Rhodespotts3064

Objectives Measuring severity of psychopathological symptoms using self-assessment questionnaires is important for clinical and scientific research. However, there is no widely-available Polish tool which measures both overall functioning and severity of a broad spectrum of psychopathological symptoms. This paper describesthe designing of such a tool -the General Functioning Questionnaire (GFQ-58). Methods Three studies were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the GFQ-58 (1)a study comparing 30 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 with no psychiatric diagnosis; (2) a correlational study on 602 individuals exploring relationships between the GFQ-58 and tendency for rumination and quality of life; and (3) a study on 37 patients from a ward which treats neurotic and personality disorders, exploring the relationships between the GFQ-58 and tools for measuring severity of psychopathological symptoms, overall functioning and neurotic personality. Results The first study revealed large differences between individuals suffering from schizophrenia and healthy individuals in the overall score of the questionnaire (p less then 0.001; d = 1.30) and some of its subscales. The second study showed strong relations between the GFQ-58 and both severity of rumination (p less then 0.001; . = 0.64) and quality of life (p less then 0.001; .=-0.81). The third study identified relationships between the GFQ-58 and tools measuring various psychopathological symptoms, overall functioning and neurotic personality. These relationships were moderate or strong (all p . 0.001; r =0.43-0.86). Reliability of the overall score was satisfactory in all studies (Cronbach's . = 0.89-0.92). Conclusions The GFQ-58 has satisfactory validity and reliability. It can be used in both scientific and clinical research as a screening tool for measuring overall functioning and severity of psychopathological symptoms.Objectives The aim of the study is to show relationship between severity of depressive symptoms and the severity of tics, declared feeling of stigmatization and feelings about the body. Methods The study included 13 people with Tourette syndrome and 13 people in a comparative group - matching method, taking into account compatibility of gender, age, number of years of education, and size of the place of residence. The study used Polish adaptation of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), Questionnaire for Measuring Depression (Kwestionariusz do Pomiaru Depresji -KPD), Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ), Questionnaire of feelings about the body. Results Wilcoxon signed-rank test analysis showed that the declared general depression rate is significantly higher in the group of people with Tourette syndrome (Z = - 2.691; p less then 0.01). The indicator differentiating the declared feeling of stigmatization among people with TS was the feeling of embarrassment due to other people's stare/the stare of bystanders (ZG) (Z = - 1.888; p less then 0.05). The general assessment of one's body image is not different in the group of people with TS and comparative group, but two important factors have been distinguished "My body is alien to me" (Z = - 1.897; p less then 0.05), "It is difficult for me to understand changes in my body" (Z = 1.950; p less then 0.05). Conclusions It is concluded that the severity of tics, the feeling of stigmatization and selected body image indexes are related to both the general severity of symptoms of depression and its individual indicators.Mental disorders occur in patients with epilepsy significantly more frequently than in the general population or in those with other chronic diseases. The specificity of epilepsy as a condition of the central nervous system with complex somatic, psychic and social consequences contributes to co-occurrence of these disorders. Moreover, common patomechanisms are suggested for epilepsy and mental disorders, associated with disturbances of bioelectrical activity and neurotransmission in certain areas of the brain.The authors present a review of main groups of mental disorders observed in epileptic patients psychotic, affective, anxiety, personality, and conduct disorders. They discuss their epidemiology and clinical presentation, with a particular focus on their risk factors and temporal relation to epileptic seizures. They also highlight problems associated with differential diagnosis and optimal therapeutic strategy. Mental disorders have a significant impact on the quality of life and functioning of patients with epilepsy. Further exploration of interrelationships between these illnesses, as well as cooperation between neurologists and psychiatrists promote an early and precise diagnosis of mental disturbances in this group of patients and their effective treatment.Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by pathological changes in mood as well as recurring episodes of mania, hypomania, depression and mixed symptoms. In recent years, the number of BD diagnoses has risen considerably in children and adolescents. Itis believed that anaverage rate of prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the pediatric population is 1.8%, and BD type I - 1.2%, and the prevalence of the disorder increases with the age of patients. Despite the same diagnostic criteria, there are premises that suggest thatthe symptoms of the disorder are present with a different frequency among children and adolescents than in adults. The most frequent manic symptom in persons with childhood-onset of the illness is thought to be irritability, and in adolescence -hyperactivity. BD in children and adolescent population is accompanied by a high rate of comorbid psychiatric conditions. NSC-187208 molecular weight Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and borderline personality disorder constitute particular diagnostic challenges. Early onset of BP is linked with a more severe course of the illness, worse prognosis, and a higher suicidal rate. Pharmacotherapy of BD in the pediatric population includes 1st and 2nd generation mood stabilizers, while their efficacy and safety profiles are different than in adults. The American Food and Drug Administration recommends treating manic episodes in young persons with lithium, aripiprazole, quetiapine, risperidone, olanzapine and depressive episodes with a combination therapy of olanzapine and fluoxetine.