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Interpretation of Hürthle cell-predominant cytologies (HCP) is very challenging as a majority is diagnosed as indeterminate. Prior studies have reported various cytologic features to help distinguish non-neoplastic (NN) from neoplastic and malignant lesions but had contradicting results. Our aim was to identify risk factors predictive of neoplasm and/or malignancy by correlating cytologic features with clinical and ultrasound findings.

Sixty-nine HCP cases with surgical follow-up were identified, including 35 NN, 20 adenomas, and 14 carcinomas. Ultrasound data were recorded utilizing Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) and American Thyroid Association (ATA) scoring systems. Sixteen cytologic criteria were evaluated and semi-quantitatively scored. Data were assessed by univariable, multivariable and stepwise logistic regression analysis; and statistical significance achieved at P-value <0.05.

On univariable analysis, significant predictors of neoplasm were high cellularity, isolated single cells, absent colloid, non-uniform HC population (anisonucleosis), larger nodule size, and higher ATA score. Large-cell dysplasia and transgressing blood vessels were not found to be significant factors. Multivariable analysis identified a combination of four risk factors (high cellularity, anisonucleosis, absent colloid, and size ≥2.9cm) that was associated with neoplasm in 10/11 patients. None of 15 patients with zero or 1 out of 4 risk factors had malignancy or neoplasm on follow-up. This model also significantly outperformed ATA and TI-RADS scoring systems.

In the absence of four or three risk factors, the model excluded malignancy and neoplasm in all patients. The presence of all four factors predicted neoplasm and malignancy in 91% and 46% of cases, respectively.

In the absence of four or three risk factors, the model excluded malignancy and neoplasm in all patients. The presence of all four factors predicted neoplasm and malignancy in 91% and 46% of cases, respectively.

This study aimed to examine the effects of SIRT1 agonist resveratrol on bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and the SIRT1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7896005 on bone mass in women during menopause and early postmenopause.

An animal experiment was conducted on rats that were sham-operated (SHAM), OVX or OVX and different administered doses of resveratrol. Serum markers and femur microstructure and staining were assessed. A cross-sectional study was conducted in women undergoing menopause. SIRT1 protein and SIRT1 SNP rs7896005 were evaluated.

OVX rats administered resveratrol, especially high doses, showed lower bone loss than OVX rats. Serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and femur SIRT1, β-catenin and bone mineral density (BMD) were significantly increased, whereas receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) was significantly decreased. Serum SIRT1 levels were significantly lower in women with low bone mass (

 < 0.01). Women with the CA genotype of rs7896005 had lower bone mass than those with the CC genotype. The A allele showed a significant negative effect on bone loss risk (odds ratio = 3.48;

 = 0.025).

Resveratrol stimulated SIRT1 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote bone mass in rat femurs. Among women in perimenopause and early postmenopause, SIRT1 protected bone mass, and the A allele of SIRT1 rs7896005 was a risk factor for reduced bone mass.

Resveratrol stimulated SIRT1 expression and Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote bone mass in rat femurs. Among women in perimenopause and early postmenopause, SIRT1 protected bone mass, and the A allele of SIRT1 rs7896005 was a risk factor for reduced bone mass.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) types and breast cancer (BC) incidence in postmenopausal women in Korea.

The nested case-control study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database. Among the women aged ≥50 years who menopaused between 2004 and 2007, BC incidence up to 2017 was analyzed in 36,446 women using or having used HRT for >1 year and in 36,446 women who did not use any HRT for more than 1 year. HRT types and duration were classified into three categories.

BC risk (BCR) decreased with tibolone use for all ages. With HRT initiation in women aged ≥50 years, BCR was lower with tibolone and estrogen-progestogen therapy. HRT for <3 years showed lower BCR with tibolone, while higher BCR was observed with estrogen-only therapy. BCR was lower in women of all ages on HRT for >5 years than in the control group.

For women in their 50s, tibolone use lowers BCR; for all ages, the use of any HRT for >5 years showed lower BCR in Korea. These divergent results from western countries could be associated with the specific characteristics of BC in Korea.

