Popebates1898

This study aimed to determine the efficacy of prophylactic use of vancomycin powder against surgical site infections in patients with high-risk conditions who underwent posterior spinal instrumentation.

Data obtained from 209 patients who underwent posterior spinal instrumentation at a single institution from 2014 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were then divided into two groups control group, including 107 patients (61 females, 46 males; mean age=54 years; age range=16-85 years), and treatment group, including 102 patients (63 females, 39 males; mean age=53 years; age range=14-90 years). All patients received the same standard prophylactic antibiotic regimen. In addition to the prophylactic antibiotic, vancomycin powder was applied locally to the surgical site in the treatment group. All patients were followed up for at least 90 days postoperatively. Infections were categorized as superficial and deep infections. Subgroup analysis of high-risk patients (Syrian refugees) was also performedafter instrumented spinal surgery. The benefit of vancomycin application may be most appreciated in higher risk populations or in clinics with high baseline rates of infection.

Level III, Therapeutic Study.

Level III, Therapeutic Study.

This study aims to develop and evaluate a simple tool for daily practice that might allow a rough estimate of individual braking performance (brake response time, BRT) of patients with osteoarthritis or those with arthroplasty of the knee or hip.

In this cross-sectional study, we examined 162 patients (72 men, 90 women; mean age = 64±12.8 years) who suffered from osteoarthritis of the knee (n=45) or hip (n=64) or who underwent a total hip (n=37) or knee (n=16) arthroplasty. BRT of each patient was measured in a brake simulator. The results were compared to demographic data, various clinical tests, and pain surveys. From these data, a multiple linear regression model was developed.

From the observed correlations, the regression model consisted of age (correlation with BRT τ=0.176, p=0.001), sex (τ=0.361, p<0.001), Hau's step test (τ=-0.345, p<0.001), and the pain dimension of the Hip disability/Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (τ=-0.265, p<0.001). We, therefore, suggested the followinamely old age, female sex, impaired musculoskeletal function, as tested in Hau's step test, and high levels of pain.

Level III, Therapeutic Study.

Level III, Therapeutic Study.

This study aims to investigate the anatomical relationships of the transmuscular portal to its surrounding structures in arthroscopic treatment of superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions in a human cadaveric model.

In this anatomic study, bilateral shoulder girdles of 12 adult formalin embalmed cadavers were used. All cadavers were male, and the mean age was 63.4±7.3 years. The portal entry point was determined as midway between the anterior and posterior borders of the acromion, approximately 1 cm lateral from the edge of the acromion. After a guidewire was placed in the glenoid cavity at the 12 o'clock position where the SLAP lesion typically occurs, a switching stick was inserted there. Each glenoid was then drilled with a 2.4 mm drill through an arthroscopic cannula. Subsequently, anatomical dissection was executed to assess the relationship of the transmuscular portal with the suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve, supraspinatus tendon, acromion, and biceps tendon. Lastly, the shortest distance between the aforementioned structures with the drill was measured by a sensitive caliper to determine whether there was a penetration of the structures. Differences between the right and left sides were analyzed.

The mean distance between the portal and the axillary nerve was 55.5 mm±6.0 mm, and the mean length of the suprascapular nerve was 61.2 mm±7.0 mm. The mean distance between the portal and the supraspinatus tendon was 2.8 mm±1.5 mm. No penetration of the axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve, and supraspinatus tendon was observed in any cadaver. No differences were detected for measured anatomical parameters between the right and left sides (p>0.05).

Findings from this cadaveric study revealed that the transmuscular portal may allow for a reliable anchor placement without any nerve or tendon penetration during arthroscopic SLAP repair.

Level V.

Level V.

The aim of this study was to immunohistochemically identify and characterize the presence of sensory nerve endings (SNEs) in pulvinar, ligamentum teres (LT), and hip joint capsule (HJC) of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Pulvinar, LT, and HJC specimens were obtained from 38 hips of 36 children (31 girls, five boys; mean age=49 months; age range=18-132 months) during open reduction surgery for DDH. All specimens underwent subsequent routine tissue processing (formalin fixation and paraffin embedding). To determine tissue morphology, haematoxylin and eosin staining was used. SNEs were analyzed immunohistochemically using a mouse monoclonal antibody against S-100 Beta Protein based on the classification of Freeman and Wyke including four types of SNEs including mechanoreceptors type I Ruffini corpuscles, type II Pacini corpuscles, type III Golgi organs, and type IVa unmyelinated free nerve endings (FNEs). selleckchem Additionally, children were sorted into three groups based on their age at the t of sensory function in the hip joint of children with DDH.

Level II, Therapeutic Study.

Level II, Therapeutic Study.

This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological findings of radical reduction (open reduction and Salter innominate osteotomy combined with femoral osteotomy) for children of walking age, younger and older than 4 years in the treatment of with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

In this retrospective study, children of walking age with DDH who underwent radical reduction between 2008 and 2014 were identified. They were then divided into 2 groups according to the age at which the surgery was performed before and after the age of 4 years. Improvement in the acetabular index was examined on follow-up radiographs. The presence of avascular necrosis (AVN) was determined and classified on the basis of the Kalamchi-MacEwen classification on final follow-up radiographs. Clinical assessment was performed with the modified McKay criteria at the final follow-up appointment.

A total of 19 children (14 girls, 5 boys; mean age=37.5±21 months) (25 hips) were included. Their mean age was 27.9±4.9 and 63.