Raskhermansen2857

In the multivariate regression analysis, country of origin, moderate stage of the dementia, depressive and delusional symptoms, and anti-dementia medication were significantly associated with suicidal ideation (p  less then  0.05). Over time, suicidal ideation decreased from severe to mild or became absent in 54% of the persons with dementia.Conclusion It is essential that professionals identify older persons with dementia and suicidal ideation and depressive and other psychological symptoms in order to give them appropriate treatment and provide relief for their informal caregivers. We emphasize the importance of identifying suicidal ideation, irrespective of depressive symptoms, and specifically of paying attention to persons with moderate dementia. Living with the informal caregiver seems to be associated with staying stable without suicidal ideation.Background and Objectives Based on the results of past research on emotion regulation and positive behavioral change via self-affirmation, it was hypothesized that self-affirmation should help socially anxious individuals to reduce social anxiety symptoms. The effectiveness of a brief self-affirmation intervention framed in terms of implementation intentions (if-then plans with self-affirming cognitions) was compared against forming non-affirming implementation intentions (with distraction as a way of coping) and inactive control condition. Additionally, it was tested whether mental contrasting can augment the impact of the self-affirmation intervention.Design/Methods Participants (N = 198, aged 18-45) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention conditions (self-affirming implementation intention, mental contrasting with self-affirming implementation intention, or non-affirming implementation intention) or an inactive control-group. Social anxiety symptoms were assessed at baseline and at one-week post-intervention.Results The difference between the interventions and the control group was substantial. However, there were no differences in the reduction of overall social anxiety levels between the interventions. Each of the interventions produced a statistically significant reduction in social anxiety (Cohen's ds from -.40 to -.50).Conclusions The results indicate no advantage for self-affirming over non-affirming implementation intentions in reducing social anxiety symptoms. Moreover, no superiority of mental contrasting was found.Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises about 10-20% of all diagnosed breast cancers. Increasing evidence shows that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, can influence the development, progression, and prognosis of TNBC In Vivo and In Vitro; however, clinical evidence supporting the effect of ω-3PUFAs on TNBC is lacking. Research has demonstrated that ω-3PUFAs can induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway, and that ω-3PUFAs can improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs. Using ω-3PUFA supplementation in addition to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer may result in enhanced anti-tumor effects that will be particularly applicable to difficult to treat phenotypes such as TNBC. The aim of the current review was to summarize the evidence-base supporting the antitumor effects of omega-3 PUFAs in TNBC.BACKGROUND Emergency departments (EDs) play an important role in health systems since they are the front line for patients with emergency medical conditions who frequently require diagnostic tests and timely treatment. OBJECTIVE To improve decision-making and accelerate processes in EDs, this study proposes predictive models for classifying patients according to whether or not they are likely to require a diagnostic test based on referral diagnosis, age, gender, triage category and type of arrival. METHOD Retrospective data were categorised into four output patient groups not requiring any diagnostic test (group A); requiring a radiology test (group B); requiring a laboratory test (group C); requiring both tests (group D). Angiogenesis inhibitor Multivariable logistic regression models were used, with the outcome classifications represented as a series of binary variables test (1) or no test (0); in the case of group A, no test (1) or test (0). RESULTS For all models, age, triage category, type of arrival and referral diagnosis were significant predictors whereas gender was not. The main referral diagnosis with high model coefficients varied by designed output groups (groups A, B, C and D). The overall accuracies of the logistic regression models for groups A, B, C and D were, respectively, 74.11%, 73.07%, 82.47% and 85.79%. Specificity metrics were higher than the sensitivities for groups B, C and D, meaning that these models were better able to predict negative outcomes. IMPLICATIONS These results provide guidance for ED triage staff, researchers and practitioners in making rapid decisions regarding patients' diagnostic test requirements based on specified variables in the predictive models. This is critical in ED operations planning as it potentially decreases waiting times, while increasing patient satisfaction and operational performance.OBJECTIVES To determine whether established prognosis tools used in the general population of critically ill patients will accurately predict tracheotomy-related outcomes and survival outcomes in critically ill patients undergoing tracheotomy. METHODS Retrospective chart review of 94 consecutive critically ill patients undergoing isolated tracheotomy. RESULTS Logistic Organ Dysfunction System (LODS) and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, 2 validated measures of acuity in critically ill patients, were calculated for all patients. The only tracheotomy-related outcome of