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Mithun (Bos frontalis) is a unique domestic free-range bovine species available in North Eastern hilly (NEH) regions of India and is reared for its protein rich meat. Although, mithun suffers from severe non-cyclical population fluctuations, it is not yet declared as endangered. Therefore, present study was conducted to assess the effect of slow release subcutaneous exogenous melatonin (MT) implant on sexual behaviour, scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular parameters, endocrinological profiles and antioxidant and oxidative stress profiles in mithun during different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) to improve its reproductive efficiency. Experimental mithun bulls (5-6 years of age) were selected and divided randomly into two groups, Gr I Control (n = 6) and Gr II Treatment (n = 6; melatonin implant @ 18mg/50 kg B. Wt). Scrotal circumference and testicular parameters [total testicular volume and weight], endocrinological profiles [follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone/interstitias lower in MT treated than in untreated control group and in winter and spring than in summer season. The study concluded that exogenous slow-release melatonin implantation and spring and winter seasons had significant beneficial effects in improvement of the antioxidant profiles, minimization of oxidative stress with cascading beneficial effects on endocrinological profiles, SC, testicular parameters and libido, which will improve the semen production, higher sperm cryo-survivability and fertility rate in mithun species.Highly flexible supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted significant attention in modern electronics. However, it has been found that flexible, metal sulfide-based electrodes usually suffer from corrosion, instability and low conductivity, which significantly limits their large scale application. Herein, we report on an electrode comprised of highly stable, free-standing carbon fiber/trinickel disulphide covered with polyaniline (CF/Ni3S2@PANI). This electrode was prepared and then employed in a high-performance of flexible asymmetric SCs (FASC). The coating layer of polyaniline served as both a protector and conducting shell for the Ni3S2 due to the nature of the highly stable N-Ni bonds that formed between the polyaniline and Ni3S2. this website In addition, the lightweight carbon fiber support served as both a current collector and flexible support. The prepared CF/Ni3S2@PANI electrode exhibited a significantly enhanced specific capacity (715.3 F·g-1 at 1 A·g-1) compared with the carbon fiber/Ni3S2 electrode (318 F·g-1 at 1 A·g-1). More importantly, the assembled FASC device delivered an impressive energy density of 35.7 Wh·kg-1 at a power density of 850 W·kg-1. The FASC device benefited from the interconnected flexible microstructure and the stable bond bridges, so that it could be bent into various angles without noticeably impairing its performance. This effective protective strategy may further inspire the design and manufacture of metallic oxide or sulfide electrode with ultrahigh-stability interbond bridges for high-performance flexible supercapacitors.Constructing p-n heterojunction is considered as an effective approach to improve gas-sensing performance of nanomaterials, and the general focus is that the formation of a p-n junction can effectively broaden the electron-depletion layer, enhancing the amount of the adsorption oxygen, and being beneficial to the improvement of the gas-sensing performance. However the widening of the depletion layer can only contribute to the improvement of the sensitivity, the effect of p-n junction on other sensing parameters is still not well understood. Herein, the In2O3/Co3O4 core/shell hierarchical heterostructures (In2O3/Co3O4 HHS) are investigated to discern how p-n junction alters the sensing process. The construction of p-n junction can effectively adjust Fermi level, influence the oxidation ability of the adsorbed oxygen and significantly heighten the selectivity of sensing materials, resulting in superior sensing activity. Especially, In2O3/Co3O4 HHS exhibits obviously enhanced gas sensing performance toward formaldehyde at 180 °C with high response and good selectivity. Our findings promote the recognition of the important role of electronic structure on gas sensing performance and provide a new strategy to design sensing materials for gas detection.In recent decades, redox-active electrolytes have been used in energy storage systems due to high specific capacitance originated from the Faraday reaction of electrode/electrolyte surface. Here, we provide an effective strategy that using H2SO4 as electrolyte with VOSO4 as redox additives to improve the electrochemical performances of the carbon felt (CF) electrode. The function of VOSO4 is that it can serve as a redox-active electrolyte to provide additional specific capacitance. The specific capacitance of 3.30 F cm-2 at 1 mV s-1 can be achieved, which is about 100 times of improved specific capacitance higher than that of the CF electrode tested in pure H2SO4. In addition, it also exhibits unexceptionable cycling stability without any specific capacitance loss after 2000 cycles at 5 mA cm-2. What's more, a novel all-solid-state supercapacitor is assembled using CF, gel electrolyte and membrane. The as-fabricated supercapacitor delivers a high specific capacitance of 234 mF cm-2 and fabulous cycle stability after 1200 cycles at the current density of 2 mA cm-2. Interestingly, three charged supercapacitors connected in series can light a red light-emitting diode effectively for about 24 min. Hence, such mixed electrolyte and electrode materials will hold great potential for high performance supercapacitor applications.Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the agreements between patients and nursing staff in perceived use of the principles of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in a gynecological ward, both prior to and following an educational session on ERAS guidelines for the nursing staff. Study design This was a prospective observational study conducted in the in-patient gynecological section of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University hospital of Linköping during spring 2017. The study groups comprised women scheduled for elective in-patient gynecological surgery due to benign or malignant diseases and the nursing staff at the gynecological ward. The study was performed in three parts with two structured questionnaire interviews of patients and nursing staff, and an intermediate educational session for the nursing staff regarding ERAS principles, conducted between the parts of the interview. Seventy-two patients were included in Interview part 1 and 68 patients in Interview part 2. Th maintain high compliance with ERAS principles.Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound for detecting fetal skeletal dysplasias and to describe its role in orienting genetic studies. Study design Observational study of pregnant women surveyed in our hospital, between 2011 and 2018, with fetal long bones below the 3rd centile (shortened long bones), either as an isolated finding or associated to other skeletal anomalies. We used a systematic protocol for the ultrasound evaluation and selection of those fetuses suspected of having a skeletal dysplasia. We report the demographics of these patients along with the sonographic follow-up of their fetuses, the genetic results and the outcome of the pregnancies and the newborn in the entire group and also compare data between the two sub-groups (isolated shortened long bones vs shortened long bones associated to other anomalies). Results A total of 81 pregnancies with a suspected fetal skeletal dysplasia were included, with a complete follow-up available in 75 cases, 22 with isolated shoreletal dysplasia is significantly increased (85 %). Prenatal systematic approach in a multidisciplinary unit is useful in the orientation of genetic studies.Objectives The aim of the study was to measure the impact of maternal education on inequalities in child health care and to explore the contribution of different factors to the observed inequality. Study design The study is based on secondary data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. Methods Concentration curves and indices were used to identify and quantify the inequality in child health care. Moreover, contributions of different factors to the observed inequality were investigated using decomposition analysis. Results The concentration indices for health care provided were 0.078 (P less then 0.001) when a child was experiencing diarrhoea and 0.088 (P less then 0.001) for fever/cough. The results of this study indicate that healthcare practices are more common among children of educated mothers. The main contributors resulting in the observed inequalities in child health care were improved sanitation (about 6% for diarrhoea and 15% for fever/cough treatment), rural residence (about 4% and 23% for diarrhoea and fever/cough treatment, respectively), wealth status (49% and 28% for diarrhoea and fever/cough treatment, respectively) and maternal education (26% for diarrhoea and 28% for fever/cough treatment). Conclusion The findings suggested that child health care is more frequently provided among educated mothers; therefore, steps should be taken to improve maternal education. Moreover, policies should seek to increase/improve the roles of women in society, as well as job opportunities to overcome the financial barriers of healthcare provision.Objective During the 2017-2018 cholera outbreak in Kinshasa, many patients initially reported to primary healthcare centers (HCs) before being transferred to the nearest cholera treatment centers. This study aims to assess the level of preparedness of HCs in responding to cholera outbreaks. Study design Descriptive cross-sectional survey. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional survey in 180 of 374 primary HCs in Kinshasa. We collected data on 14 cholera preparedness criteria and described their prevalence among HCs. We used logistic regression to assess the association between each preparedness criteria and previous reporting of cholera cases by HCs. Results The median number of preparedness criteria met by HCs was 5 [range 0-11]. Five percent (n = 9) of HCs [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3%-9.3%] met at least 10 criteria. HCs that previously reported ≥3 cholera cases were less likely to meet the criteria for 'presence of an isolation unit' (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.12; 95% CI [0.03-0.61]) and 'availability of sufficient quantity of chlorine' (aOR 0.13; 95% CI [0.02-0.64]). Conclusions Despite past experience of cholera cases, health facilities in Kinshasa exhibit a low level of cholera preparedness. There is a need to prioritize the reinforcement of the preparedness of primary HCs to prevent future cholera outbreaks.Purpose As the population ages, so do the potential users of technology, and older adults' behaviors when using mobile device interfaces are becoming increasingly important. A representative model for detecting older adults' behaviors and performance on the use of mobile device interfaces is needed to provide individualized designs. This research aimed to investigate the applicability of the broadly used model of Fitts' law to detect the progressive changes in the use of mobile device interfaces in older adults. The effect of experience with using technology on performance on a Fitts task was also examined. Method A sample of 135 older adults was recruited to test the application of Fitts' model to the use of technology by older adult users. Each participant was asked to finish tasks at 9 levels of difficulty, from easy to difficult, in a multidirectional tapping task. Analysis of variance was employed to examine the effect of age on performance on the Fitts task, movement time, and the standard deviation of movement time.