5 years showed lower BCR in Korea. These divergent results from western countries could be associated with the specific characteristics of BC in Korea.We present time-resolved magneto-optical spectroscopy on the magnetic Mott-Hubbard-insulating Kitaev spin liquid candidate α-RuCl3 to investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of its antiferromagnetically ordered zigzag groundstate after photoexcitation. A systematic study of the transient magnetic linear dichroism under different experimental conditions (temperature, external magnetic field, photoexcitation density) gives direct access to the dynamical interplay of charge excitations with the zigzag ordered state on ultrashort time scales. We observe a rather slow initial demagnetization (few to 10s of ps) followed by a long-lived non-thermal antiferromagnetic spin-disordered state (100-1000s of ps), which can be understood in terms of holons and doublons disordering the antiferromagnetic background after photoexcitation. Varying temperature and fluence in the presence of an external magnetic field reveals two distinct photoinduced dynamics associated with the zigzag and quantum paramagnetic disordered phases. The photo-induced non-thermal spin-disordered state shows universal compressed-exponential recovery dynamics related to the growth and propagation of zigzag domains on nanosecond time scales, which is interpreted within the framework of the Fatuzzo-Labrune model for magnetization reversal. The study of nonequilibrium states in strongly correlated materials is a relatively unexplored topic, but our results are expected to be extendable to a large class of Mott-Hubbard insulator materials with strong spin-orbit coupling.

Hispanic/Latino adults, particularly Spanish speakers, are underserved in mental healthcare, and little is known about the day-to-day variation in their suicide risk. Smartphones have the potential to overcome geographical and linguistic barriers to mental health assessment and intervention. The purpose of the current study was to examine (a) the feasibility/acceptability of smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess suicide ideation and suicide risk factors among high-risk Spanish-speaking adults and (b) the degree of within-person variation of suicide ideation and suicide risk in this population.

Sixteen primary Spanish-speaking psychiatry outpatients completed EMA measures of suicide ideation and suicide risk factors four times a day for 14 days.

A majority of participants consented to active and passive remote assessments and reported the acceptability of study procedures. Adherence to EMA was high and not associated with symptom severity. EMA instances completed were not associated with symptom severity at follow-up. Average point-to-point variability in suicide ideation and risk factors were moderate to high, respectively. EMA captured more dramatic changes than standard baseline and follow-up assessments.

Results provide preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of using smartphones to assess suicide risk in a real-time and real-world setting among high-risk Spanish-speaking adults.

Results provide preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of using smartphones to assess suicide risk in a real-time and real-world setting among high-risk Spanish-speaking adults.Supporting mammalian cells against reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is essential. Bottom-up synthetic biology aims to integrate designed artificial units with mammalian cells. Here, we used manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO2-NSs) as catalytically active entities that have superoxide dismutase-like and catalase-like activities. The integration of these MnO2-NSs into 7 μm reactors was able to assist SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells when stressed with H2O2. Complementary, Janus-shaped 800 nm reactors with one hemisphere coated with MnO2-NSs showed directed locomotion in cell media with top speeds up to 50 μm s-1 when exposed to 300 mM H2O2 as a fuel, while reactors homogeneously coated with MnO2-NSs were not able to outperform Brownian motion. These Janus-shaped reactors were able to remove H2O2 from the media, protecting cells cultured in the proximity. This effort advanced the use of bottom-up synthetic biology concepts in neuroscience.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of seminal plasma (SP) on boar sperm quality, antioxidant capacity and bacterial concentrations during liquid storage at 17°C. Boar sperm was diluted with Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS) consisting of 0, 25, 50 and 75% (v/v) of SP. Total motility, progressive motility and dynamic parameters were assessed by the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. Acrosome and plasma membrane integrity were measured by FITC-PNA/DAPI and SYBR-14/PI staining, respectively. In addition, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using commercial assay kits. Bacterial concentrations were assessed by turbidimetric assay. Our results showed that 25% SP markedly improved total motility, progressive motility, sperm dynamic parameters, acrosome integrity compared with 0, 50 and 75% SP (P less then 0.05). In addition, 25% SP significantly increased T-AOC but decreased MDA content and ROS levels compared with 0, and 75% SP (P less then 0.05). Moreover, 25% SP significantly decreased the bacterial concentrations in extended semen compared with 50% and 75% SP, however, which was higher than with 0% SP (P less then 0.05). These results suggest that 25% SP can promote boar sperm quality through enhancing its antioxidant capacity during liquid storage.

Until November 1, 2018, Illinois Medicaid restricted coverage of hepatitis C virus (HCV) medication to patients with sobriety from alcohol and illicit substances for ≥12 months. This policy limited treatment access for patients with a high risk of HCV transmission, despite clinical trial and real-world data demonstrating high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates among patients with substance use. The objective of this study was to compare HCV SVR rates between patients treated before and after removal of the Illinois Medicaid sobriety restriction.

We performed a retrospective cohort study of Medicaid-insured patients who completed direct-acting antiviral treatment at an urban, academic medical center in Illinois from January 1, 2014, through October 21, 2020. The primary endpoint was SVR. We compared group characteristics using χ

or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. selleck kinase inhibitor We used logistic regression to compare SVR rates before and after the policy change, adjusting for differences between groups.