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1% increase from 2016. From 2016 to 2017, the nonfatal overdose rates for all drug types increased significantly except for those involving benzodiazepines. These findings highlight the importance of continued surveillance of nonfatal drug overdoses treated in EDs to inform public health actions and, working collaboratively with clinical and public safety partners, to link patients to needed recovery and treatment resources (e.g., medication-assisted treatment).Approximately 2.8 million nonfatal workplace illnesses and injuries were reported in the United States in 2018 (1). Current surveillance methods might underestimate the prevalence of occupational injuries and illnesses (2,3). One way to obtain more information on occupational morbidity is to assess workers' perceptions about whether they have ever experienced health problems related to work (4). Occupational exposures might directly cause, contribute to, exacerbate, or predispose workers to various health problems (work-related health problems). CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health estimated the lifetime prevalence of self-reported, work-related health problems for the currently employed population overall and stratified by various demographic and job characteristics using data from the 2018 version of the SummerStyles survey. Overall, 35.1% of employed respondents had ever experienced a work-related health problem (95% confidence interval [CI] = 33.0%-37.3%). The most commonly reported work-related health problem was back pain (19.4%, 95% CI = 17.6%-21.2%). Among industries, construction (48.6%, 95% CI = 36.54%-60.58%) had the highest prevalence of any work-related health problems. Workplace injury and illness prevention programs are needed to reduce the prevalence of work-related health problems, especially in higher-risk industries.On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic (1). As of March 28, 2020, a total of 571,678 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 26,494 deaths have been reported worldwide (2). Reports from China and Italy suggest that risk factors for severe disease include older age and the presence of at least one of several underlying health conditions (3,4). U.S. older adults, including those aged ≥65 years and particularly those aged ≥85 years, also appear to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19-associated outcomes; however, data describing underlying health conditions among U.S. COVID-19 patients have not yet been reported (5). As of March 28, 2020, U.S. states and territories have reported 122,653 U.S. COVID-19 cases to CDC, including 7,162 (5.8%) for whom data on underlying health conditions and other known risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections were reported. Among these 7,162 cases, 2,692 (37.6%) patients had one or more underlying health condition or risk factor, and 4,470 (62.4%) had none of these conditions reported. The percentage of COVID-19 patients with at least one underlying health condition or risk factor was higher among those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (358 of 457, 78%) and those requiring hospitalization without ICU admission (732 of 1,037, 71%) than that among those who were not hospitalized (1,388 of 5,143, 27%). The most commonly reported conditions were diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease. These preliminary findings suggest that in the United States, persons with underlying health conditions or other recognized risk factors for severe outcomes from respiratory infections appear to be at a higher risk for severe disease from COVID-19 than are persons without these conditions.BACKGROUND The current study aimed to compare the effects of dapagliflozin and sitagliptin on insulin resistant and body fat distribution in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was an open-label, parallel controlled study. Patients were included if they were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes ( less then 6 months) and had been receiving dapagliflozin or sitagliptin for 12 weeks in combination with a stable dose of metformin in the last month. At baseline and 12 weeks, insulin resistant (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), body fat distribution (waist/hip ratio), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profiles, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level were compared. RESULTS There were 59 patients receiving dapagliflozin and 67 patients receiving sitagliptin. There was no significant between-group difference in baseline characteristics. After 12 weeks of treatment, compared to the sitagliptin group, the FBG (6.4±0.5 versus 6.7±0.7 mmol/L), HbA1c (7.0±0.4 versus 7.2±0.5%), HOMA-IR (1.6±0.5 versus 1.8±0.6), triglyceride (1.6±0.4 versus 1.8±0.3 mmol/L), and CRP (3.1±0.7 versus 3.3±0.5 mg/L) were slightly lower in the dapagliflozin group. Within each group, compared to baseline, FBG (dapagliflozin [6.4±0.5 versus 7.8±0.7 mmol/L]; sitagliptin [6.7±0.7 versus 7.7±0.6 mmol/L]), HbA1c (dapagliflozin [7.0±0.4 versus 8.0±0.5%]; sitagliptin [7.2±0.5 versus 8.1%±0.6%]), HOMA-IR (dapagliflozin [1.6±0.5 versus 2.4±0.4]; sitagliptin [1.8±0.6 versus 2.5±0.4]), triglyceride (dapagliflozin [1.6±0.4 versus 2.2±0.5 mmol/L]; sitagliptin [1.8±0.3 versus 2.1±0.5 mmol/L]), and CRP (dapagliflozin [3.1±0.7 versus 6.2±1.1 mg/L]; sitagliptin [3.3±0.5 versus 6.1±1.0 mg/L]) were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin and sitagliptin had comparable effects on improving insulin resistant and blood glucose control, and these benefits may be associated with improvement of systemic inflammation.Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease. HS appears to be a primary abnormality in the pilosebaceous-apocrine unit. In this work, we characterized hair follicle stem cells isolated from HS patients and more precisely the Outer Root Sheath Cells (ORS). We show that hair follicles from HS patients have an increased number of proliferating progenitor cells and lose quiescent stem cells. Remarkably, we also show that the progression of replication forks is altered in HS-ORS and activates the ATR-CHK1 pathway. These alterations are associated with an increased number of micronuclei and with the presence of cytoplasmic ssDNA, leading to the activation of IFI16-STING pathway and the production of type I IFNs. This mechanistic analysis of the etiology of HS in the hair follicle stem cells compartment establishes a formal link between the genetic predisposition and skin inflammation observed in HS.A common variant in the RAB27A gene in adults was recently found to be associated with the fractional exhaled nitric oxide level, a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The small GTPase, Rab27, is known to regulate intracellular vesicle traffic, although its role in allergic responses is unclear. We demonstrated that exophilin-5, a Rab27 binding protein, was predominantly expressed in both the major IL-33 producers, lung epithelial cells, and the specialized IL-5 and IL-13 producers in CD44highCXCR3lowCD62Llow pathogenic T helper 2 (Th2) cell population in mice. Exophilin-5 deficiency increased stimulant-dependent damages and IL-33 secretion of lung epithelial cells. PD123319 chemical structure Moreover, it enhanced IL-5 and IL-13 production in response to TCR and IL-33 stimulation from a specific subset of pathogenic Th2 cells that expresses a high level of IL-33 receptor, which exacerbated allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Mechanistically, exophilin-5 regulates extracellular superoxide release, intracellular ROS production, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity by controlling intracellular traffic of Nox2-containing vesicles, which seems to prevent the overactivation of pathogenic Th2 cells mediated by IL-33. This is the first report to establish the significance of Rab27-related protein exophilin-5 in the development of allergic airway inflammation, and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of asthma.in English, Spanish INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS Los cuerpos extraños uretro-vesicales y vesicales por cables eléctricos son los más infrecuentes. Los objetivos de este artículo son presentar el primer caso mundial de cuerpo extraño uretro-vesical por el cable de un videojuego y revisar las 5 publicaciones españolas.CASO CLÍNICO Varón de 14 años que acudió a urgencias por cable retenido en uretra, uretralgia, dolor hipogástrico e incontinencia de orina maloliente. La radiografía simple de abdomen mostró un ovillo de cable retenido en vejiga que salía por meato. Fue intervenido practicándose cistotomía. Fue dado de alta 24 horas después. CONCLUSIONES Los cuerpos extraños uretrales y vesicales por cable eléctrico son una patología poco frecuente. Pueden obedecer a diversas motivaciones. El tratamiento consiste en la extracción del cable, pudiendo ser llevado a cabo mediante cirugía endoscópica o abierta según el tamaño y morfología del cable. Es aconsejable estudiar el estado mental de estos pacientes.in English, Spanish OBJETIVO Presentar nuestros resultados en los primeros 12 pacientes en los que hemos realizado prostatectomía radical perineal robotica sin gas.MÉTODOS Se realizó la prostatectomia radical robótica perineal sin gas en 12 casos entre agosto 2018 y octubre 2018. RNM multiparamétrica se realizó en todos los pacientes para excluir enfermedad avanzada local. Las características demográficas, detalles técnicos y datos intra e postoperatorios fueron analizados. RESULTADOS La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue de 62,6 ± 6 años. El IMC medio fue de 27 ± 4 kg/m2, cuatro pacientes tenían historia de cirugía abdominal previa. EL PSA preoperatorio fue de 7,4 ± 2,5 ng/mL. El tamaño prostático medio fue de 40 ± 10,2 cc. El tiempo medio de disección perineal fue de 45,6 ± 5,8 minutos. El tiempo medio de consola y el tiempo quirúrgico total fueron de 117,8 ± 28,1 y 163,3 ± 30,7 minutos, respectivamente. El tiempo medio a la retirada de sonda fue de 9,2 ± 1,9 dias. La continencia inmediata fue de 25% después de la retirada de la sonda y la tasa de continencia fue de 75% y 92% al 3r y 6º mes de seguimiento, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES La prostatectomía radical robótica perineal sin gas es un procedimiento eficiente y seguro en la cirugía del cáncer de próstata. Aunque estudios prospectivos randomizados y estudios comparativos son necesarios con más series de pacientes.in English, Spanish OBJETIVOS Aunque la asociación entre los inhibidores de la 5’alfa reductasa y el tratamiento de la alopecia y de la hiperplasia benigna de próstata esta bien establecido, el impacto de dutasteride en la estructura testicular no esta claro. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar las alteraciones en la espermatogénesis y concentraciones de FSH, LH, testosterona y dihidrotestosterona junto con el estado oxidativo del testículo y en sangre de ratas con la administración diaria dedutasteride. MÉTODOS Un total de 18 ratas Sprague Dawle fueron divididas en 2 grupos control (n=8) y dutasteride (n=10). Después de una administración crónica de dutasteride, las ratas fueron sacrificadas y los testículos se analizaron del punto de vista anatomopatológico y bioquímico. Los criterios de Johnsen fueron utilizados para valorar la espermatogénesis. Los niveles séricos hormonales y de especias reactivas del oxigeno en el tejido testicular y serum fueron medidos con ECLIA y ELISA respectivamente. Los resultados se compararon con Test Mann-Whitney.