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5 %) (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI [0.68, 1.60], p = 0.85). The perforation rates of EMR and ESD were 1.8 % and 2.4 %, respectively, which displayed a significant difference (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI [0.32, 0.97], p = 0.04). Nevertheless, the recurrence rate of EMR was significantly higher than that of ESD (15.9 % vs 0.5 %) (OR = 23.06, 95 % CI [11.11, 47.85], p < 0.00001).

endoscopic resection of LSTs is safe and effective. As compared with EMR, ESD has higher en-bloc and complete resection rates but a lower recurrence rate. Therefore, ESD is highly recommended for the treatment of LSTs.

endoscopic resection of LSTs is safe and effective. As compared with EMR, ESD has higher en-bloc and complete resection rates but a lower recurrence rate. Therefore, ESD is highly recommended for the treatment of LSTs.

the Rutgeerts score is used to assess post-surgical recurrence of Crohn's disease (CD). The score initially consisted of four grades, with a subsequent sub-classification of grade 2, under which ulcers confined to the anastomosis (i2a) are considered to be of a probable ischemic origin. The aim of this study was to assess whether ulcers confined to the anastomosis appear at the same frequency in patients undergoing surgery for other causes and can therefore be attributed to post-surgical changes.

this was a retrospective cohort study with patients who had undergone colonoscopy as per clinical practice between 2017 and 2018. There were two cohorts, one cohort of patients to assess the post-surgical recurrence of CD and another cohort for follow-up after colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with ileocolonic anastomosis.

a total of 185 patients were included; 33 % had undergone surgery for CD and 67 % had undergone surgery for CRC. Fifty-six percent of patients were male. Of the patients in the group with ulcers confined to the anastomosis, 75 % had CD and 25 % had been operated on for CRC; the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). In turn, of the patients operated on for CRC, 95 % had no anastomotic lesions compared to 18 % of patients with CD. These differences reached statistical significance (p < 0.0001).

In our experience, the occurrence of ulcers on the ileocolonic anastomosis is uncommon in patients that have undergone surgery for CRC, in comparison to patients operated on due to CD. It is possible that these alterations in CD cannot therefore be attributed to solely ischemic or post-surgical phenomena.

