Riddlejochumsen8592

Efficiency and accuracy of semi-global matching (SGM) make it outperform many stereo matching algorithms and is widely used under challenging occasions. However, SGM only incorporates information along a scanline in each pass and lacks interaction between scanlines, resulting in streak artifacts in the disparity image. We introduce a local edge-aware filtering method to SGM to enhance the interaction of neighboring scanlines, since streak artifacts can be avoided. We use bilateral weights based on intensity similarity and spatial affinity between pixels to build connections among scanlines. In each pass, we recursively estimate the aggregated cost of SGM and compute the weighted average of aggregated costs for pixels in the orthogonal direction to obtain the output of our method along each scanline. As one-dimensional bilateral filtering is used in our method, the extra computation is linear to image resolution and label space, which is a small fraction of that needed by SGM. We present ablation studies using stereo pairs under both constrained and natural conditions to verify the effectiveness of our method. Extensive experiments on Middlebury and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technology Institute datasets demonstrate that our method removes all streak artifacts, improves the quality of the disparity image, and outperforms many other non-local cost aggregation approaches.In the high-gain photoelectric receiver circuit, the method based on the field-shunting effect is applied to improve the bandwidth of the transimpedance amplifier. This method is implemented by adding a ground trace under the gain resistor, which reduces the parasitic capacitance of the gain resistor and thus increases the bandwidth. To obtain the specific impact of this method on bandwidth, a series of simulations are carried out, including electromagnetic simulations of a three-dimensional structure of circuit gain part and simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) simulations of the high-gain voltage-current feedback transimpedance amplifier. Finally, the optimal simulation result shows that selecting a 1206 size chip fixed resistor and setting the ground trace width to 1.1 mm can greatly reduce the influence of resistor parasitic effects on the circuit, thereby achieving the best performance of bandwidth extension. Further, the comparative experiment also verifies the effectiveness of the method for bandwidth enhancement.Stray current affects the safe operation of subway equipment. The stray current leakage point can be located by measuring the current of subway running track. A magnetostrictive current sensor with high sensitivity and a large linear range is proposed to monitor track current. The design of the sensor is qualitatively guided by a set of finite element method (FEM) simulations to improve the sensitivity of the sensor. However, when the sensitivity of the sensor increases, the linear range decreases. To solve this problem, a novel current sensor, to the best of our knowledge, which is composed of magnetostrictive composites, steel bars, and adjustable coils, is presented. selleck chemicals llc The linear range of the sensor is expanded by adjusting the different DC bias magnetic fields generated by the adjustable coils. The results show that when the measured current is 0-500 A and 500-1000 A, the Terfenol-D (TD) mass is only 0.14 g, and the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.391 µɛ/A and 0.418 µɛ/A, respectively. The current measurement with low cost, high sensitivity, and larger linear working range is realized, which is suitable for monitoring stray current leakage points.Thestudy of terahertz (THz) structured beams has become an interesting subject. Here, we use 3D printed diffractive plates to generate a THz zero-order Mathieu-Gauss beam at a frequency of 0.1 THz and simulate its line-imaging effect. According to the nondiffraction property of the beam, we conduct a transmission imaging test by placing the imaging plate at different positions along the direction of beam propagation. The results show that the THz zero-order Mathieu-Gauss beam has a good imaging effect in the depth of field of about 130-380 mm. This can be used in large depth of field THz line imaging.We provide an open-source user-friendly graphical-user interface software in a MATLAB environment, named Speckle Analyzer, as a tool for calculating and analyzing statistical parameters of a laser speckle pattern to find metrics for an object's physical quantity. The first- and second-order statistical functions containing gray-level co-occurrence and gray-level run-length matrices and speckle grains geometrical properties are included in Speckle Analyzer. To validate the software's operation, statistical parameters of the laser speckle pattern, to find metrics for the size and concentration of particles suspended in liquid, are investigated.The quality of the solid deuterium-deuterium (D-D) layer in the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target plays a vital role in the success of fusion experiments. A good understanding of how the quality is affected by the unstable growth of D-D crystal is required. This article provides an approach of measuring D-D layer absolute height in real time by combining monitoring algorithms and a synchronous phase-shifting interferometer. In the approach taken, a real-time monitoring technology, in which an antivibration algorithm is added, is used to get an absolute height of monitoring zone, overcoming the inability to accurately detect the saltus step in the interferometric measurement. Meanwhile, the polarization-synchronized phase-shifting technology is propitious to retrieve the D-D height distribution in a whole interferogram. Consequently, the categorical altitude of the D-D layer in entire