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Nicorandil in reducing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an inconsistent practice. read more This article aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nicorandil in preventing CIN after elective PCI.

This is a pooled analysis of patients treated with elective PCI. The primary outcome was the incidence of CIN. The secondary outcomes were major adverse events, including mortality, heart failure, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal replacement therapy.

A total of 1229 patients were recruited in our study. With statistical significance, nicorandil lowered the risk of CIN (odds ratio = 0.26; 95% confidence interval = 0.16-0.44;

< 0.00001;



 = 0%) in patients who underwent elective PCI. In addition, no significant differences were observed in the incidence of mortality, heart failure, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and renal replacement therapy between the two groups (

> 0.05).

Our article indicated that nicorandil could prevent CIN without increasing the major adverse events. Furthermore, sufficiently powered and randomized clinical studies are still needed in order to determine the role of nicorandil in preventing CIN after elective PCI.

Our article indicated that nicorandil could prevent CIN without increasing the major adverse events. Furthermore, sufficiently powered and randomized clinical studies are still needed in order to determine the role of nicorandil in preventing CIN after elective PCI.

To study the safety and efficacy of microtransesophageal echocardiography (micro-TEE) and TEE during percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure.

TEE has proven to be safe during ASD and PFO closure under general anaesthesia. Micro-TEE makes it possible to perform these procedures under local anaesthesia. We are the first to describe the safety and efficacy of micro-TEE for percutaneous closure.

All consecutive patients who underwent ASD and PFO closure between 2013 and 2018 were included. The periprocedural complications were registered. Residual shunts were diagnosed using transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE). All data were compared between the use of TEE or micro-TEE within the ASD and PFO groups separately.

In total, 82 patients underwent ASD closure, 46 patients (49.1 ± 15.0 years) with TEE and 36 patients (47.8 ± 12.1 years) using micro-TEE guidance. Median device diameter was, respectively, 26 mm (range 10-40 mm) and 27 mm (range 10-35 mm). PFO closure was performed in 120 patients, 55 patients (48.6 ± 9.2 years, median device diameter 25 mm, range 23-35 mm) with TEE and 65 patients (mean age 51.0 ± 11.8 years, median device diameter 27 mm, range 23-35 mm) using micro-TEE. There were no major periprocedural complications, especially no device embolizations within all groups. Six months after closure, there was no significant difference in left-to-right shunt after ASD closure and no significant difference in right-to-left shunt after PFO closure using TEE or micro-TEE.

Micro-TEE guidance without general anaesthesia during percutaneous ASD and PFO closure is as safe as TEE, without a significant difference in the residual shunt rate after closure.

Micro-TEE guidance without general anaesthesia during percutaneous ASD and PFO closure is as safe as TEE, without a significant difference in the residual shunt rate after closure.

This study investigated formaldehyde decontamination efficacy against dried

spores on porous and non-porous test surfaces, under various environmental conditions. This knowledge will help responders determine effective formaldehyde exposure parameters to decontaminate affected spaces following a biological agent release.

Prescribed masses of paraformaldehyde or formalin were sublimated or evaporated, respectively, to generate formaldehyde vapor within a bench-scale test chamber. Adsorbent cartridges were used to measure formaldehyde vapor concentrations in the chamber at pre-determined times. A validated method was used to extract the cartridges and analyze for formaldehyde via liquid chromatography. Spores of

,

, and

were inoculated and dried onto porous bare pine wood and non-porous painted concrete material coupons. A series of tests was conducted where temperature, relative humidity, and formaldehyde concentration were varied, to determine treatment efficacy outside of conditions where this e trials, resulting in less available formaldehyde in the air when measured.

Environmental conditions affect formaldehyde concentrations in the air and thereby affect decontamination efficacy. Efficacy is also impacted by the material with which the contaminants are in contact.

