinical studies published to date, with a focus on Nav/CBD interactions.The birth of neuroendocrinology as a scientific discipline is traced back to 1900-1901, when Joseph Babinski, Alfred Fröhlich, and Harvey Cushing independently identified adiposogenital dystrophy (Fröhlich syndrome), and related gonadal underdevelopment and obesity to a tumor near the pituitary gland. This discovery prompted decades of research into the brain mechanisms responsible for the control of peripheral metabolism and endocrine functions. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of Fröhlich's birth, this study traces the origins of his intellectual formation and his association with renowned contemporaries in Austria, England, Italy, and finally Cincinnati, Ohio, where he sought refuge after Austria's annexation by Nazi Germany. Fröhlich interacted with seminal figures in biomedicine, including Lothar von Frankl-Hochwart, Hans Horst Meyer, Ernst Peter Pick, Harvey Cushing, John Newport Langley, and the Nobel laureates Charles Scott Sherrington and Otto Loewi. Alfred Fröhlich, one of the 20th century's most emblematic physicians, left his mark on neurophysiology and neuropharmacology with important works, and published authoritative manuals of drug dispensing and clinical therapy. He confronted the calamities of two World Wars with remarkable resilience like many of his Viennese colleagues who, overcoming the constraints of National Socialism, settled overseas to fulfil their calling as physicians, researchers, and teachers.African Americans (AAs) are 20% more likely to develop serious psychological distress compared to Whites but are less likely to use mental health services. The study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of recruitment strategies to engage AA fathers in a mental health intervention.Using the community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, a community-academic partnership (CAP) developed and implemented direct and indirect referral strategies to engage AA fathers in a mental health intervention. Direct referral strategies focused on community partner identification of potentially eligible participants, providing information about the study (i.e., study flyer), and referring potential participants to the study. Indirect referrals included posting flyers in local businesses frequented by AA men, radio advertisements, and social media posts from community organizations.From January to October 2019, 50 direct and 1388 indirect referrals were documented, yielding 24 participants screened and 15 enrolled. Of all participants screened, 58% were referred through indirect referral, 38% were referred directly by community partners, and 4% of the participants were referred through both direct and indirect referrals. Twenty percent of those exposed to the direct referral methods and 1% of those exposed to the indirect referral methods were enrolled. The indirect referrals accounted for 60% of enrollment, whereas the direct referrals accounted for 33.3% of enrollment.Collaborating with the community partners to engage hard-to-reach populations in mental health studies allowed for broad dissemination of recruitment methods, but still resulted in low participant accrual. Additional focus on increasing direct referral methods appears to be a fruitful area of CBPR.

This article evaluates the evidence for the inclusion of patient narratives in patient decision aids (PtDAs). We define patient narratives as stories, testimonials, or anecdotes that provide illustrative examples of the experiences of others that are relevant to the decision at hand.

To evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of narratives in PtDAs, we conducted a narrative scoping review of the literature from January 2013 through June 2019 to identify relevant literature published since the last International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) update in 2013. We considered research articles that examined the impact of narratives on relevant outcomes or described relevant theoretical mechanisms.

The majority of the empirical work on narratives did not measure concepts that are typically found in the PtDA literature (e.g., decisional conflict). Yet, a few themes emerged from our review that can be applied to the PtDA context, including the impact of narratives on relevant outcomes (knowledge, benarratives to be a necessary component of PtDAs.

Personalizing medical treatment decisions based on patient-specific risks and/or preferences can improve health outcomes. Decision makers frequently select treatments based on partial personalization (e.g., personalization based on risks but not preferences or vice versa) due to a lack of data about patient-specific risks and preferences. However, partially personalizing treatment decisions based on a subset of patient risks and/or preferences can result in worse population-level health outcomes than no personalization and can increase the variance of population-level health outcomes.

We develop a new method for partially personalizing treatment decisions that avoids these problems. Using a case study of antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia, as well as 4 additional illustrative examples, we demonstrate the adverse effects and our method for avoiding them.

For the schizophrenia treatment case study, using a previously proposed modeling approach for personalizing treatment decisions and using only a ments for patients should be done in a way that does not decrease expected population-level health outcomes and does not increase their variance, thereby resulting in worse risk-adjusted, population-level health outcomes compared with treatment selection with no personalization. Our method can be used to ensure this, thereby helping patients realize the benefits of treatment personalization without the potential harms.These global consensus recommendations on caries and cavities, as well as evidence that caries is the most prevalent noncommunicable disease (NCD) globally, should be shared throughout institutional, health care professional, industrial, civil society, and patient communities so that the recommendations can be incorporated into policies for achieving a dental cavity-free future. Appropriate inclusion within strategies and action plans globally and locally will accelerate progress toward Making Cavities History, as well as improving NCDs and wider health.Research has identified the status of being unmarried as a risk factor for poor sleep quality. Few studies have focused on the relationship between bachelor status and sleep quality. Moreover, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that may mediate or moderate this relationship. This study tested the mediating role of life satisfaction and moderating role of traditional value of children in the relationship between bachelor status and sleep quality among Chinese men. Data were derived from the 2018 wave of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The working sample included 12,102 Chinese men. The moderate mediation model was used to examine the mechanisms between bachelor status and sleep quality. Results showed that life satisfaction partially mediated the association between bachelor status and sleep quality. The mediating effect of life satisfaction was moderated by traditional value of children. Specially, the mediation effect was stronger for men with higher traditional value of children. The implications for future studies and practices are also discussed in this study.

The Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (KDOQI) suggests a transposed brachial basilic vein fistula (TBBVF) in the patients who have good likelihood of long-term survival. To superficialize the basilic vein, a disconnected basilic vein is anterolaterally transposed inside a subcutaneous tunnel. A simple elevation in situ is an alternative technique. The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of TBBVF according to the type of superficialization.

A total of 42 patients (mean age of 66 years, male 45%) who underwent a TBBVF from April 2014 to March 2019 at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The method of superficialization (tunneling (

 = 18) vs elevation (

 = 24)) was determined by the surgeon's preference. It was done as a one-stage surgery. There was not any statistically significant difference in demographic or clinical characteristics of patients between the two groups. As early outcomes, postoperative mortality and morbidity were investigated. For clinical outcomes, primary patency, primary-assisted patency, and secondary patency were analyzed for both groups.