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Intravenous (IV) sodium bicarbonate is considered standard therapy for high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) urine alkalinization. Due to a national IV sodium bicarbonate shortage, an oral (PO) sodium bicarbonate protocol was implemented by Alberta Health Services (AHS) for HDMTX urine alkalinization. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the PO sodium bicarbonate protocol compared to IV sodium bicarbonate for HDMTX urine alkalinization.

A retrospective chart review of adult patients who received HDMTX (>500mg/m

) with sodium bicarbonate for urine alkalinization at 4 hospitals in Alberta was conducted. Patients who received IV sodium bicarbonate between January and June 2017 and PO sodium bicarbonate between July and December 2017 were compared for the primary outcome of time to methotrexate clearance.

A total of 84 and 78 HDMTX cycles were included in the IV and PO cohorts, respectively. No difference in time to methotrexate clearance was seen between the IV and PO cohorts, 91.6 (± 35.4) hours and 95.2 (± 44) hours respectively; p = 0.5. The proportion of HDMTX cycles that experienced a > 25% increase in serum creatinine was not statistically significant, IV protocol 12% and PO protocol 5%; p = 0.13. Nausea and emesis occurred more frequently in the PO cohort than the IV cohort, though rarely resulted in refused doses or change to alternate sodium bicarbonate formulations.

The results of this study indicate that the AHS PO sodium bicarbonate protocol was no different in time to methotrexate clearance or rates of increased serum creatinine when compared to IV sodium bicarbonate.

The results of this study indicate that the AHS PO sodium bicarbonate protocol was no different in time to methotrexate clearance or rates of increased serum creatinine when compared to IV sodium bicarbonate.Thrombospondin repeats (TSR) are important peptide domains present in the sequences of many extracellular and transmembrane proteins with which a variety of ligands interact. In this study, we characterized HdTSR domains in the ADAMTS3 protein of Thai abalone, Haliotis diversicolor, based on the transcriptomic analysis of its mantle tissues. PCR amplification and localization studies demonstrated the existence of HdTSR transcript and protein in H. diversicolor tissues, particularly in both the inner and outer mantle epithelial folds. We, therefore, generated a short recombinant protein, termed HdTSR1/2, based on the existence of the WxxWxxW or WxxxxW motif (which binds to TGF-β, a known signaling in bone formation/repair) in HdTSR1 and HdTSR2 sequences and used it to test the osteoinduction function in the pre-osteoblastic cell line, MC3T3-E1. This recombinant protein demonstrated the ability to induce the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by the concentration- and time-dependent upregulation of many known osteogenic markers, including RUNX2, COL1A1, OCN, and OPN. We also demonstrated the upregulation of the SMAD2 gene after cell treatment with HdTSR1/2 proteinindicating its possible interaction through TGF-β, which thus activates its downstream signaling cascade and triggers the biomineralization process in the differentiated osteoblastic cells. Together, HdTSR domains existed in an extracellular ADAMTS3 protein in the mantle epithelium of H. diversicolor and played a role in osteoinduction as similar to the other nacreous proteins, opening up its possibility to be developed as an inducing agent of bone repair.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic multi-organ disease. Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and digital ulcers (DUs) in SSc patients can be resistant to usual treatments. We studied the clinical benefits, capillaroscopy changes, and cost-effectiveness of local injection of botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) and intravenous prostaglandin analogs (iloprost/alprostadil) in patients with SSc with resistant DUs.

In a clinical trial study, we evaluated 26 patients fulfilling the ACR/EULAR SSc criteria with resistant DUs. Visual analog scale of pain and RP, skin color and type of ulcers, and capillaroscopy were assessed before and 1month after treatment. In the first group, 20 units of BTX-A was injected at the base of each involved fingers by a dermatologist. In the second group, 20µg iloprost or 60µg alprostadil was infused daily. The cost of these treatments was compared.

In 26 patients (43 fingers), there were 16 patients (22 fingers) in the BTX-A and 10 patients (21 fingers) in the prostaglandin group. CX-5461 order In 95.5% of the Btreatment and more time-saving.

• BTX-A and prostaglandin analogs both contributed to the healing of digital tip ulcers and improving the pain • In capillaroscopy, microhemorrhages were significantly decreased or disappeared after both treatments • There was no significant side effect in both groups • Comparing both groups, in the BTX-A group, the cost was significantly lower when performed on an outpatient treatment and more time-saving.Anxiety disorders are common in adolescence but outcomes for adolescents are unclear and we do not know what factors moderate treatment outcome for this age group. We conducted meta-analyses to establish the effectiveness of psychological therapies for adolescent anxiety disorders in (i) reducing anxiety disorder symptoms, and (ii) remission from the primary anxiety disorder, compared with controls, and examine potential moderators of treatment effects. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018091744). Electronic databases (Web of Science, MEDLINE, Psycinfo, EMBASE) were searched from January 1990 to December 2019. 2511 articles were reviewed, those meeting strict criteria were included. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted. Analyses of symptom severity outcomes comprised sixteen studies (CBT k = 15, non-CBT k = 1; n = 766 adolescents), and analyses of diagnostic remission outcomes comprised nine (CBT k = 9; n = 563 adolescents). Post-treatment, those receiving treatment were significantly more likely to experience reduced symptom severity (SMD = 0.454, 95% CI 0.22-0.69) and remission from the primary anxiety disorder than controls (RR = 7.94, 95% CI 3.19-12.7) (36% treatment vs. 9% controls in remission). None of the moderators analysed were statistically significant. Psychological therapies targeting anxiety disorders in adolescents are more effective than controls. However, with only just over a third in remission post-treatment, there is a clear need to develop more effective treatments for adolescents, evaluated through high-quality randomised controlled trials incorporating active controls and follow-up data.

