Riggshorn5446

Both the theoretical and experimental results indicate that the proposed gas-ribbon-hybrid actuated mechanism can effectively enhance the variable stiffness property of a soft finger while retaining its good compliance with the surroundings. This work might provide future insights for the development of compact and cost-effective soft end effectors with active variable stiffness.A flow cytometry (FCM)-based method was developed for the faster detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk and milk powder. Viable S. aureus cells were recognized by highly selective, fluorescently labeled antibodies and Propidium Iodide, and then analyzed by FCM. Using a 5-h pre-enrichment period, the method could detect low numbers of S. aureus cells in 6 h, with a limit of detection of 7.50 cells/mL in milk and 8.30 cells/g in milk powder. The established method was compared with the plate-based method using 75 ultra-high-temperature-treated milk samples, 25 pasteurized milk samples, 66 raw milk samples, and 123 milk powder samples. The two methods yielded similar results for the detection of the pathogen in all sample types. The FCM-based method allows effective and faster monitoring of S. aureus contamination and can be applied to the rapid detection of microorganisms in milk and dairy products.Objective To compare symptom prevalence and relief in residents who died in nursing homes with residents who were acutely referred to hospitals. Design Data on symptoms during the last week of life from the Swedish Register of Palliative Care (SRPC). Setting and Subjects Nursing homes (n = 1903 deaths) and hospitals in Sweden (n = 202 nursing home residents who were admitted to hospital before death). Data were retrieved on August 24, 2020. Results Residents who died in hospitals had more breakthrough symptoms of breathlessness (60% vs. 31%, p  less then  0.0001) and delirium (41% vs. 25%, p  less then  0.0001) than those who died in nursing homes. When symptoms were present, complete symptom relief was seen less often in hospitals compared with nursing homes (breathlessness, 28% vs. 47%, p  less then  0.001; delirium, 10% vs. 35%, p  less then  0.0001; respiratory secretions, 30% vs. 55%, p  less then  0.0001). Conclusion Despite access to oxygen and pharmacologic/nonpharmacologic therapies in hospitals, symptom relief in dying nursing home residents acutely admitted to hospitals was lower compared with those who died in nursing homes, possibly because of differences in patient characteristics.Physical activity is favorably considered for its effect on metabolic fitness and body composition. This observation is generally supported by observational studies and is concordant with endurance-trained individuals' metabolic and morphological profiles. However, in some contexts, the measurement of physical activity habits may not provide an adequate representation of its benefits. In this paper, we review relevant literature on the respective effects of fitness and physical activity on anthropometric and metabolic variables and the informative potential of a classification based on aerobic fitness and activity indicators. The relevance to defining a profile based on both fitness and activity is reinforced by data from the Quebec Family Study showing that, in both men and women, "fit-active" individuals displayed a much more favorable morphological and metabolic profile than "unfit-inactive" individuals. Moreover, these benefits seemed to be more related to variations in fitness than in physical activity. selleck products In summary, evidence suggests that a profile combining information on aerobic fitness and physical activity may better reflect the lifelong impact of physical activity on body composition and health. Novelty bullets ●The fit-active profile better reflects the long-term benefits of vigorous physical activity participation on health. ●The reported benefits seem to be more related to variations in aerobic fitness than to those in physical activity.Background For the past two decades, there has been increased interest from medical journals and calls to action from various organizations such as the National Institutes of Health to study sex differences in cardiovascular (CV) disease. It is unknown whether this emphasis has translated to a growth in publications addressing sex differences in CV disease. Materials and Methods We performed a bibliometric analysis of all CV publications from 2006 to 2015. The National Library of Medicine's PubMed database was searched for articles containing the phrases "cardiac," "cardiovascular" or "cardiology," in the first author affiliation field. This was followed by a subsequent search for publications containing any of the following phrases in the title and/or abstract "woman," "women," "female," "females," "gender," or "sex." The presence of such terms defined the publication as sex-specific. Trends over time were analyzed for specified subgroups, including publication category and funding source. Results A total of 189,543 CV publications were identified, out of which there were 24,615 (12.99%) sex-specific publications. For the 10-year period, there were no significant changes in the relative proportion of sex-specific publications. When specific publication categories were analyzed, there were significant proportional increase of sex-specific publications in general articles category, but not for reviews, clinical trials, meta-analysis, or letters. Conclusion Despite calls for greater attention, only a small fraction of publications for the past decade have reported on sex differences. There was no significant proportional growth of sex-specific publications for a recent 10-year period, except for the general research articles.Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) have gained great popularity as mimicries for cellular membranes. As their sizes are comfortably above the optical resolution limit, and their lipid composition is easily controlled, they are ideal for quantitative light microscopic investigation of dynamic processes in and on membranes. However, reconstitution of functional proteins into the lumen or the GUV membrane itself has proven technically challenging. In recent years, a selection of techniques has been introduced that tremendously improve GUV-assay development and enable the precise investigation of protein-membrane interactions under well-controlled conditions. Moreover, due to these methodological advances, GUVs are considered important candidates as protocells in bottom-up synthetic biology. In this review, we discuss the state of the art of the most important vesicle production and protein encapsulation methods and highlight some key protein systems whose functional reconstitution has advanced the field.