crystalline regions can be obtained. Simulation analysis together with experiments have proved that a non-contact, rapid, and high-precision measurement of the D-D crystal absolute height can be realized by using the interferometer and method proposed.The beam quality of coherent beam combing (CBC) is significantly affected by the beam array schemes, which are regular hexagon arrays in most research. Here, we propose a bio-inspired Fermat spiral array (FSA) for large-array CBC, for the first time to our knowledge. The far-field distribution and beam quality of CBC with various designed FSAs was investigated numerically and experimentally; the simulated and experimental results agreed with each other. The power in the bucket (PIB) increased with the central space density of the FSA, accompanying by the weakening of the far-field sidelobes. In addition, for the FSA with constant space density, the PIB increased, and sidelobes weakened with the increase of the array filling factor. The FSA could effectively improve the PIB and weaken the sidelobe of the CBC far field by the aperiodic and nonuniform space density arrangement, compared to the regular arrays. These results provide a new approach for the beam arrangement of large-array CBC.The optical vortex has already found lots of applications in various domains. Among such applications, the precise and quantitative mode analysis of optical vortices is of great significance. In this work, we experimentally validate a simple method to analyze the mode of an already known optical field with collinear holography based on the phase-shifting technology. Further, we propose a ring interference strategy to improve the accuracy of mode analysis. In the proof-of-concept experiment, the complex amplitude is characterized, and the mode purity is well analyzed. This method has excellent accuracy and rapidity, which can be implemented in micro-manipulation, optical communication, and rotation speed measurement based on the rotating Doppler effect.We investigate the surface modification by laser texturing and effects thereof on the tribological performance in Al2O3. By detailed observation for microstructure evolution, it has been shown that there were three distinct modification morphologies by laser treatment dense surface microfeatures, "coral" dendritic structures, and coarse grains. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that there was no formation of metastable phases due to low supercooling in solidification in the nanosecond laser regime. The formation of AlN compounds in the laser-treated region was examined by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which led to dense surface microfeatures and randomly distributed pores formation in the laser treated region. The formation of "coral" dendritic structures on the edge of groove and coarse grains in the vicinity of the laser surface was attributed to the fast-cooling rates. Wear tests were carried out to analyze the effect of laser texturing on tribological performance. The results of coefficients of friction (COF) illustrated that laser texturing can significantly improve COFs for dry friction; however, it decreases the COFs for wet friction. The mechanism of wear was explained based on a SEM measurement for worn surfaces; the formation of surface texture can store abrasive particles and debris lead to hydrodynamic lubricant film formation and the COFs significantly reducing for wet friction.We demonstrate a fiber optics sensing structure for the measurement of the refractive index of liquid samples at multiple spatial locations simultaneously. The sensing architecture is all-fiber and consists of standard single-mode-multimode-single-mode multimodal interference (MMI) devices working in parallel. The spectral response of each MMI device is carefully engineered to have nonoverlapping responses, such that the entire system can be interrogated with a single broadband light source and single optical spectrum analyzer. In proof-of-concept experiments, we tested the proposed system with aqueous saline solutions and binary solutions of water-glycerol and water-ethylene glycol. Our results validate the use of the proposed platform for the simultaneous monitoring of the refractive index of liquid samples at different locations.Recently, a single vectorial pupil optimization (VPO) was proposed to compensate for the polarization effect induced by thick mask and image optics at one field point in a lithography system, which does not work at full field points. In this paper, we propose a multi-objective VPO (MOVPO) method to obtain a universal vectorial pupil that can compensate for the polarization aberration at full field points. A novel multi-objective cost function, to the best of our knowledge, is built and includes uneven image pattern errors causing by polarization aberration (PA) at full field points in the MOVPO method. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed MOVPO method can effectively improve the consistency of imaging and enlarge the overlapped process window at full field points.For reshaping aperture size and correcting low-order aberration of laser beams with large aspect ratios, a simplified analytical method is proposed to design an anamorphic refractive shaping system, which is composed of double-plane symmetric lenses. The simplified method enables performing a global study of aberrations via calculating the analytical primary wave aberration function under paraxial approximation. The aberration balance is analyzed with a three-lens laser collimating system and a compact four-lens laser expanding system. Lens bending and conic surfaces are introduced to decrease ray errors. Through the simplified analytical method, anamorphic refractive shaping systems for laser beams with large aspect ratios can be adequately analyzed and conveniently designed.