Riggssherman5627

Two new species of Acanthocinini are described from the Neotropical region Leptostylus skillmani, from Guatemala; and Anisopodus morrisi, from French Guiana. Additionally, the holotype of Leptostylus lilliputanus Thomson, 1865 is illustrated for the first time.Male imago of Baetodes traverae is described and its nymph is redescribed. The male imago is distinguished from the other known species of the genus by (1) abdominal tubercles absent, (2) turbinate eyes moderately large and not contiguous apically, (3) segment II of forceps without constriction, (4) coxal gills absent, and (5) abdominal tubercles absent. Baetodes traverae nymph is redescribed, with new illustrations aiming to improve the original description done by Mayo (1972). Its nymph has the following characters (1) terminal filament very short, less than half the length of abdominal segment X, (2) labium with glossae very short, less than half the length of paraglossae, (3) labrum expanded laterally, with submarginal row of four setae, (4) coxal gills absent and (5) abdominal tubercles absent.The previously monotypic genus Proxima DeLong Freytag, 1975 is reviewed and new diagnostic characters are added. The type-species Proxima ocellata DeLong Freytag, 1975 described from the State of Esprito Santo, Brazil, is redescribed and newly recorded from the State of Minas Gerais. Also, two new species are described and illustrated Proxima nigromaculata sp. nov. from the states of Esprito Santo, Maranho, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul and Proxima meloi sp. nov. from the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais. An identification key to the species of the genus is provided.The new porcellanid crab Polyonyx deezi n. sp. is described on the basis of two specimens from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. The new species belongs to the P. sinensis group and may be closest to P. socialis Werding Hiller, 2019 in the comparatively broad proportions of the carpi of the chelipeds and meri of the ambulatory legs. However, P. deezi n. sp. is immediately distinguished from all other congeners by the median branchial margins of the carapace being bluntly angular and produced laterally and the dorsal surfaces of the carapace and chelipeds with distinct protuberances. The occurrence of P. deezi n. sp. from coral reefs may be unusual in species of the P. sinensis group because many of the known species have been recorded from estuaries or coastal embayments. An identification key to the Indo-West Pacific species of the Polyonyx sinensis group is provided.The genus Scutellera Lamarck, 1801 (Hemiptera Heteroptera Scutelleridae Scutellerinae Scutellerini) is revised. Three species are recognized Scutellera nepalensis (Westwood, 1837), with two subspecies, S. nepalensis nepalensis and S. nepalensis amethystina (Germar, 1839), stat. nov.; S. perplexa (Westwood, 1837); and S. spilogastra (Walker, 1867), comb. nov. (=S. brevirostris Breddin, 1909, syn. nov.). The included species are redescribed, illustrated, keyed, their bionomics and distribution are reviewed. Lectotypes are designated for Tectocoris nepalensis Westwood, 1837, Calliphara amethystina Germar, 1839, S. lanius Stl, 1854, and Callidea spilogastra Walker, 1867. Scutellera perplexa is recorded for the first time from Nepal, Vietnam and Laos. Scutellera holosericea Dohrn, 1863, is removed from Scutellera and transferred to Procilia Stl, [1865], resulting in a formal combination Procilia holosericea (Dohrn, 1863), comb. nov.; the species is potentially a junior subjective synonym of the Afrotropical P. morgani (White, 1839); its type locality, Java, is considered as erroneous.Previously regarded as a subgenus of Pseudanthias Bleeker, Mirolabrichthys is rediagnosed and restricted to three species, the type species, M. tuka Herre Montalban, along with M. pascalus (Jordan Tanaka) and M. evansi (Smith). Five other species previously classified in Mirolabrichthys are reallocated to Nemanthias Smith, which beforehand had included only the type species, N. carberryi Smith N. bartlettorum (Randall Lubbock), N. bicolor (Randall), N. dispar (Herre), N. ignitus (Randall Lubbock), and N. regalis (Randall Lubbock). The remaining nine species previously placed in Mirolabrichthys are classified in a new genus, Pyronotanthias P. lori (Lubbock Randall), P. aurulentus (Randall McCosker), P. bimarginatus (Randall), P. flavoguttatus (Katayama Masuda), P. parvirostris (Randall Lubbock), P. privitera (Randall Pyle), P. smithvanizi (Randall Lubbock), P. timanoa (Victor, Teitelbaum Randall) and P. unimarginatus (Randall). Synapomorphies supporting monophyly of each genus are provided, along with generic descriptions and character summaries for included species. Characters supporting relationships of the three genera to each other and to other anthiadines are discussed.The Terrarana frogs of the genus Pristimantis are acknowledged for their direct development into froglets and for their astonishing species richness, which renders it the anuran genus with the highest number of species. We describe a new species of Pristimantis from the northwestern Andes of Colombia. The species is distributed from an area between 2750-2900 m.a.s.l. in the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve. Pristimantis postducheminorum sp. nov. differs from other, phylogenetically related, or similar resembling Pristimantis taxa by a striking yellow coloration in the ventral area, dark grey coloration in the concealed surfaces of the thighs and groin, absence of nuptial pads, presence of lateral fringes on fingers, presence of vomerine odontophores triangular in shape from the ventral view, and absence of dorsolateral folds. Molecular phylogenetics place this new species close to P. satagius and therefore