Anterior resection (AR) may result in defecatory dysfunction and the cause is multifactorial. The aim was to explore if dysfunction could be related to the part of the colon used for anastomosis (sigmoid or descending) and to identify other possible risk factors for bowel dysfunction after AR.

This is a retrospective study based on prospectively registered data from a regional registry at the surgical department in Västmanland 1996-2019. Bowel function was registered at 1year after AR or after stoma reversal. In total, 470 stage I-III rectal cancer patients had AR whereof 412 were included in this study.

Clustering was seen in 57%, incontinence 29%, urgency 22%, and evacuatory dysfunction 16%. The part of the colon used for anastomosis, level of vascular tie, and gender were not significantly associated with defecatory dysfunction. The higher the anastomotic level, the lower the risk of incontinence (OR 0.75; CI 0.63-0.90; p < 0.001) and clustering (OR 0.78; CI 0.67-0.90; p < 0.001). Compared with patients without a loop-ileostomy, an increased risk of clustering (OR 1.89; 1.08-3.31; p = 0.03), incontinence (OR 2.48; 1.29-4.77; p < 0.01), and urgency (OR 4.61; CI 2.02-10.60; p < 0.001) was seen after loop-ileostomy closure. Preoperative radiotherapy had a negative impact on continence and clustering seen mainly in the unadjusted analysis.

The part of the colon used for anastomosis was not a significantly associated functional outcome after anterior resection. Low anastomotic level and having had a diverting ileostomy were independent risk factors associated with negative functional outcomes.

The part of the colon used for anastomosis was not a significantly associated functional outcome after anterior resection. Low anastomotic level and having had a diverting ileostomy were independent risk factors associated with negative functional outcomes.

Osteoarthritis of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) is relatively common in elderly people. Extensor digitorum communis (EDC) ruptures occasionally and occurs with or without prior signs in these people. The purpose of this study was to clarify the radiographic changes in the distal ulna associated with EDC rupture.

We analyzed plain radiographs of 71 patients with non-rheumatoid arthritis and 40 controls. Radiographic changes in the distal ulna were categorized into normal, osteoarthritic-change (OA-change), and taper. We measured the ulnar variance (UV) and ulnar bowing angle in the posteroanterior radiographs and the dorsal bowing angle (DBA) and dorsal protrusion (DP) in the lateral radiographs. The shape of the sigmoid notch (SN) was categorized into flat, radial inclination, and dimple. The primary outcome was a comparison of radiographic parameters between the patient and the control groups. The secondary outcome was an analysis of the type of SN to investigate factors affecting ulnar deformation.

The ratio of the radiographic change in the ulna, UV, DBA, and DP was significantly larger in the patient group than in the control group. Patients with the radial inclination type of SN showed a greater UV than those with the dimple type.

Deformation of the distal ulna, a large UV, dorsal penetration, and dorsal bowing was related to EDC rupture. Regarding the large UV, the lunate shaved the upper half of the distal ulna, whereas the DRUJ shaved the lower half. These processes formed a tapered ulna head. A large UV and an inclination of the DRUJ played a role in ulnar head deformation.

Deformation of the distal ulna, a large UV, dorsal penetration, and dorsal bowing was related to EDC rupture. Regarding the large UV, the lunate shaved the upper half of the distal ulna, whereas the DRUJ shaved the lower half. These processes formed a tapered ulna head. A large UV and an inclination of the DRUJ played a role in ulnar head deformation.Hypothesis testing is a central statistical method in psychology and the cognitive sciences. However, the problems of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) and p values have been debated widely, but few attractive alternatives exist. This article introduces the fbst R package, which implements the Full Bayesian Significance Test (FBST) to test a sharp null hypothesis against its alternative via the e value. The statistical theory of the FBST has been introduced more than two decades ago and since then the FBST has shown to be a Bayesian alternative to NHST and p values with both theoretical and practical highly appealing properties. The algorithm provided in the fbst package is applicable to any Bayesian model as long as the posterior distribution can be obtained at least numerically. The core function of the package provides the Bayesian evidence against the null hypothesis, the e value. Additionally, p values based on asymptotic arguments can be computed and rich visualizations for communication and interpretation of the results can be produced.