significance was the finding that patients with an LODS score ≤6 were more likely to become ventilator independent (P less then .015). Higher LODS or SOFA scores were associated with in-house death (LODS, P = .001, SOFA, P = .008) and death within 90 days (LODS, P = .009, SOFA, P = .031), while death within 180 days was associated only with a higher LODS score (LODS, P = .018). When controlling for age, there was an association between both LODS (P = .015) and SOFA (P = .019) scores and death within 90 days of tracheotomy. CONCLUSIONS The survival outcome for critically ill patients undergoing tracheotomy seems accurately predicted based on scoring systems designed for use in the general population of critically ill patients. Logistic Organ Dysfunction System may also be useful to predict the likelihood of the tracheotomy-related outcome of ventilator independence. This suggests that LODS scores may be helpful to palliative care clinicians as part of a shared decision-making aid in critically ill, ventilated patients for whom tracheotomy is being considered.The topic of this tutorial is the effective dimensionality (ED) of a dataset, that is, the equivalent number of orthogonal dimensions that would produce the same overall pattern of covariation. The ED quantifies the total dimensionality of a set of variables, with no assumptions about their underlying structure. The ED of a dataset has important implications for the "curse of dimensionality"; it can be used to inform decisions about data analysis and answer meaningful empirical questions. The tutorial offers an accessible introduction to ED, distinguishes it from the related but distinct concept of intrinsic dimensionality, critically reviews various ED estimators, and gives indications for practical use with examples from personality research. An R function is provided to implement the techniques described in the tutorial.Background and Objective Type D personality has been associated with increased perceptions of stress. As Type D individuals have been noted to report lower social support and greater perceptions of negativity in social interactions, this study examined if the association between Type D personality and life events stress was mediated by these social relationships.Design A cross-sectional design.Methods Undergraduate students (N = 197) completed questionnaires assessing Type D personality, social support, negative social relationships, and life events stress.Results Unadjusted analyses revealed that Type D individuals perceived their life events to be significantly more stressful than non-Type D individuals. Type D individuals also reported increased perceptions of negative social relationships and lower social support. Finally, the association between Type D personality and life events stress was mediated by perceptions of negative social relationships. However, when controlling for the main effects of negative affectivity and social inhibition, Type D was not significantly associated with social relationship or life events variables. Further, effects appeared to be primarily driven by negative affectivity.Conclusion These results support recent findings in the Type D literature that have identified null effects of Type D when controlling for negative affectivity.Background and objective The study aim was to examine the predictive effect of parental attachment on positive psychological outcomes (posttraumatic growth, PTG) and negative psychological outcomes (posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms), and to test the mediating role of positive and negative coping in the relationship among adolescents following an earthquake in China.Design The study used a longitudinal design with a 6-month time interval.Method Data was collected from middle schools in the most severely affected areas at 18 and 24 months following an earthquake. Data were analyzed from 398 adolescents who completed self-report measures of parental attachment, coping, PTSD, depression, and PTG. Path analysis was conducted to examine the relationships among the main study variables.Results Secure parental attachment predicted lower PTSD and depression symptoms at 24-months follow-up, and negative coping partly mediated the effects of parental attachment on PTSD and depression. No significant association was observed between parental attachment and PTG.Conclusions The findings indicate that secure parental attachment had a protective effect for adolescents after the disaster. Such attachment may reduce the use of negative coping and in turn decrease psychological distress over time.Phenols are bioactive substances of great interest because of their involvement in plant physiology, their use in many industrial processes, and their impact on human health. This work aims to summarize the varied approaches to the phenolic analysis of chestnut (bark and wood of trunk and branches, leaves, catkins, burs, and fruit) and to collate the optimal conditions into an easy to follow and execute protocol. Phenolic compounds were extracted by solid-liquid extraction and separated by liquid-liquid extraction. Total phenols content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, condensed tannins by vanillin assay, and hydrolyzable tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins) by high-performance liquid chromatography quantification of methyl gallate and ellagic acid following acid methanolysis. The lowest temperature for conservation (-80 ℃), lyophilization, and milling (liquid N2) were the most effective pretreatments for samples. For quantification of tannins, the use of water clearly reduced the sensitivity of the analysis of condensed tannins, whilst the more efficient degradation capacity of sulfuric acid improved the methanolysis of hydrolyzable tannins.