within the P. ridens species group. The new species is also phylogenetically close and sympatric with the recently described P. ferwerdai, which further indicates that the Pristimantis fauna has been notoriously underestimated in the Colombian western cloud forests, a fact that should be considered in assessments of environmental impact.The coreid genus Turrana Distant 1911 is redescribed, and a new species Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. is described from specimens collected from Cape Range National Park, Western Australia in 2019 and 2021. Habitus photographs and scanning electron microscopy images are presented of key characters, with X-Ray microtomography deployed to document the male and female genitalia. In addition, DNA barcodes for mitochondrial gene regions COI and 16S were obtained and are made available on Genbank. Finally, the evidence provided in this work is discussed in relation to the systematic position of Turrana.Hemigyrus was established by Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1893. In this study, we collected samples from Chongqing, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan of China, and reconstructed phylogenetic tree based on COI gene. The results supported the classification of dividing this genus into two subgenera Tomomima and Hemigyrus. With larger size and evidently branched phylogenetic position, a new subspecies H. (T.) spinosus robustus subsp. nov. Xie, Wang He is described here. H. (H.) acutifolius is firstly reported from China. Males of H. (H.) amplus and H. (H.) acutifolius, females of H. (H.) minor are described for the first time. All materials were deposited in Biological History Museum of East China Normal University (ECNU) and the Shanghai Entomological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SEM).Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) is a poorly known frog from Yunnan Province, China, with a confusing taxonomic history. We use mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence data from newly collected specimens to reconstruct the phylogenetic position of the species. Limnonectes liui was found to be deeply nested within the geographically widespread dicroglossid frog L. limborgi (Sclater, 1892), verifying its placement within the genus Limnonectes but casting doubt on its distinction as a species. Morphological comparisons of the holotype and newly collected specimens of L. liui to specimens of L. limborgi from across its range also corroborated the hypothesis that these two species are conspecific, and we recommend treating L. liui as a junior synonym of L. limborgi. Our study underscores the importance of making comparisons with species found beyond a countrys border when describing new species.Two specimens of Parapercis moki Ho Johnson were collected recently and detailed descriptions of their morphology and fresh coloration are provided. Its diagnosis is now revised as band across head, six transverse bands on body and blade-like bar below eye; numerous small pores connected by canals forming about 910 vertical rows on cheek, opercle, and subopercle; scales on nape extending anteriorly to level of posterior margin of eyes; large spine on posteroventral corner of subopercle; very narrow interorbital space (1.72.0% SL); 4 dorsal-fin spines, each spine progressively longer, last spine entirely connected by membrane to first dorsal-fin ray; four pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in lower jaw; and palatine teeth present, in two rows, and vomerine teeth stout, in two rows.Mecophilus carioca n. sp. is described based on males and females recently sampled in the Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, and is the first record of the genus from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PF-8380 inhibitor The specimens were analyzed in both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and photos and schematic illustrations are provided. The known distribution of the three species of Mecophilus are presented in a map.Goeldichironomus pampeanus n. sp. is described and figured as male, pupa and larva based on reared specimens from Buenos Aires province in Argentina. The species can be separated from its congeners on the combination of the following characters male without dark markings on thorax and an evenly curved superior volsella projecting mesad; pupa with extensive shagreen on tergites IIVI, sternites with fine shagreen only without transverse bands of points, dorsal setae on tergite IX extending beyond anal lobe and basal ring of thoracic horn kidney-shaped; larva with bifid premandible, mentum with 6 pairs of lateral teeth, anterior pair of ventral tubules simple, labral sclerite 1 intact and labral sclerite 2 consolidated on the inner side.New taxonomic considerations in the spitting spider family Scytodidae Blackwall, 1864 are proposed. Here, the family is considered to include two subfamilies Scytodinae Blackwall, 1864, comprising the genera Scytodes Latreille, 1804 and Dictis L. Koch, 1872, and Scyloxinae subfam. n., comprising the genera Scyloxes Dunin, 1992 and Stedocys Ono, 1995. Scytodes arwa Rheims, Brescovit van Harten, 2006 is considered a senior synonym of Scytodes makeda Rheims, Brescovit van Harten, 2006 syn. n. and the male of Scytodes kumonga Zamani Marusik, 2020 is described for the first time, with the species being newly recorded from Oman. Observations on the natural history of S. kumonga were made using specimens raised to maturity from egg-sacs produced by females collected in Oman. The monotypic genus Soeuria Saaristo, 1997 is synonymized with Dictis, hence the transfer of its type species, D. soeur (Saaristo, 1997) comb. n. to this genus. Dictis thailandica Dankittipakul Singtripop, 2010 is considered incertae sedis, and Dictis striatipes L.