Raynorcarrillo2541

The biological significance of CAF in IBD without dysplasia or carcinoma, deserves to be further investigated.

Esophagectomy is crucial for achieving long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer, while being associated with a significant risk of complications. Aiming to reduce invasiveness and morbidity, total minimal-invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been gradually implemented worldwide. The aim of the study was to compare MIE to open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (OE) for esophageal cancer or cancer of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), in terms of postoperative and oncological outcomes.

Clinicopathological data of patients undergoing oncologic transthoracic esophagectomy (Ivor Lewis procedure) between 2010 and 2019 were assessed. Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival of patients undergoing OE were compared to those after MIE using 11 propensity score matching.

After excluding hybrid and robotic procedures, 90 patients who underwent MIE were compared with a matched cohort of 90 patients who underwent OE. MIE was associated with lower major postoperative morbidity (31% vs. 46%, p=0.046) and lower 90-day mortality (2% vs. 12%, p=0.010) compared to OE. MIE showed non-inferior 3-year overall (65% vs. FPS-ZM1 chemical structure 52%, p=0.019) and comparable disease-free survival rates (49% vs. 51%, p=0.851) in comparison to OE.

Our data suggest that MIE should be preferably performed in patients with esophageal cancer or cancer of the GEJ.

Our data suggest that MIE should be preferably performed in patients with esophageal cancer or cancer of the GEJ.

Previous studies of node-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma have shown a benefit of elective neck dissection compared to observation. Evidence for radiotherapy as single-modality elective treatment of the node-negative neck is so far lacking.

In a retrospective material of 420 early-stage oral cancers from 2000 to 2016, overall survival, disease-free survival, and regional relapse-free survival were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method.

At five years, overall survival was 59.7%, disease-specific survival was 77.2%, and regional relapse-free survival was 83.5%. Among those with adjuvant treatment of the neck after surgery of T1-T2 tumours during 2009-2016, regional relapse-free survival at five years was 85.7% for elective radiotherapy of the neck and 87.4% for elective neck dissection.

Elective radiotherapy to the neck with a modern technique and adequate dose might be an alternative to neck dissection for patients with early-stage oral squamous cell cancer.

Elective radiotherapy to the neck with a modern technique and adequate dose might be an alternative to neck dissection for patients with early-stage oral squamous cell cancer.

Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that has been reported to have antitumor activity in many cancer types. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of metformin.

We investigated the molecular mechanism of the antitumor effect of metformin alone and in combination with AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) inhibition via cell viability and western blot analyses.

Notably, metformin increased the phosphorylation of AKT at serine 473 using protein array screening. Metformin-induced AKT activation was markedly suppressed by siRNA targeting activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) but not AMP-activated protein kinase α. These results indicate that AKT activation by metformin was induced in an ATF4-dependent and AMPKα-independent manner. Treatment using metformin combined with MK-2206, an AKT inhibitor, or a siRNA for AKT markedly reduced the viability of cells compared with those cells treated with these agents alone. In addition, MK-2206 increased cell sensitivity to the combination of metformin with ionizing radiation or cisplatin.

Inhibition of AKT can enhance the antitumor effect of metformin and would be a promising strategy to sensitize non-small-cell lung cancer to a combination of metformin with radiation or cisplatin.

Inhibition of AKT can enhance the antitumor effect of metformin and would be a promising strategy to sensitize non-small-cell lung cancer to a combination of metformin with radiation or cisplatin.

Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) is one of the most widely used toxins in the construction of therapeutic fusion proteins in pre-clinical studies followed by phase trials. In principle, PE acts by blocking protein synthesis through catalyzing the inactivation of elongation factor-2 (EF-2). The interleukin-13 fused PE (IL13-PE) cytotoxin was previously designed to target GBM cells. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of IL13-PE were evaluated in 5 different types of cancers and the therapeutic effects were further analyzed in a lung cancer cell line, NCI-H460. Conceptually, in another lung cancer cell line (A549), IL13Rα2 was overexpressed by lentiviruses (A549-IL13Rα2) and evaluated for cytotoxic efficacy of IL13-PE.

The expression profile of IL13Rα2 in different cancer cell lines was determined by RT-PCR. Secretable toxin fusion was expressed in the toxin resistant HEK-293T cell line (293T-TxR) by using a plasmid coding for IL13-PE and IRES-GFP (LV-IL13-PE-IRES/GFP). Next, the cells were shown to produce and secrete functional IL13-PE by dot blot analysis, followed by cell viability assays and cell death analysis.

Upon treatment with IL13-PE, a significant decrease in cell viability was selectively demonstrated in cancer cells with cognate receptor expression. IL13-PE treatment increased the apoptotic/necrotic cell populations in the NCI-H460 cell line.

Our results demonstrate that IL13-PE can be a therapeutic target for tumors bearing mostly IL13Rα2 positive cell populations. Our findings also suggest a cell-based delivery option for the recombinant toxins in the treatment of different cancers which can provide a solution for the clinical use of toxin therapy.

Our results demonstrate that IL13-PE can be a therapeutic target for tumors bearing mostly IL13Rα2 positive cell populations. Our findings also suggest a cell-based delivery option for the recombinant toxins in the treatment of different cancers which can provide a solution for the clinical use of toxin therapy.