Raunhovgaard8255

Autophagy-Dependent Ferroptosis being a Therapeutic Goal throughout Cancer malignancy.

BACKGROUND Prolonged postoperative ileus (PPOI) is a prolonged state of "pathological" gastrointestinal (GI) tract dysmotility. There are relatively few studies examining the influence of preoperative nutritional status on the development of PPOI in patients who underwent GI surgery. The association between preoperative albumin and PPOI has not been fully studied. We hypothesized that preoperative albumin may be an independent indicator of PPOI. AIM To analyze the role of preoperative albumin in predicting PPOI and to establish a nomogram for clinical risk evaluation. METHODS Patients were drawn from a prospective hospital registry database of GI surgery. see more A total of 311 patients diagnosed with gastric or colorectal cancer between June 2016 and March 2017 were included. Potential predictors of PPOI were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, and a nomogram for quantifying the presence of PPOI was developed and internally validated. RESULTS The overall PPOI rate was 21.54%. Advan 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer (GC) has gained widespread use as a safe curative procedure especially for early GC. AIM To determine risk factors for postoperative complications after minimally invasive gastrectomy for GC. METHODS Between January 2009 and June 2019, 1716 consecutive patients were referred to our division for primary GC. Among them, 1401 patients who were diagnosed with both clinical and pathological Stage III or lower GC and underwent robotic gastrectomy (RG) or laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) were enrolled. Retrospective chart review and multivariate analysis were performed for identifying risk factors for postoperative morbidity. RESULTS Morbidity following minimally invasive gastrectomy was observed in 7.5% of the patients. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that non-robotic minimally invasive surgery, male gender, and an operative time of ≥ 360 min were significant independent risk factors for morbidity. see more Therefore, morbidity was compared between RG and LG. Accordingly, propensity-matched cohort analysis revealed that the RG group had significantly fewer intra-abdominal infectious complications than the LG group (2.5% vs 5.9%, respectively; P = 0.038), while no significant differences were noted for other local or systemic complications. Multivariate analyses of the propensity-matched cohort revealed that non-robotic minimally invasive surgery [odds ratio = 2.463 (1.070-5.682); P = 0.034] was a significant independent risk factor for intra-abdominal infectious complications. CONCLUSION The findings showed that robotic surgery might improve short-term outcomes following minimally invasive radical gastrectomy by reducing intra-abdominal infectious complications. ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Intestinal inflammation is a common digestive tract disease, which is usually treated with hormone medicines. Hormone medicines are effective to some extent, but long-term use of them may bring about many complications. AIM To explore the protective effects of panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced intestinal inflammatory injury through phosphoinositide-3-kinase protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway inhibition in rats. METHODS Colitis rat models were generated via DSS induction, and rats were divided into control (no modeling), DSS, DSS + PNS 50 mg/k, and DSS + PNS 100 mg/kg groups. Then, the intestinal injury, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory indices, tight junction proteins, apoptosis, macrophage polarization, and TLR4/AKT signaling pathway in colon tissues from rats in each of the groups were detected. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the colon tissue of rats was blocked using the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor, LY294002. RESULTS Comped M1 macrophages in spleen and colon tissues. This group further showed significantly increased M2 macrophages in colon tissues, and significantly suppressed activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, as well as a dose dependency (all P less then 0.05). When the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was inhibited, the apoptosis rate of colon tissue cells in the DSS + LY294002 group was significantly lower than that of the DSS group (P less then 0.05). CONCLUSION PNS can protect rats against DSS-induced intestinal inflammatory injury by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and therefore may be potentially used in the future as a drug for colitis. ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The exact mechanism of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)-induced hypomagnesemia (PPIH) is largely unknown. Previous studies proposed that PPIH is a consequence of intestinal Mg2+ malabsorption. However, the mechanism of PPIs-suppressed intestinal Mg2+ absorption is under debate. AIM To investigate the effect of 12-wk and 24-wk omeprazole injection on the total, transcellular, and paracellular Mg2+ absorption in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of male Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS The rats received 20 mg/kg∙d subcutaneous omeprazole injection for 12 or 24 wk. Plasma and urinary Mg2+, Ca2+, and PO4 3- levels were measured. The plasma concentrations of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin were also observed. The duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of each rat were mounted onto individual modified Using chamber setups to study the rates of total, transcellular, and paracellular Mg2+ absor%, respectively. Compared with the control rats, the rats with PPIH had significantly higher TRPM6 and CNNM4 expression levels throughout the intestinal tract. CONCLUSION Intestinal Mg2+ malabsorption was observed throughout the intestinal tract of rats with PPIH. PPIs mainly suppressed small intestinal Mg2+ absorption. Omeprazole exerted no effect on the intraluminal acidic pH in the colon. Thus, the lowest percent suppression of total Mg2+ absorption was found in the colon. The expression levels of TRPM6 and CNNM4 increased, indicating the presence of a compensatory response to Mg2+ malabsorption in rats with PPIH. Therefore, the small intestine is an appropriate segment that should be modulated to counteract PPIH. ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.