Puggaardnoer3484

Reasons for using the specialist was for referral for follow-up tobacco cessation visit (54%), curbside consultations (21%), medication management (21%), and other reasons (5%). The majority of staff strongly agreed that utilizing the TTS was valuable.

This study reinforced the positive impact a tobacco treatment specialist can have being integrated into the primary care practice from the perception of the multidisciplinary team.

This study reinforced the positive impact a tobacco treatment specialist can have being integrated into the primary care practice from the perception of the multidisciplinary team.

Tobacco use is a leading cause of cancer death among people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide, and smoking prevalence tends to be higher among PLWH. The burden of both HIV/AIDS and tobacco use is increasingly concentrated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where resources to address these challenges are often limited. However, there has been limited effort to date to integrate tobacco cessation into HIV programs in LMICs.

We searched the literature (searching was conducted between October 1 and December 31, 2020) using PubMed including search terms "tobacco" and "HIV" and "cessation" over the past ten years (searching for articles published between December 1, 2010, and December 1, 2020) to identify original research studies on tobacco cessation interventions conducted in LMICs for PLWH. We also conducted an analysis of NCI-funded research grants on tobacco cessation and HIV awarded during fiscal years 2010 to 2020.

. Existing evidence suggests that conventional tobacco cessation treatments may be less effective among PLWH. Moreover, while substantial evidence exists to support a range of cessation interventions, most of this evidence comes from HICs and is only partly applicable to the evolving social, economic, and cultural climate of many LMICs. There is an urgent need to develop, adapt, and implement effective tobacco control and cessation interventions targeted to PLWH in LMICs, as well as to generate evidence from these settings. Implementation science provides tools develop and test strategies to overcome barriers and to integrate and scale up cessation services within existing HIV treatment settings.

There is a unique opportunity to address HIV and tobacco use in a coordinated way in LMICs by integrating evidence-based tobacco cessation into HIV programs.

There is a unique opportunity to address HIV and tobacco use in a coordinated way in LMICs by integrating evidence-based tobacco cessation into HIV programs.

The burden of chronic breathlessness on individuals, family, society and health systems is significant and set to increase exponentially with an ageing population with complex multimorbidity, yet there is a lack of services. This has been further amplified by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Online breathlessness interventions have been proposed to fill this gap, but need development and evaluation based on patient preferences and choices. This study aimed to explore the preferences and choices of patients regarding the content of an online self-guided chronic breathlessness supportive intervention (SELF-BREATHE).

Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with adults living with advanced malignant and nonmalignant disease and chronic breathlessness (July to November 2020). Interviews were analysed using conventional and summative content analysis.

25 patients with advanced disease and chronic breathlessness (COPD n=13, lung cancer n=8, interstitial lung disease n=3, bronchiectasis n=1; 17 male; median (range) age 70 (47-86) years; median (range) Medical Research Council dyspnoea score 3 (2-5)) were interviewed. Individuals highlighted strong preferences for focused education, methods to increase self-motivation and engagement, interventions targeting breathing and physical function, software capability to personalise the content of SELF-BREATHE to make it more meaningful to the user, and aesthetically designed content using various communication methods including written, video and audio content. Furthermore, they identified the need to address motivation as a key potential determinant of the success of SELF-BREATHE.

Our findings provide an essential foundation for future digital intervention development (SELF-BREATHE) and scaled research.

Our findings provide an essential foundation for future digital intervention development (SELF-BREATHE) and scaled research.

To compare the trends in age-standardised incidence and mortality from interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in the UK and the European Union (EU).

This was an observational study using data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study on residents of the UK and of the 27 EU countries. The main outcome measures were ILD age-standardised incidence rates per 100 000 (ASIR), age-standardised death rates per 100 000 (ASDR) and mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs), which are presented for men and women separately for each country for the years 2001-2017. Trends were analysed using joinpoint regression analysis.

In 2017, the median incidence of ILD was 7.22 (IQR 5.57-8.96) per 100 000 population for men and 4.34 (IQR 3.36-6.29) per 100 000 population for women. In 2017, the median ASDR attributed to ILD was 2.04 (IQR 1.13-2.71) per 100 000 population for men and 1.02 (0.68-1.37) per 100 000 population for women. There was an overall increase in ASDR during the observation period, with a median increase of +20.42% (IQR 5.44-31.40) for men and +15.44% (IQR -1.01-31.52) for women. Despite increases in mortality over the entire observation period, there were decreasing mortality trends in the majority of countries at the end of the observation period (75% for men and 86% for women).

