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4%) were offering the CEMONC services with all 9 - signal functions and only 17.4% had facilities that are offering safe blood transfusion services. CONCLUSION This study indicates that between 2015 and 2019 there has been improvement in physical status of primary health facilities as a result constructions, upgrading and equipping the facilities to offer safe surgery and related diagnostic services. Despite the achievements, still there is a high demand for good physical statuses and functioning of primary health facilities with capacity to offer essential and safe surgical services in the country also as an important strategy towards achieving UHC. This is also inline with the National Surgical, Obstetrics and Anesthesia plan (NSOAP).BACKGROUND Although Differentiated Service Delivery (DSD) for anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has been rolled-out nationally in several countries since World Health Organization (WHO)'s landmark 2016 guidelines, there is little research evaluating post-implementation outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore patients' and HIV service managers' perspectives on barriers to implementation of Differentiated ART service delivery in Uganda. METHODS We employed a qualitative descriptive design involving 124 participants. Between April and June 2019 we conducted 76 qualitative interviews with national-level HIV program managers (n = 18), District Health Team leaders (n = 24), representatives of PEPFAR implementing organizations (11), ART clinic in-charges (23) in six purposively selected Uganda districts with a high HIV burden (Kampala, Luwero, Wakiso, Mbale, Budadiri, Bulambuli). Six focus group discussions (48 participants) were held with patients enrolled in DSD models in case-study districts. Data were a impede the running of patient groups of rotating ART refill pick-ups. CONCLUSION This is one of the first multi-stakeholder evaluations of national DSD implementation in Uganda since initial roll-out in 2017. Multi-level interventions are needed to accelerate further DSD implementation in Uganda from demand-side (addressing HIV-related stigma, community engagement) and supply-side dimensions (strengthening ART supply chain capacities, increasing funding for community models and further DSD program design to improve patient-centeredness).BACKGROUND Malawi is celebrated as one of the few countries in sub-Saharan Africa to meet the Millennium Development Goal of reducing under-5 mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. However, within this age range neonatal mortality rates are the slowest to decline, even though rates of facility births are increasing. Examining the quality of neonatal care at district-level facilities where most deliveries occur is warranted. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to evaluate the quality of neonatal care in three district hospitals and one primary health centre in southern Malawi as well as to report the limitations and lessons learned on using the WHO integrated quality of care assessment tool. METHODS These facility assessments were part of the "Integrating a neonatal healthcare package for Malawi" project, a part of the Innovating for Maternal and Child Health in Africa (IMCHA) initiative. The WHO integrated quality of care assessment tool was used to assess quality of care and availability and quad light on the complex quality of care challenges faced by district-level health facilities. The results reveal that the quality of care needs improvement, particularly for sick and vulnerable newborns.BACKGROUND Flipped classrooms have already begun to be used in many universities aboard, and they now make up for some of the short comings of the traditional classroom. We introduced the concept of flipped classrooms into a radiology class in China and evaluated the students' performance to find out whether it was a better learning method. Furthermore, we have attempted to identify the problems of application of flipped classrooms (as practiced under the Chinese education system) and make suggestions. METHODS Facilities made videos and prepared clinical cases and short lectures for the flipped classroom. A total of 55 undergraduate radiology students were asked to finish pre-class learning and pre-learning assessment, participate in a flipped classroom about bone malignant tumours, and complete questionnaires. Teachers were also need to finish the survey. RESULTS 1) The students showed good performances in the pre-learning assessment. The mean scores for three pre-learning assessment were 89.77, 96.54, and 9 provide students with better learning experiences. We can continue to practice flipped classroom methods under the curriculum, but we still need to make improvements to make it more suitable for the Chinese medical education mode.BACKGROUND Many persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are treated in long-term specialised care. In this population, suicidal behaviour troubles patients, families, and specialists in the field because it is difficult to treat. At present, there is no documented effective therapy for suicidal behaviour in ASD (Autism Research 7507-521, 2014; Crisis 35301-309, 2014). Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is an efficacious treatment programme for chronically suicidal and/or self-harm behaviour in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (J Psychiatry 1661365-1374, 2014; Linehan MM. Cognitive behavioural therapy of borderline personality disorder. Navitoclax 1993). This study will evaluate the efficacy of DBT in persons with ASD and suicidal/ self- destructive behaviour in a multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial. METHOD One hundred twenty-eight persons with autism and suicidal and/or self-harming behaviour will be recruited from specialised mental healthcare services and randomised into two conditions 1ces the generalisability of the study results to clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN96632579. Registered 1 May 2019. Retrospectively registered.BACKGROUND Hydrolates, complex mixtures containing traces of essential oils (EOs), are inexpensive, easy to make and less toxic than their corresponding EOs. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the hydrolate of Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. (Lamiaceae) alone and in combination with antimicrobial drugs, such as tetracycline and itraconazole, were evaluated. METHODS The chemical composition was analysed by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Standard methods were performed to evaluate the susceptibility of some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida spp. to the hydrolate, in comparison with its EO. The hydrolate mechanism of action was assayed by propidium iodide and MitoTracker staining. Checkerboard tests were carried out for combinations studies. RESULTS GC-MS identified 0.14% (v/v) of total EO content into hydrolate and carvacrol as a dominant component. The hydrolate showed a good antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeasts. It exhibited a synergistic effect with itraconazole against Candida krusei, and an additive effect with tetracycline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains.