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er research? This study provides useful comparative information on pelvic features between Tibetan and Chinese Han women although the findings of differences were small. In addition, during the formulation of women's health policy, the results of this study can provide data to support the selection of appropriate indicators of obstetrics and gynaecology for different populations of pregnant women during antenatal care and delivery.

Hazardous alcohol use significantly affects health and wellbeing in society. General practitioners (GPs) are uniquely positioned to address this problem by integrating early identification and brief intervention (EIBI) in daily practice. Unfortunately, EIBI implementation remains low. Community-oriented strategies (COS), defined as public health activities directed to the general population, are suggested to address this implementation gap. COS aim to increase the understanding, engagement and empowerment within the population to facilitate EIBI delivery. Epinephrinebitartrate However, no consensus on what COS should contain exists.

To obtain insight in the stakeholders' perspectives and create consensus with them on COS with the highest potential to facilitate EIBI delivery.

Four nominal group sessions were conducted with 31 stakeholders representing 12 different stakeholder groups from Leuven (Belgium). Stakeholders generated ideas, reflected on them in group and prioritised them anonymously, creating four separate lists. Merging these lists with their relative scores resulted in a master list, which was checked for accuracy through a member check. Qualitative content analysis on the stakeholder's notes provided an in-depth exploration of their perspectives.

Twenty-one strategies were identified, nine of which were COS. Highlighting the GPs' proactive role was considered most relevant. Other foci included creating awareness on the effects of alcohol use and normalising discussing alcohol use within the community. A holistic approach, exceeding the sole focus on COS, combining community, healthcare and government was accentuated.

Stakeholders emphasise addressing the proactive role of GPs as most promising COS, though it should be delivered within a holistic multi-component approach.

Stakeholders emphasise addressing the proactive role of GPs as most promising COS, though it should be delivered within a holistic multi-component approach.

The aim of this study was to assess differences in clinical outcomes and postoperative cartilage repair between opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and closed wedge HTO (CWHTO) for medial osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.

A total of 90 knees of 76 patients who underwent OWHTO (45 knees of 40 patients) and CWHTO (45 knees of 36 patients) was followed-up for 2 years. Cartilage repair at the medial compartment was arthroscopically classified into the following stages Stage 1 (no reparative change); Stage 2 (partial coverage with white cartilaginous tissue); and Stage 3 (full coverage with white cartilaginous tissue). Clinical outcomes were assessed using Knee Society scores, and radiographic assessment was carried out by anatomical femorotibial angle (aFTA).

Regarding preoperative OA grade, varus alignment, and function score, CWHTO patients showed more advanced OA status than OWHTO patients. Knee scores and function scores were significantly improved after surgery with both HTO procedures (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between the two procedures. Cartilage repair of stage 2 or 3 was found in more than 80% of the subjects in the medial femoral condyle and more than 60% in the medial tibial condyle. However, there were no significant differences between the two HTO procedures. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade was the only factor affecting cartilage repair.

CWHTO improved clinical outcomes and cartilage status as much as OWHTO. Although the effects of cartilage repair on clinical outcomes are unknown, HTO is an effective treatment option even for severe medial OA of the knee.

CWHTO improved clinical outcomes and cartilage status as much as OWHTO. Although the effects of cartilage repair on clinical outcomes are unknown, HTO is an effective treatment option even for severe medial OA of the knee.

To translate the Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES) into Chinese and to examine its reliability and validity in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

A cross-sectional study design was employed. The MSES was translated into Chinese by forward- and back-translation and its psychometric properties were examined among 176 patients with SCI recruited from four rehabilitation centers in China using convenience sampling.

In this study, all 176 patients were aged from 18 to 90years old with an average of 39.51 ± 14.07. The content validity index of the scale was 0.99. Principal components analysis with varimax orthogonal rotation was used. Three factors were extracted accounting for 39.083%, 11.149%, and 8.391% of the total variance and labeled as general self-efficacy (eight items), social self-efficacy (five items), and self-management self-efficacy (three items). Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit compared with previous studies. Pearson's correlation coefficient between the total scores ofable for evaluating self-efficacy of Chinese patients with SCI.Implications for rehabilitationThe satisfactory reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES) confirmed its suitability as a tool to measure self-efficacy among Chinese patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).The Chinese version of the MSES could be used to reflect the important and specific aspects of self-efficacy in patients with SCI such as self-care, social interaction, and daily activities, and to help medical stuff giving more targeted intervention.

In light of the upregulation of p21-activated kinase (PAK7) in a variety of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we aimed to investigate the effect of PAK7 on the sensitivity of HCC cells to radiotherapy.

PAK7 expression was determined in normal adult liver epithelial THLE-2 and human HCC cell lines. The effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on the HCC cell viability was evaluated by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. HCC cell lines Mahlavu and Huh7 were chosen to assess the effect of PAK7 shRNAs on the viability, clone formation, apoptosis, cycle distribution and γ-H2AX expression after exposure to IR.

As compared to THLE-2 cells, PAK7 was upregulated in poorly differentiated Mahlavu and SK-Hep-1 cells, but moderately or lowly expressed in well-differentiated Huh7 and HepG2 cells. HCC cells with moderate or low expression of PAK7 presented a decreased viability at 2 Gy IR, which had no significant effect on PAK7

HCC cells. Mahlavu and Huh7 cells transfected with PAK7 shRNAs showed increased inhibitory effect of IR on viability.