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The role of human rhinovirus/enterovirus (HRV/HEV) in severe lower respiratory tract infections remains unclear. We characterized the respiratory status of children admitted to a large academic pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) who tested positive for only HRV/HEV. One hundred and fifty-five children met inclusion criteria with 62% requiring positive pressure respiratory support of 5 cm of water pressure or more within the first 24 hours of admission. Among them, 34% had SaO 2 to FiO 2 ratios of 264 or less with 22 patients (14%) meeting criteria for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. HRV/HEV is associated with significant respiratory disease in children admitted to the PICU. © Thieme Medical Publishers.The loss-of-function mutations in the ALPL result in hypophosphatasia (HPP), an inborn metabolic disorder that causes skeletal mineralization defects. In adults, the main clinical features are early loss of primary or secondary teeth, osteoporosis, bone pain, chondrocalcinosis, and fractures. However, guidelines for the treatment of adults with HPP are not available. Here, we show that ALPL deficiency caused a reduction in intracellular Ca2+ influx, resulting in an osteoporotic phenotype due to downregulated osteogenic differentiation and upregulated adipogenic differentiation in both human and mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Increasing the intracellular level of calcium in BMSCs by ionomycin treatment rescued the osteoporotic phenotype in alpl +/- mice and BMSC-specific (Prrx1-alpl -/-) conditional alpl knockout mice. Mechanistically, ALPL was found to be required for the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ influx, which it achieves by regulating L-type Ca2+ channel trafficking via binding to the α2δ subunits to regulate the internalization of the L-type Ca2+ channel. Decreased Ca2+ flux inactivates the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, which regulates lineage differentiation of BMSCs. This study identifies a previously unknown role of the ectoenzyme ALPL in the maintenance of calcium channel trafficking to regulate stem cell lineage differentiation and bone homeostasis. Accelerating Ca2+ flux through L-type Ca2+ channels by ionomycin treatment may be a promising therapeutic approach for adult patients with HPP. © The Author(s) 2020.Drought periods are predicted to increase in the future, putting the production of sensitive crops under serious hazards. Soybean, as a legume, is capable of partly achieving its nitrogen demands through the N2-fixation process; however, this process is inhibited by drought stress conditions. Moreover, N2-fixation might not fulfill the total N demand for soybean plants, so supplemental N-fertilizer doses might be crucial. A 3-year experiment was carried out in Debrecen, Hungary, to investigate the effects of inoculation and N-fertilizer application on the physiomorphology of soybean (cv. Boglár) under both drought stress and irrigated conditions. Results showed that, regardless of inoculation, drought negatively affected plant height, LAI, SPAD, and, to a smaller extent, NDVI. On average, increasing N-fertilizer enhanced these traits accordingly. Inoculation, on the other hand, resulted in taller plants and higher LAI values, but lower SPAD values. It could be concluded that soybean's physiomorphology is negatively influenced by drought stress and that N-fertilizer application can enhance it whether soybean plants suffer from drought stress conditions or not. Copyright © 2020 Oqba Basal and András Szabó.Objective To identify the correlation between the Baccetti method of SM (skeletal maturation) and the stages of DC (dental calcification) using the Demirjian method in the Orthodontics Service of the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) in Lima-Peru. Materials and Methods. The sample was obtained from panoramic and lateral radiographs of 200 subjects (116 women and 84 men) with ages between 9 and 17 years. Canine, premolar, and molar teeth calcification was evaluated using the Demirjian method while SM was evaluated by the cervical vertebrae with the Baccetti method. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the maturation of these cervical vertebrae and DC. read more Results There is a high correlation between the Baccetti method of maturation of the cervical vertebrae and the stages of DC ranging from r = 0.635 to 0.774 for men and from r = 0.677 to 0.784 for women (p less then 0.001), the second lower molar being the one with the highest correlation (r = 0.774 in men) and the second lower premolar (r = 0.784 in women). Conclusions Stages of DC could be used as a reliable indicator of SM. Copyright © 2020 César Mauricio-Vilchez et al.A method, quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS), was established and fully verified based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of six chromone indicators of Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR). In the present study, cimifugin (C), 5-O-methylvisamminol (V), hamaudol (H), and their corresponding glycosides, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (GC), 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (GV), and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol (GH), were selected as bioactive constituents and indicators for the quality evaluation of SR. GV was chosen as the unique reference standard, and relative correction factors (RCF) between GV and the other five chromones were calculated. The feasibility of QAMS for the analysis of chromones was investigated by comparing with the traditional external standard method (ESM). Furthermore, the method was proven to have accuracy (96.98%-102.50%), repeatability (RSD less then 3%), stability (RSD less then 3%), precision (RSD less then 3%), and desirable linearity (R 2 ≧0.9999). Subsequently, 55 batches of commercial SR from different regions were determined by QAMS, and their contents were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), respectively. Based on the results, a more refined quality standard of commercial SR was proposed SR was qualified when the total contents of six chromones were greater than 3 mg·g-1. Furthermore, SR could initially be regarded as a superior medicine when it satisfied both conditions at the same time the total content of GC, C, GV, V, GH, and H was greater than 8 mg·g-1, and the proportion of the total content of C, V, and H was greater than 10%. This study demonstrated that the quality of SR could be successfully evaluated by the developed QAMS method; meanwhile, valuable information was provided for improving the quality standard of SR. Copyright © 2020 Jinhua Zhang et al.