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Girls had significantly more YLLs and DALYs than boys (p-values less then 0.001, respectively). Besides being the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal outcomes, epilepsy accounted for the greatest proportion of the total burden for a single domain (20 DALYs per 1000, 95%UI 11-26, or 38.5% of the total DALYs). Visual impairment accounted for the least proportion of the total burden (6 per 1000, 95%UI 1-17, or 12.1%). Children with NI and disability bear a significantly high burden of fatal and non-fatal outcomes. The burden is highest among girls and those with childhood-onset epilepsy. We recommend active identification, treatment, and rehabilitative support for the affected children to prevent premature mortality and improve their quality of life.Symptoms-based models for predicting SARS-CoV-2 infection may improve clinical decision-making and be an alternative to resource allocation in under-resourced settings. In this study we aimed to test a model based on symptoms to predict a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic using logistic regression and a machine-learning approach, in Bogotá, Colombia. Participants from the CoVIDA project were included. A logistic regression using the model was chosen based on biological plausibility and the Akaike Information criterion. Also, we performed an analysis using machine learning with random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting. The study included 58,577 participants with a positivity rate of 5.7%. The logistic regression showed that anosmia (aOR = 7.76, 95% CI [6.19, 9.73]), fever (aOR = 4.29, 95% CI [3.07, 6.02]), headache (aOR = 3.29, 95% CI [1.78, 6.07]), dry cough (aOR = 2.96, 95% CI [2.44, 3.58]), and fatigue (aOR = 1.93, 95% CI [1.57, 2.93]) were independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our final model had an area under the curve of 0.73. The symptoms-based model correctly identified over 85% of participants. This model can be used to prioritize resource allocation related to COVID-19 diagnosis, to decide on early isolation, and contact-tracing strategies in individuals with a high probability of infection before receiving a confirmatory test result. This strategy has public health and clinical decision-making significance in low- and middle-income settings like Latin America.Risk assessment in communities or regions typically relies on the determination of hazard scenarios and an evaluation of their impact on local systems and structures. One of the challenges of risk assessment for infrastructure operators is how to identify the most critical scenarios that are likely to represent unacceptable risks to such assets in a given time frame. This study develops a novel approach for prioritizing hazards for the risk assessment of infrastructure. Central to the proposed methodology is an expert elicitation technique termed paired comparison which is based on a formal mathematical technique for quantifying the range and variance in the judgements of a group of stakeholders. The methodology is applied here to identify and rank natural and operational hazard scenarios that could cause serious disruption or have disastrous effects to the infrastructure in the transnational Øresund region over a period of 5 years. The application highlighted substantial divergences of views among the stakeholders on identifying a single 'most critical' natural or operational hazard scenario. Despite these differences, it was possible to flag up certain cases as critical among the natural hazard scenarios, and others among the operational hazards.

In consideration of no standard exclusion criteria for hepatitis B virus (HBV) loads in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-related clinical trials, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HBV-related exclusion criteria among current clinical trials and evaluate whether antiviral treatments could eliminate the adverse effects from high HBV loads for HCC patients.

This is a retrospective study including 772 HCC clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov and 1784 HCC patients receiving antiviral treatment. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method was used to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between different groups, and Cox regression analyses were performed to validate possible risk factors on PFS and overall survival OS.

Among 772 clinical trials, 58.3% did not adopt baseline HBV loads as exclusion criteria, 18.0% was 2000 IU/mL, and 10.5% was receiving antiviral therapy. We observed baseline HBV loads had no significant impact on PFS (p = 0.491, 0.155, 0.119, 0.788, 0.280, 0.683 respectively) and OS (p = 0.478, 0.741, 0.263, 0.039, 0.999, 0.581 respectively) in all patients or each treatment group including hepatectomy, radiofrequency ablation, interventional therapy, targeted drugs and anti-programmed cell death immunotherapy, except for the OS of interventional therapy group, where patients with high HBV loads had higher BCLC stage, serum AFP level and ALBI grade (p = 0.009, 0.015 and 0.003, respectively).

Antiviral treatments could eliminate the adverse impacts of high HBV loads on the survival of HCC patients. Simplified eligibility criteria can be adopted for HCC patients with HBV infection where regular antiviral therapy should be enough.

Antiviral treatments could eliminate the adverse impacts of high HBV loads on the survival of HCC patients. Simplified eligibility criteria can be adopted for HCC patients with HBV infection where regular antiviral therapy should be enough.

