Riisepotts8351
Face masks play a pivotal role in the control of respiratory diseases, such as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Despite their widespread use, little is known about how face masks affect human social interaction. Using unique experimental data collected early on in the pandemic, we investigate how facial occlusion by face masks alters socio-economic exchange. In a behavioral economics study (N = 481), individuals accepted more monetary offers and lower offer amounts when interacting with a masked versus unmasked opponent. Importantly, this effect was mainly driven by faces covered with surgical masks relative to bandana-type masks. In the first weeks of mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic, motive attributions further moderated this effect Participants who believed that mask wearers were seeking to protect others showed the highest acceptance rates. Overall, we describe a new phenomenon, the face-mask effect on socio-economic exchange, and show that it is modulated by contextual factors.Anti-Black racism is a pernicious problem that has plagued the USA throughout history. In 2020, we saw intense moments that highlighted the stark anti-Black racism and racial inequity in America. Namely, the murder of George Floyd coupled with the disproportionate levels of negative outcomes from the COVID-19 pandemic affecting Black people in the USA. These instances called attention to the considerable racial inequality in US society and reminded many people that racism seeps throughout all facets of life. Our first goal with this special issue was to call attention to research within in the organizational sciences that focuses on anti-Black racism. The articles in this issue call attention to some of the manifestations and consequences of anti-Black racism as well as ways to reduce its insidious effects. Our second goal was to intentionally highlight the work of Black scholars in the field of I-O psychology. As such, we engaged in targeted recruiting that allowed us to successfully curate articles from a racially diverse group of scholars, and we are able to highlight the work of Black scholars and practitioners in the field.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100036.].Bone tissue engineering is an emerging technique for repairing large bone lesions. Biomimetic techniques expand the use of organic-inorganic spongy-like nanocomposite scaffolds and platelet concentrates. In this study, a biomimetic nanocomposite scaffold was prepared using lithium-doped bioactive-glass nanoparticles and gelatin/PRGF. First, sol-gel method was used to prepare bioactive-glass nanoparticles that contain 0, 1, 3, and 5%wt lithium. The lithium content was then optimized based on antibacterial and MTT testing. DASA58 By freeze-drying, hybrid scaffolds comprising 5, 10, and 20% bioglass were made. On the scaffolds, human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) were cultured for adhesion (SEM), survival, and osteogenic differentiation. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteopontin, osteocalcin, and Runx2 gene expression were measured. The effect of bioactive-glass nanoparticles and PRGF on nanocomposites' mechanical characteristics and glass-transition temperature (T g) was also studied. An optimal lithium content in bioactive glass structure was found to be 3% wt. Nanoparticle SEM examination indicated grain deformation due to different sizes of lithium and sodium ions. Results showed up to 10% wt bioactive-glass and PRGF increased survival and cell adhesion. Also, Hybrid scaffolds revealed higher ALP-activity and OP, OC, and Runx2 gene expression. Furthermore, bioactive-glass has mainly increased ALP-activity and Runx2 expression, whereas PRGF increases the expression of OP and OC genes. Bioactive-glass increases scaffold modulus and T g continuously. Hence, the presence of both bioactive-glass and nanocomposite scaffold improves the expression of osteogenic differentiation biomarkers. Subsequently, it seems that hybrid scaffolds based on biopolymers, Li-doped bioactive-glass, and platelet extracts can be a good strategy for bone repair.
This study aimed to determine the impact of visits by knee OA patients to physiotherapy clinics in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic.
This retrospective cohort study collected data from knee OA patients seeking treatment at a physiotherapy clinic in Makassar, Indonesia, from January to December 2021. The number of patient visits per month was compared using descriptive statistics. The treatment outcomes were measured in Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index and analyzed using inferential statistics.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in knee OA patient visits to physiotherapy clinics. Knee OA patient visits increased after the vaccination program was implemented, especially for patients who had been vaccinated with the full dose.
The frequency of knee OA patient visits to physiotherapy clinics decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic. It impacted the outcome of treatment received by the patients. However, patient visits increased after the vaccination program was implemented.
The frequency of knee OA patient visits to physiotherapy clinics decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic. It impacted the outcome of treatment received by the patients. However, patient visits increased after the vaccination program was implemented.
Lung abnormalities do not fully resolve in all Covid-19 survivors and may progress to fibrosis. Understanding post-COVID lung changes helps identify patients susceptible of post-COVID-19 sequelae. We analyzed scannographic residual lung abnormalities and the full resolution percentage on intermediate- and long-term follow-up (3 months or more).