Environmental conditions affect formaldehyde concentrations in the air and thereby affect decontamination efficacy. Efficacy is also impacted by the material with which the contaminants are in contact.The standard error (SE) stopping rule, which terminates a computer adaptive test (CAT) when the SE is less than a threshold, is effective when there are informative questions for all trait levels. However, in domains such as patient reported outcomes, the items in a bank might all target one end of the trait continuum (e.g., negative symptoms), and the bank may lack depth for many individuals. In such cases, the predicted standard error reduction (PSER) stopping rule will stop the CAT even if the SE threshold has not been reached, and can avoid administering excessive questions that provide little additional information. By tuning the parameters of the PSER algorithm, a practitioner can specify a desired tradeoff between accuracy and efficiency. Using simulated data for the PROMIS Anxiety and Physical Function banks, we demonstrate that these parameters can substantially impact CAT performance. When the parameters were optimally tuned, the PSER stopping rule was found to outperform the SE stopping rule overall and particularly for individuals not targeted by the bank, and presented roughly the same number of items across the trait continuum. Therefore, the PSER stopping rule provides an effective method for balancing the precision and efficiency of a CAT.This article introduces an accessible approach to implementing unmoderated remote research in developmental science-research in which children and families participate in studies remotely and independently, without directly interacting with researchers. Unmoderated remote research has the potential to strengthen developmental science by (1) facilitating the implementation of studies that are easily replicable, (2) allowing for new approaches to longitudinal studies and studies of parent-child interaction, and (3) including families from more diverse backgrounds and children growing up in more diverse environments in research. We describe an approach we have used to design and implement unmoderated remote research that is accessible to researchers with limited programming expertise, and we describe the resources we have made available on a new website (discoveriesonline.org) to help researchers get started with implementing this approach. We discuss the potential of this method for developmental science and highlight some challenges still to be overcome to harness the power of unmoderated remote research for advancing the field.Cell sorting is a commonly used technology to isolate highly purified cell populations for downstream applications. Because the sorted cells are destined for further analysis, i.e., gene expression assays or functional assays, ensuring that the sorting process itself has little effect on the cells is of utmost importance. Previous studies examining the effects of sorting on cellular function have primarily focused on a specific cell type or condition. One of the goals of the Flow Cytometry Research Group of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities is to establish best practice guidelines for cell sorting conditions that minimize cell stress, perturbation, or injury to the sorted cell population. In this study, the effects of nozzle size, sample pressure, UV exposure, and instrument type were evaluated for their effects on gene expression and cell cycle using both established cell lines and primary cells across several flow cytometry shared facilities. Results indicate that nozzle size and pressure, as well as UV exposure and instrument type, have only minor effects on gene expression, which were diminished by subsequent culturing of the sorted cells. In this assessment, these data demonstrate that cell sorting itself, regardless of instrumentation used, has minimal effects on downstream cellular applications.

In December 2019, outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected pneumonia patients were discovered in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. With the spread of the epidemic, new cases have been found in other regions of China and abroad. This review summarizes the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission pathways, high-risk factors, diagnostic points, pathogenesis, and therapeutic drugs to provide the prevention and treatment theories for COVID-19.

COVID-19 is highly contagious and is transmitted mainly through the respiratory tract. Most patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have milder symptoms. Some patients will have mild disease in the early stage, suddenly exacerbate later, and eventually die of multiple organ failure caused by cytokine storm. The basis for clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 is not just the detection of viral nucleic acids as the gold standard. The diagnostic accuracy improves when viral nucleic acid test is combined with clinical symptoms, CT results, and biochemical tests. For the treatment of COVID-19, the specific antiviral agents have not been developed, except for symptomatic supportive treatments.

The methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection have become increasingly mature, but specific antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 have not yet been developed. Treatment must pay attention to the cytokine storm that leads to the seriousness of COVID-19.

The methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection have become increasingly mature, but specific antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 have not yet been developed. Treatment must pay attention to the cytokine storm that leads to the seriousness of COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has major health and economic impacts. We review disease characteristics in children.

Children comprise 1-2% of the diagnosed cases, and typically suffer mild disease. The median age of infected children is 3.3-11years, and male/female ratio is 1.15-1.55. Common symptoms in children include upper respiratory symptoms (26-54%), cough (44-54%), fever (32-65%), and gastrointestinal (15-30%) symptoms. Substantial proportion (4-23%) are asymptomatic. Death rates are up to 0.7%. Risk factors associated with severe disease are neonatal age group, male gender, lower respiratory tract disease, and pre-existing medical conditions. Vertical transmission was reported. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), characterized by fever, multisystem organ involvement, and laboratory markers of inflammation, causes critical illness in > 50% of cases and is increasingly reported from endemic countries. Indirect effects of the coronavirus epidemic include higher rates of psychiatric morbidities, education loss, unhealthy lifestyle changes, and increased child neglect.