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in (H2O2 + AgNO3)-treated seedlings, without significantly compromising the total levels of glyceollins, compared to (ROS + R)-treated seedlings. The most abundant prenylated isoflavone induced was 6-prenyl daidzein, which constituted 60% of the total isoflavones. The prenylated coumestan, phaseol, was also induced in the (H2O2 + AgNO3)-treated and microbially elicited seedlings. Based on previously developed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models, 6-prenyl daidzein and phaseol were predicted to be promising antibacterials. Overall, we show that treatment with H2O2 and AgNO3 prior to microbial elicitation leads to the production of promising antibacterial isoflavonoids from different subclasses. Extracts rich in prenylated isoflavonoids may potentially be applied as natural antimicrobial agents.The threat assessment process is a crucial part of intelligent vehicles (IVs) for evaluating the levels of criticality and taking possible measures to avoid the collision, especially for the collision avoidance systems (CAS). In this study, a novel threat assessment framework based on the driver's evasive behavior, namely the CPIC, is proposed, which integrates the crash probability (CP) and inevitable crash (IC) state to be widely used by different CAS in different scenarios. In the first step of the CPIC framework, the detailed evasive driver behavior models (E-DBMs) in the form of probability density functions (PDFs) were introduced to generate more realistic collision-avoidance trajectories. Thymidine concentration Two techniques for sampling these trajectories, namely the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and adaptive Gaussian mixture framework (GMM) methods, were utilized to ensure the samples were from the area of high probability density in the E-DBMs. The CP value could be derived by considering multiple collision-avoidance trajectories. To confirm the IC state in step 2, the CPIC framework employed the driving limit-based approach for IC checking, which combined the CP value to double-check the unavoidable collision. A total of 82 critical events from the real-world naturalistic driving study, the Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP2), were extracted to verify the performance of the CPIC framework in different scenarios. Results show that the proposed method clearly revealed the risk levels when two vehicles were approaching, and 80 events were successfully identified as near crashes/crashes. Moreover, the real-time performance of the CPIC framework was also demonstrated. The findings indicate this CPIC framework could be used in practical applications of IVs in different scenarios.In light of environmental concerns and changing consumer demands, efforts are increasing to replace frequently used animal-based emulsifiers. We demonstrate the interfacial network formation and emulsifying potential of Arthrospira platensis protein extracts and hypothesize a mechanistic change upon progressing purification. A microalgae suspension of A. platensis powder in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7, 0.1 M) was homogenized and insoluble components separated by centrifugation. Proteins were precipitated at the identified isoelectric point at pH 3.5 and diafiltrated. In interfacial shear rheology measurements, the build-up of an interfacial viscoelastic network was faster and final network strength increased with the degree of purification. It is suggested that isolated A. platensis proteins rapidly form an interconnected protein layer while coextracted surfactants impede protein adsorption for crude and soluble extracts. Emulsions with 20 vol % medium chain triglycerides (MCT) oil could be formed with all extracts of different degrees of purification. Normalized by protein concentration, smaller droplets could be stabilized with the isolated fractions. For potential applications in food, pharma and cosmetic product categories, the enhanced functionality has to be balanced against the loss in biomass while purifying microalgae proteins or other alternative single cell proteins.Control and insight into the abundance of inter-shelled channel active sites and charge transport mechanism are the long-term challenges for enhancing photocatalytic activity. Herein, the Ni2P quantum dots (QDs) are decorated in the multi-shelled CaTiO3 cube for creating the abundance of inter-shelled channel active sites, which greatly improve the photocatalytic performances for generating H2 and degrading tetracycline (TC) relative to pure CaTiO3 and Ni2P. Moreover, the Z-scheme mechanism and the quantum effect of the Ni2P in multi-shelled CaTiO3 cube play a crucial role for enhancing photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, the photoelectric researches demonstrate that the Ni2P/CaTiO3 heterostructure possesses more abundant active sites, smaller interface transmission resistance and faster photo-generated charge transfer efficiency. This work provides a meaningful model to research other materials with creating the abundance of inter-shelled channel active sites for the photo-electrocatalytic field.A novel visible-light-responsive 2D/2D g-C3N4/Bi4NbO8Cl nano-composite photocatalyst was hydrothermally synthesized using g-C3N4 and Bi4NbO8Cl. Various characterization techniques were employed to characterize the as-synthesized g-C3N4/Bi4NbO8Cl nano-composites. The photocatalytic efficiency of the nano-composite materials was assessed by the degradation of an emerging pharmaceutical pollutant, oxytetracycline (OTC), under visible LED light irradiation. It was observed that at an optimum mass ratio of 20% (g-C3N4 to Bi4NbO8Cl), the 20g-C3N4/Bi4NbO8Cl nano-composite produced the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency toward OTC. The photocatalytic degradation of OTC (20 mgL-1) by 20g-C3N4/Bi4NbO8Cl (1 gL-1), under 60 min of visible LED light irradiation was 87%, which was about 1.2 and 1.8 times higher as compared to that of pure Bi4NbO8Cl and g-C3N4, respectively. This improved performance was associated with the formation of type-II heterojunction, which resulted in better visible-light absorption and reduced recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Moreover, it was observed that after four cycles of degradation experiments, the nano-composite was stable. The results of this work not only demonstrate the construction of 2D/2D g-C3N4/Bi4NbO8Cl nano-composite for successful low-cost and energy-efficient photocatalytic degradation of recalcitrant pollutant but also motivate the production of similar photocatalysts targeting environmental remediation.