The present study evaluated the efficacy of combined suprachoroidal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) using a modified microneedle with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) patients.

This is a prospective randomised interventional study that was conducted on 60 eyes of 60 patients with non ischemic BRVO. Patients were divided in two groups, group (1) 30 patients who received intravitreal injection of 0.05 mL (0.5 mg) of ranibizumab, group (2) included 30 patients who received baseline combined intravitreal injection of 0.05 mL (0.5 mg) of ranibizumab and suprachoroidal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (4mg/0.1mL), both groups received monthly injection of ranibizumab on pro-re-nata (PRN) regimen for 1 year duration of the study.

Group 2 received less number of injections (2.47 ± 1.2) as compared to group 1 (4.4 ± 1.5). Both groups achieved significant reduction of central macular thickness (CMT) after 12 months of injection with p value <0.001. Bot prospectively registered with clinical trial.gov ID (NCT04690608) in 27-12-2020.

To evaluate the level and predictor of compliance with lid hygiene of the patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) by a specially designed and validated questionnaire.

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among patients with symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction visiting at Ramathibodi Hospital from April 2019 to December 2020. Dry eye symptom, fluorescein tear breakup time (TBUT), ocular surface staining, lid morphology, meibum quality, and meibum expressibility were evaluated. All patients were instructed to perform lid hygiene two times daily. Eight weeks after receiving the instruction, the patients were asked to complete a newly developed seven-item questionnaire to assess compliance. The associated factors limiting treatment adherence were evaluated. Proper statistical analyses were used to determine the relationships between compliance and non-compliance and a group of relevant baseline variables. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

A total of 77 patne by the specific questionnaire. Appropriate patient education and optimization methods of lid hygiene may promote patient compliance.

Endotracheal intubation is a lifesaving procedure for airway management but is more complex when performed in patients lying on the ground and requiring cervical spine immobilization. learn more This study aims to compare the optimal technique between prone and kneeling positions in increasing intubation success rate on these prehospital trauma patients.

This study was an experimental study on a mannequin. Paramedic students performed intubation on the supine mannequin, which was applied with a rigid cervical collar and manual in-line stabilization. The participants were randomly assigned to intubate in a prone or kneeling position as the first method, then perform another method seven days later. Study outcomes include the percentage of successful intubation, time to perform intubation successfully, and Cormack and Lehane's classification of laryngeal view.

Thirty-nine participants were enrolled in this study; 22 were male (56.41%). The mean age, weight, and height were 23.15 ± 4.75 years, 67.38 ± 17.39 kg, and 167.36 ± 8.70 cm., respectively. The percentage of successful intubation in prone (37 [94.90%]) was higher than kneeling position (35 [89.74%]), but there was no statistically significant (p-value = 0.675). Time to intubation successfully, the number of attempts, and Cormack & Lehane's laryngeal view classification were not significantly different between prone and kneeling groups (p-value = 0.808, 0.814, and 0.948, respectively).

Intubation with the prone or kneeling position on a mannequin, lying on the ground with cervical spine immobilization, has no statistical difference. Both intubation approaches appear to be effective in successful and rapid intubation, proper glottic visualization and low attempts.

Intubation with the prone or kneeling position on a mannequin, lying on the ground with cervical spine immobilization, has no statistical difference. Both intubation approaches appear to be effective in successful and rapid intubation, proper glottic visualization and low attempts.

A cross-sectional study design was employed. Four hundred twenty-two participants were selected. Data was collected through observation and interview with structured questionnaire. Stool specimens were collected and examined using two-slide Kato-Katz method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Logistic regression was fitted for analysis. Variables with

value <0.25 in the univariate logistic regression analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model. Those with <0.05 were identified as significantly associated risk factors. To assure the quality of the data, training was given for data collectors and supervisors, and the tools were pretested on 5% of the sample size.

404 (95.7%) school children were enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence of

was 12.6%. School children in the age group 5-9 years old (AOR (95% CI) 22.27 (3.70-134.01),

= 0.001), age group 10-14 years old (AOR (95% CI) 4.58 (1.14-18.42),

= 0.032), grade levels 5-8 (AOR (95% CL) 14.95 (4. (AOR (95% CI) 7.10 (2.31-21.80), p = 0.001) were significantly associated with high risk of S. mansoni infection. Conclusion and Recommendation. From the finding of the current study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni in the study area is relatively high. Age of fourteen and younger years old, swimming in the river, and irrigation practice were the main risk factors of S. mansoni infection. Thus, therapeutic interventions as well as health education are desirable.