Over the past two decades, there have been increases in the incidence and mortality of ILD in Europe. The most recent trends, however, demonstrate decreases in mortality from ILD in the majority of European countries for both men and women. These data support the ongoing improvements in the diagnosis and management of ILD.

Over the past two decades, there have been increases in the incidence and mortality of ILD in Europe. The most recent trends, however, demonstrate decreases in mortality from ILD in the majority of European countries for both men and women. These data support the ongoing improvements in the diagnosis and management of ILD.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1183/23120541.00171-2019.].Marraset al. report a low number needed to treat and high number needed to harm supporting addition of amikacin liposome inhalation suspension to guideline-based treatments in patients with treatment-refractory Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease https//bit.ly/3tPFW7D.Exhaled breath analysis using eNose technology holds promise as a point-of-care indicator of clinical status after lung transplantation. This case study invites further exploration of eNose technology in the field of lung transplantation. https//bit.ly/3wgQ3DE.

Our objective was to identify the genetic cause in a family with a remarkable history of neurodevelopmental disease and growth retardation.

A neurologic evaluation was performed, and DNA samples were obtained from the affected siblings and parents to perform whole-exome sequencing (WES).

Both siblings presented with dysmorphic features, failure to thrive, global developmental delay, generalized hypotonia, feeding problems, and congenital heart disease. WES revealed a homozygous nonsense variant in the

gene in both siblings.

A recent study has reported the first association of biallelic variants in the spliceosomal C complex gene,

, with syndromic neurodevelopmental disease and growth retardation in 5 patients from 3 consanguineous families complex. In this study, we provide the first confirmation of the reported

-related neurologic syndrome in an additional family.

A recent study has reported the first association of biallelic variants in the spliceosomal C complex gene, FRA10AC1, with syndromic neurodevelopmental disease and growth retardation in 5 patients from 3 consanguineous families complex. In this study, we provide the first confirmation of the reported FRA10AC1-related neurologic syndrome in an additional family.A whole slide image (WSI) is a digitized microscopic image that is particularly useful in histochemistry and cytochemistry. Several WSI scanners have been introduced in Japan and all use their own native format. see more Thus, there is basically no interchangeability. However, the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard format for WSI has been available since 2010. In this review, the configuration and differences among the native WSI and DICOM formats are examined, and the advantages and issues of DICOM standardization are discussed.Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation has been histochemically detected in normal and cancer tissues and cells. Immunohistochemical analyses have provided a more detailed understanding of NE biology and pathology. Pulmonary NE cells are a rare lung epithelial type, and small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) is a high-grade NE tumor. Pulmonary NE and SCLC cells share common mechanisms for NE differentiation. Neural or NE cell lineage-specific transcription factors, such as achaete-scute homologue 1 (Ascl1) and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1), are crucial for the development of pulmonary NE cells, and NE differentiation is influenced by the balance between Ascl1 and the suppressive neural transcription factor, hairy-enhancer of split 1, a representative target molecule of the Notch signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the importance of Ascl1 and INSM1 in identifying pulmonary NE and SCLC cells and introduce Ascl1-related molecules detected by comparative RNA-sequence analyses. The molecular classification of SCLC based on the expression of lineage-specific transcription or co-transcription factors, including ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1, was recently proposed. We attempted to characterize these 4 SCLC subtypes using integrated immunohistochemical studies, which will provide insights into the molecular characteristics of these subtypes and clarify the inter- and intratumor heterogeneities of SCLC.The pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begin 10-20 years before clinical onset, and it is therefore desirable to identify effective methods for early diagnosis. The nasal mucosa is a target tissue for measuring AD-related biomarkers because the olfactory nerve is the only cranial nerve that is exposed to the external environment. We describe an autopsy case of rapidly advanced juvenile AD (JAD), focusing on the olfactory system. The formation of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neuropil threads was examined in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and olfactory and respiratory epithelia in the bilateral olfactory clefts. Neurodegenerative changes in the olfactory and respiratory epithelia and the pathological deposition of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau were also examined. As a result, senile plaques, NFTs, and neuropil threads were found in the temporal cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb. NFTs were also found in the olfactory epithelium. Degenerated olfactory cells and their axons stained positive for phosphorylated tau.