Pihlwilliamson4265
This study reports an alternative strategy for the expression of a recombinant L-AI from Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ E36 by auto-induction using glucose and glycerol as carbon sources and residual whey lactose as inducer agent. Commercial lactose and isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) were also evaluated as inducers for comparison of enzyme expression levels. The enzymatic extracts were purified by affinity chromatography, characterized, and applied in the bioconversion of D-galactose into D-tagatose. L-AI presented a catalytic activity of 1.67 ± 0.14, 1.52 ± 0.01, and 0.7 ± 0.04 U/mL, when expressed using commercial lactose, lactose from whey, and IPTG, respectively. Higher activities could be obtained by changing the protocol of enzyme extraction and, for instance, the enzymatic extract produced with whey presented a catalytic activity of 3.8 U/mL. The specific activity of the enzyme extracts produced using lactose (commercial or residual whey) after enzyme purification was also higher when compared to the enzyme expressed with IPTG. Best results were achieved when enzyme expression was conducted using 4 g/L of residual whey lactose for 11 h. These results proved the efficacy of an alternative and economic protocol for the effective expression of a recombinant L-AI aiming its high-scale production.
The activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway triggers the antitumor immunity by CD8 + T cells. However, the differentiated antitumor effects of STING activation in different cell types is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the expression and potential prognostic value of cancer cell-intrinsic STING in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and whether STING could be a potential immunotherapeutic target of HCC was then evaluated.
We separately assessed the expression of STING in cancer cells and infiltrating immune cells in HCC tissues. The independent clinicopathological factors associated with survival outcomes were evaluated by the multivariable analysis. The HCC orthotopic mice model were used to confirm the immunotherapeutic effects of STING agonists, and CD8 + T-cell infiltration level was analyzed through immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.
The expression of cancer cell-intrinsic STING was significantly reduced in HCC compared with adjacent tissues. Patients with low levels of e an immunotherapeutic target for HCC.
This study aimed to determine the outcomes and prognostic factors associated with octogenarians who underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer.
From 2009 to 2018, 76 octogenarians underwent pulmonary surgery for lung cancer at the Kanazawa Medical University, Japan. They were divided into two groups (early and late octogenarians), and their clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes were investigated. Overall survival rates and recurrence-free survival rates were determined using Kaplan-Meier curves. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors.
Limited surgery was performed more often in the late octogenarian group; however, most perioperative factors were not significantly different between the two groups. The 3-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were 61.2% and 52.8%, respectively. The median observation period was 37.5 (8.9-112.3) months postoperatively. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that age ≥ 85years (late octogenarian), smoking history, and squamous cell carcinoma on histology were associated with worse survival rates. Multivariate analysis identified age ≥ 85years (late octogenarian) (p = 0.011) and cigarette smoking (p = 0.025) as unfavorable prognostic factors for overall survival and recurrence-free survival, respectively.
Most octogenarians with an indication for surgery can tolerate pulmonary surgery. However, owing to the limitations of this retrospective, single-center study, future studies involving multiple-institutions are required to confirm our findings.
Most octogenarians with an indication for surgery can tolerate pulmonary surgery. However, owing to the limitations of this retrospective, single-center study, future studies involving multiple-institutions are required to confirm our findings.
Advanced age and obesity are reported to increase the risk of opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD). Oliceridine, an intravenous opioid, is a G-protein-biased agonist at the µ-opioid receptor that may provide improved safety. The recent phase 3 ATHENA open-label, multicenter study evaluated postoperative use of oliceridine in patients with moderate-to-severe acute pain. This exploratory analysis of the ATHENA data examined the incidence of OIRD in older (≥ 65years) and/or obese (BMI ≥ 30kg/m
) patients and analyzed risk factors of OIRD.
Patients aged ≥ 18years with a score ≥ 4 on an 11-point numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) received IV oliceridine as needed via bolus dosing and/or patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). learn more OIRD occurring within 48h of last dose of oliceridine was defined using two established definitions (1) naloxone use, (2) respiratory rate < 10 breaths per minute and/or oxygen saturation < 90%.
A total of 724 surgical patients with a mean age of 54.5 ± 15.9years and a mean NRSf OIRD.
Measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO
) by PET with oxygen-15 labeled gases is useful for diagnosis and treatment planning in cases of chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease. In the present study, CBF, CBV, OEF and CMRO
were measured using the integrated design of PET/MRI scanner system. This is a first attempt to measure cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism using PET/MRI with oxygen-15 labeled gases.
PET/MRI measurements with the steady-state method of oxygen-15 labeled gases, carbon monoxide (C
O), oxygen (
O
), and carbon dioxide (C
O
) were performed on nine healthy men. Two kinds of attenuation correction for PET were performed using MRI with Dixon sequence (DIXON) and Dixon sequence with model-based bone segmentation (DIXONbone). A real-time motion correction of PET images was also performed using simultaneously measured MR images to detect head motion.
Mean and SD values of CBF, CBV, OEF, and CMRO
in the cerebral cortices with attenuation correction by DIXON were 31 ± 4mL/100mL/min, 2.
