Riberhenson4773

This paper argues that the relationship between the individual and the whole in holism can be solved from the two dimensions of emergence and identity. Emergence addresses whether the whole has irreducible properties, and identity explains the relationship between the individual and the individual as a collective member. From the perspective of emergence, collective intention is a combination of common content in individual intentions. It has only composition but no whole emergence, and this combination makes intentionality take a collective form. From the perspective of identity, individuals and individuals as collective members are consistent. The "collective" in collective intention refers to the common part of the individual's intention, and its actual bearer is still the individual participating in the "common part". Collective intention can be reduced to individual properties and their mutual relations, which are rooted in the relational existence of people.

Maternal obesity is a significant risk factor for unfavourable outcomes during pregnancy. However, the extent of this relationship is poorly defined in Irish mothers.

This study was to compare maternal and perinatal outcomes between obese and non-obese mothers in an Irish population.

A retrospective comparative study was conducted in a secondary level maternity unit for births recorded between January 2018 and January 2019 and 2,793 women were included. BMI calculated at booking visit was used to compare obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m

) and non-obese mothers (BMI < 30 kg/m

).

Of 2,793 women included in this study, 2111 had a BMI < 30 kg/m

and 682 had a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m

. Obese women were less likely to experience spontaneous onset of labour (33.4% vs. 48.1%, p < 0.001) and more likely to be induced (37.2% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.002). Obesity was associated with a statistically significant increase in stillbirth, fetal macrosomia and emergency caesarean birth rates, whereas operative vaginal deliveries were significantly decreased. Miscarriage, shoulder dystocia, post-partum haemorrhage and spontaneous vaginal deliveries were reduced while elective caesarean birth and low birth weight incidence were increased in obese mothers; however, these results were not statistically significant.

This study highlights the magnitude of obstetric risks that are associated with maternal obesity within Irish population. Implementation of effective intervention strategies to reduce the number of obese women in pregnancy may have beneficial effects on pregnancy outcomes in Ireland.

This study highlights the magnitude of obstetric risks that are associated with maternal obesity within Irish population. Implementation of effective intervention strategies to reduce the number of obese women in pregnancy may have beneficial effects on pregnancy outcomes in Ireland.The paper presents the life and career of a prominent Polish-Jewish neurologist Natalia Zylberlast-Zand (1883-1942) who perished in the Holocaust. In the inter-war period, she was a prolific author in the area of neurological research and one of the founders of the Association of Polish Female Physicians.Iron is an essential nutrient for virtually all microbes and limiting the concentration of available iron is a potential strategy to be used as an alternative to antibiotic treatment. In this study we analysed the antimicrobial activity of two chelators, specifically 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridone (deferiprone, DFP), which is clinically approved for the treatment of iron overload disorders, and its 1,2-diethyl homologue, CP94. Both compounds showed moderate activity towards planktonically growing P. aeruginosa cells, and the mechanism of action of these chelators was indeed by limiting the amount of free iron. Surprisingly, the compounds behaved very differently when the cells were grown in biofilms. DFP also showed inhibitory effects on biofilm formation but in contrast, CP94 stimulated this process, in particular at high concentrations. CFT8634 datasheet We hypothesised that CP94 behaves as an iron carrier, which was confirmed by our observation that it had antimicrobial synergy with the toxic metals, gallium and copper. This suggests that P. aeruginosa produces a biofilm-specific transport protein that recognises CP94 but not the closely related compound DFP.ABP 980 (KANJINTI™, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA; Amgen Europe B.V., The Netherlands) is a biosimilar to trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a monoclonal antibody that selectively binds human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Here we provide a brief overview of the totality of evidence (including analytical [structural and functional] characterization, nonclinical evaluation, and human pharmacokinetic [PK], pharmacodynamic, and clinical assessment comparing ABP 980 with trastuzumab reference product [RP]) that supported the approval of ABP 980, along with practical considerations on the reconstitution and use of the lyophilized product to ensure safe and effective administration. ABP 980 has been shown to be highly similar to the RP, with similar mechanism of action, binding, and potency. Key PK parameters, geometric means ratio (GMR [90% CI]) of Cmax and AUCinf, are comparable and within the equivalence margin of 0.80 to 1.25 (ABP 980 1.04 [0.99-1.08] versus trastuzumab US 1.06 [1.00-1.12]; ABP 980 0.99 [0.95-1.03] versus trastuzumab EU 1.00 [0.95-1.06]). No clinically meaningful differences were found between ABP 980 and RP in a comparative clinical trial in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. Pathological complete response-ABP 980 48% versus RP 41% (risk difference [RD], 90% CI 7.3%, 1.2-13.4; relative risk [RR], 90% CI 1.188, 1.033-1.366). Sensitivity analyses per central pathology review-ABP 980 48%; RP 42% (RD 5.8%, -0.5 to 12.0; RR 1.142, 0.993-1.312), with RD and RR falling within predefined equivalence margins. Similar to trastuzumab RP, KANJINTI™ is supplied as a sterile, lyophilized cake to be reconstituted with bacteriostatic water for injection (BWFI) for multiple-dose injection or sterile WFI for single use. Stability data support storage of reconstituted solution at 2-8°C (36-46°F), up to 28 days. Reconstituted solution can be diluted in infusion bags containing 0.9% saline and stored for up to 24 h prior to intravenous administration.