In our experience, the occurrence of ulcers on the ileocolonic anastomosis is uncommon in patients that have undergone surgery for CRC, in comparison to patients operated on due to CD. It is possible that these alterations in CD cannot therefore be attributed to solely ischemic or post-surgical phenomena.The v/v1/2 scan rate diagnosis in electrochemical energy storage devices is based on application of the relationship i = k1v + k2v1/2 (where k1 and k2 are two constants independent of the scan rate v) to the variation of the cyclic voltammetric responses with v. Several examples show that application of this scan rate diagnosis procedure leads to absurd results because the procedure is inappropriate under these conditions. It follows that the best approach is to simply forget about this v/v1/2 scan rate diagnosis, concentrate on the maximum number of experimental observations of the scan rate dependency, and build models able to reproduce these data in each case.Zhang and co-workers ( J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2020, 11, 1100-1105) have recently reported results of experiments involving irradiation of argon clusters doped with bromofluorene chromophores by nanosecond-long pulses of 532 nm laser light. Multiply charged ions of atomic argon (Arn+, 1 ≤ n ≤ 7) and carbon (Cn+, 1 ≤ n ≤ 4) are observed, which are sought to be rationalized using an evaporation model. The distinguishing facet of exploding clusters being progenitors of energetic ions and electrons constitutes the key driver for contemporary research in laser-cluster interactions; it is, therefore, important to point out inconsistencies that are intrinsic to the model of Zhang and co-workers. In light of similar reports already in the literature, we show that their model is of limited utility in describing the dynamics that govern how fast, multiply charged atomic ions result from laser irradiation of gas-phase clusters. We posit that it is plasma behavior that underpins cluster heating and cluster explosion dynamics.We reply to the Viewpoint by Vatsa and Mathur on our publication reporting the observation of multiply charged atomic ions from argon clusters doped with aromatic chromophores in a moderate nanosecond laser field. Vatsa and Mathur raised three concerns about the proposed explanation and offered additional ideas for the reported process. We agree with some of their concerns and welcome the addition of information, and we also clarify a few misunderstandings of our intention, perhaps caused by our implicit assumption of contextual relations. While the experimental results are indisputable, the interpretation is still a topic of debate, subject to further experimental investigations and theoretical modeling.We investigate the structure and rheological properties of dilute colloid-polymer mixtures at rest and under shear via molecular simulations that take into account hydrodynamic interactions. Mixtures of amphiphilic Janus colloids (JCs) and hydrophobic/amphiphilic polymers are considered for various solvent qualities and polymer concentrations. Free polymers, small polymer droplets, and hybrid aggregates coexist in mixtures with slightly hydrophobic homopolymers. As the solvent quality worsens, all polymers aggregate into small droplets, covered and stabilized by the JCs. In mixtures with amphiphilic polymers, we observe the coexistence of free polymers, purely polymeric micelles, and hybrid aggregates. At low shear rates, all mixtures exhibit a Newtonian-like response with intrinsic shear viscosities that are up to 2 times as large as of pure suspensions of nonadsorbing colloids at the same concentration. Furthermore, the mean aggregation number increases slightly due to the flow-enhanced collision of aggregates. #link# At larger shear rates, however, the aggregates break up, the polymers align in the flow direction, and the mixtures exhibit shear-thinning. This shear-induced breakup occurs at stronger shear compared to pure JC suspensions, indicating that the adsorbed polymers reinforce the hybrid aggregates.Effective high-capacity data management necessitates the use of ultrafast fiber lasers with mode-locking-based femtosecond pulse generation. We suggest a simple but highly efficient structure of a graphene saturable absorber in the form of a graphene/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/graphene capacitor and demonstrate the generation of ultrashort pulses by passive mode-locking in a fiber ring laser cavity, with simultaneous electrical switching (on/off) of the mode-locking operation. The voltage applied to the capacitor shifts the Fermi level of the graphene layers, thereby controlling their nonlinear light absorption, which is directly correlated with mode-locking. The flexible PMMA layer used for graphene transfer also acts as a dielectric layer to realize a very simple but effective capacitor structure. By employing the graphene capacitor on the polished surface of a D-shaped fiber, we demonstrate the switching of the mode-locking operation reversibly from the femtosecond pulse regime to a continuous wave regime of the ring laser with an extinction ratio of 70.4 dB.Despite the availability and dedicated studies on a variety of carbon nanostructures, amorphous carbon is still a preferred support for a wide range of commercially available metal catalysts. link2 In order to shed some light on this, we carried out electroless deposition of metal nanoparticles on various carbon nanostructures such as amorphous carbon (a-C), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nitrogen-doped CNTs (NCNTs) under similar experimental conditions. link3 The main objective is to elucidate the preferable deposition on a particular carbon nanostructure, if any, and understand the underlying mechanism. Experimental results unveil preferred electroless deposition of metal nanoparticles on a-C over CNTs and NCNTs. Notably, the deposition is nicely correlated with the position of the Fermi level (EF) with respect to the Mn+ ↔ M0 redox level (E0). Remarkably, EF is found to be in the following order NCNT > CNT > a-C and the smaller gap (E0-EF) favors the faster electron transfer, resulting in the preferential reduction of Mn+, yielding finer nanoparticles on a-C. We believe that this approach can pave the way for designing noble metal-based carbon nanocomposites for a variety of applications, ranging from environmental redemption to electrochemical energy harvesting. As case studies, we have explored the nanocomposites for various catalytic activities and found them to be very competent with recently reported various state-of-the-art electrocatalysts and their commercial counterparts.A discovery-based lipid profiling study of serum samples from a cohort that included patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) stages I, II, III, and IV (n = 112) and controls (n = 52) was performed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and machine learning techniques. Multivariate models based on support vector machines and the LASSO variable selection method yielded two discriminant lipid panels for ccRCC detection and early diagnosis. A 16-lipid panel allowed discriminating ccRCC patients from controls with 95.7% accuracy in a training set under cross-validation and 77.1% accuracy in an independent test set. ARS-853 ic50 trained to discriminate early (I and II) from late (III and IV) stage ccRCC yielded a panel of 26 compounds that classified stage I patients from an independent test set with 82.1% accuracy. Thirteen species, including cholic acid, undecylenic acid, lauric acid, LPC(160/00), and PC(182/182), identified with level 1 exhibited significantly lower levels in samples from ccRCC patients compared to controls. Moreover, 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one 3-sulfate, cis-5-dodecenoic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-13-docosenoic acid, PI(160/181), PC(160/182), and PC(O-160/204) contributed to discriminate early from late ccRCC stage patients. The results are auspicious for early ccRCC diagnosis after validation of the panels in larger and different cohorts.Facet-engineered monoclinic scheelite BiVO4 particles decorated with various cocatalysts were successfully synthesized by selective sunlight photodeposition of metal or metal oxy(hydroxide) nanoparticles onto the facets of truncated bipyramidal BiVO4 monoclinic crystals coexposing 010 and 110 facets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and scanning Auger microscopy revealed that metallic silver (Ag) and cobalt (oxy)hydroxide (CoO x (OH) y ) particles were selectively deposited onto the 010 and 110 facets, respectively, regardless of the cocatalyst amount. By contrast, the nickel (oxy)hydroxide (NiO x (OH) y ) photodeposition depends on the nickel precursor amount with an unprecedented selectivity for 0.1 wt % NiO x (OH) y /BiVO4 with a preferential deposition onto the 010 facets and the edges between the 110 facets. Moreover, these noble metal-free heterostructures led to remarkable photocatalytic properties for rhodamine B photodecomposition and sacrificial water oxidation reactions.