Data from 30 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients undergoing at least one follow-up chest CT at Ibn Sina Hospital, with a minimal time interval of 3 months between the RT-PCR and the CT performance were gathered retrospectively. The following elements were analyzed (1) lung opacities, (2) distribution, (3) dominant lung opacity, (4) Sub-pleural bands, (5) Interlobular septal thickening, (6) Vascular dilatation, (7) Bronchiectasis, (8) Honey combing, (9) Architectural distortion, (10) mosaic attenuation, and (11) Additional findings Enlarged lymph nodes, Pleural and Pericardial fluid. To evaluate the degree of lung opacification, a score founded on visual evaluation ofmalities following Covid-19 pneumonia's prevalence varies based on the extent of the original lung affection and the time gap since the acute phase. Residual anomalies' effects on respiratory physiology, symptoms, and quality of living are unknown. Maintained monitoring of COVID-19 survivors with clinical examination, iterative pulmonary function tests, and HRCT is advised.
It was estimated that up to 30,000 primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures would be cancelled each week during the moratorium on elective surgeries in the United States (US). The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective total joint arthroplasty (TJA) utilization in the US.
A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. Patients who underwent primary elective THA and TKA were identified and filtered by state and month from January through September of both 2019 and 2020. The volume of these procedures immediately following the moratorium on elective surgeries were compared to the same months the previous year.
For THA, overall, there was a 27.39% reduction in THA volume from 2019 to 2020 in March and an 88.94% reduction in April. For TKA, overall, there was a 31.28% reduction in TKA volume in March and a 96.61% reduction in April. When the states were separated into two cohorts by 2020 presidential election vote, there was a significantly larger decrease in THA and TKA volume observed in the 25 states and Washington DC that voted democrat compared to the 25 states that voted republican in both March (p < 0.05) and April (p < 0.05). Both THA (118.29%) and TKA (101.02%) volume returned to pre-pandemic levels by June.
Overall, this study demonstrated that elective TJA utilization did reduce as anticipated following the CMS moratorium on elective surgeries but quickly returned to pre-pandemic levels by June.
Overall, this study demonstrated that elective TJA utilization did reduce as anticipated following the CMS moratorium on elective surgeries but quickly returned to pre-pandemic levels by June.Some governments distribute profits from state-owned enterprises to citizens on a per capita basis while others do not. Does the use of per capita payments affect how governments trade off pro-economy policies with other constituent interests such as environmental quality and public health? We study that question in the context of tribal government decisions to close or keep open casinos on American Indian reservations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Relying on per capita payment data and administrative information on the operational status of over 200 tribal casinos, we investigate how the distribution of per capita payments relates to the number of days casinos were closed from February 2020 through February 2022. After controlling for casino size at the onset of COVID-19, as well as demographic, economic, and geographic characteristics of the reservations on which the casinos operate, we find that casinos governed by per capita payments remained open about 17-29% longer than other reservation-based casinos. That finding suggests that per capita payments create a pro-economy constituency and implies that the decision to pay dividends directly to citizens affects the sizes of revenues from state-owned enterprises, such as tribal-government-owned casinos, rather than merely determining how they are distributed.
Drawing on socioemotional selectivity theory, we examined the effect of COVID-19 lockdowns on perceptions of romantic relationships quality among older, compared to younger, adults. During the first lockdown in Israel which involved strict restrictions on movement and association with others, 280 adults aged 25-81 reported positive and negative qualities of their romantic relationship. Of these, 105 participants completed the survey again once lockdown restrictions were lifted. Contrary to our hypotheses, no evidence for age differences in the effect of the lockdown on positive or negative perceptions of relationship quality was detected. In addition, the lockdown did not influence participants' positive and negative perceptions of their romantic partners. However, we did find that, whereas people of all ages represent positive and negative qualities of their romantic partners as separate constructs, the negative association between the two is weaker for older adults compared to younger adults during (but not after) the lockdown. This finding suggests that in stressful times, older adults are better able to avoid negative perceptions clouding positive perceptions and see positive aspects of relationships with romantic partners in the face of negative ones. Findings extend evidence for age associations with complex emotional experiences to emotional aspects of interpersonal relationships. Findings enrich the theoretical understanding of age-related advantages in emotional well-being and may inform potential interventions for improving emotional health and well-being during times of crisis.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10804-022-09431-6.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10804-022-09431-6.
