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The results of this study provided a new perspective about associated factors affecting MSDs and demonstrate that fuzzy logic can be used as a possible tool for evaluating MSDs.

The cost-effectiveness of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) is still a matter of debate. This study compares the cost-effectiveness of open (ODP), laparoscopic (LDP) and robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP).

Pubmed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Studies comparing cost-effectiveness of ODP and MIDP were included.

A total of 1052 titles were screened and 16 articles were included in the study, 2431 patients in total. LDP resulted the most cost-efficient procedure, with a mean total cost of 14,682±5665 € and the lowest readmission rates. ODP had lower surgical procedure costs, 3867±768 €. RDP was the safest approach regarding hospital stay costs (5239±1741 €), length of hospital stay, morbidity, clinically relevant pancreatic fistula and reoperations.

In this meta-analysis MIDP resulted as the most cost-effective approach. LDP seems to be protective against high costs, but RDP seems to be safer.

In this meta-analysis MIDP resulted as the most cost-effective approach. LDP seems to be protective against high costs, but RDP seems to be safer.Environmental pollutants including emerging contaminants are a growing concern worldwide. Organic wastes, such as food waste, compost, animal manure, crop residues, and sludge are generally used as feedstock. The conventional treatment methodologies (primary and secondary treatment process) do not mitigate or remove pollutants effectively. Hence, an effective, low-cost, and environmentally friendly tertiary treatment process is an urgent need. Biochar finds interesting applications in environmental processes like pollutant remediation, greenhouse gas mitigation, and wastewater treatment. Studies have shown that different types of adsorbents (biochars) like, native and engineered biochar are being used in the removal or mitigation of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, disinfectants, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dibenzo-p-dioxins from contaminated sites for environmental management. The review discusses ample studieswhich can offer solutions for environmental sustenance and managementand the emerging trends and techno-economic prospectives of biochar for sustainable environmental management.

Deep repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (deep rTMS) over the bilateral insula and prefrontal cortex (PFC) can promote weight-loss in obesity, preventing cardiometabolic complications as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). To investigate the changes in the functional brain integration after dTMS, we conducted a resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) study in obesity.

This preliminary study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study 9 participants were treated with high-frequency stimulation (realTMS group), 8 were sham-treated (shamTMS group). Out of the 17 enrolled patients, 6 were affected by T2D. Resting-state fMRI scans were acquired at baseline (T0) and after the 5-week intervention (T1). Body weight was measured at three time points [T0, T1, 1-month follow-up visit (FU1)]. A mixed-model analysis showed a significant group-by-time interaction for body weight (p=.04), with a significant decrease (p<.001) in the realTMS group. CB-839 datasheet The rsFC data revealed a significant increase of degree centrality for the realTMS group in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) and a significant decrease in the occipital pole.

An increase of whole-brain functional connections of the mOFC, together with the decrease of whole-brain functional connections with the occipital pole, may reflect a brain mechanism behind weight-loss through a diminished reactivity to bottom-up visual-sensory processes in favor of increased reliance on top-down decision-making processes.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03009695.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03009695.

Experimental and non-experimental human studies have consistently shown a positive association between exposure to the trace element selenium, which occurs primarily through diet, and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Plausible biological mechanisms include adverse effects of selenium and selenium-containing proteins on glucose metabolism. However, the levels of exposure above which risk increases are uncertain.

We examined the association between selenium intake and first hospitalization for type 2 diabetes during a median follow-up period of 8.2 years among 21,335 diabetes-free participants in the Moli-sani cohort, Italy. Selenium intake was ascertained at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire, showing a median value of 59μg/day. During follow-up, we identified 135 incident cases of hospitalization for diabetes, based on population-based hospital discharge data. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hospitalization for diabetes, adjusting for potential confounders. HRs (95% CIs) were 1.01 (0.60-1.70), 1.13 (0.66-1.96) and 1.75 (0.99-3.10) comparing the second, third, and fourth sex-specific quartiles with the first quartile, respectively. Risk was 64% greater in the fourth quartile as compared with the previous three. Spline regression analysis also indicated a steeper increase in risk occurring among men compared with women.

In a large population of Italian adults free of type 2 diabetes at cohort entry, high dietary selenium intake was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for diabetes.

In a large population of Italian adults free of type 2 diabetes at cohort entry, high dietary selenium intake was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for diabetes.

Several susceptibility gene variants predisposing to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been identified in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Evidence supports that 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) rs72613567 plays a role in NAFLD development by affecting lipid homeostasis. Since lipid droplets may accumulate in the kidneys and contribute to renal injury, we investigated the association between the HSD17B13 rs72613567 variant and markers of renal function/injury in NAFLD.

We measured estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary/serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (u-ACR) in individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD. Multivariable regression analyses were undertaken to examine the associations between the HSD17B13 rs72613567 variant and markers of renal function/injury. Individuals were stratified by HSD17B13 rs72613567 genotypes into -/-, A/- and A/A groups. HSD17B13 rs72613567 genotypes were not significantly associated with eGFR and urinary/serum NGAL levels.