Parkbroch4932

Of the 250 participants, 58% identified as Hispanic and 20% as black or African American. The rate of major depressive episode by 12 months postpartum was 7.0% (95% CI 2.3-11.7%) in the control group and 7.6% (95% CI 2.5-12.7%) in the intervention group, with no significant difference between groups at any time point (P=.88 by log-rank test).

No benefit was shown between the intervention and control groups in the rates of major depressive episode, which is likely related to a lower than predicted rate of this outcome in the control group (7.6% actual vs 25% predicted). Enhanced local community resources available to pregnant and parenting adolescents during the study period may be an explanation for this result.

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01482832.

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01482832.

To estimate whether the frequency of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes differs between low-risk nulliparous and multiparous women at 39-41 weeks of gestation.

This is a secondary analysis of an observational obstetrics cohort of maternal-neonatal dyads at 25 hospitals. Low-risk women with nonanomalous singletons who delivered between 39 0/7 and 41 6/7 weeks of gestation were included. The composite neonatal adverse outcome included 5-minute Apgar score less than five, ventilator support or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, seizure, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, necrotizing enterocolitis, birth injury or perinatal death. The composite maternal adverse outcome included infection, third- or fourth-degree perineal laceration, thromboembolism, transfusion of blood products, or maternal death. Small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), and shoulder dystocia requiring maneuvers were also evaluated. Multivariable re SGA among low-risk nulliparous women at 39-41 weeks of gestation is significantly higher than among multiparous counterparts. However, nulliparous women had a lower risk of shoulder dystocia with maneuvers and LGA.

To explore the role of reproductive travel (travel to another state or country for reproductive services) for intended parents at the time of delivery of gestational carrier pregnancies and to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics of those who build families through gestational surrogacy.

We conducted a cross-sectional study of births involving gestational surrogacy in Utah from 2009 to 2018. Data were obtained from birth certificates. State and country of residence were collected for intended parents, and the legal climates of these locations were assessed by reviewing laws at the time. Sociodemographic characteristics were compared among intended parents, parents with pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technology (ART) without gestational surrogacy, and parents with spontaneous pregnancies.

A total of 361 gestational carrier pregnancies resulted in the birth of at least one liveborn neonate during the study period, involving 715 intended parents. ALK inhibitor cancer Additionally, 50,434 parents delivs. However, most intended parents live in places that do not have laws banning surrogacy, suggesting that there may be other reasons that intended parents travel for delivery.

A majority of intended parents live outside of Utah, which may be an important consideration for health care professionals caring for women with gestational carrier pregnancies. However, most intended parents live in places that do not have laws banning surrogacy, suggesting that there may be other reasons that intended parents travel for delivery.

To evaluate the effects of elagolix on clinically meaningful improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measured by the EHP-30 (Endometriosis Health Profile-30).

Data from two phase III trials of elagolix for moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis were pooled and analyzed as three groups placebo, elagolix 150 mg once daily, or elagolix 200 mg twice daily. Patients were administered the EHP-30 questionnaire at baseline, and at months 1, 3, and 6 of treatment. Previously established responder definitions were applied to determine percentages of patients with clinically meaningful EHP-30 improvements. The probability of meeting EHP-30 responder definitions with elagolix compared with placebo at months 3 and 6 was determined by Poisson regression analysis, controlling for baseline scores.

At month 6, the probabilities of meeting EHP-30 subscale responder definitions for pain, control and powerlessness, self-image, social support, emotional well-being, and sexual intercourse were 1experienced clinically meaningful HRQOL improvements.

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01620528 and NCT01931670.

AbbVie Inc.

AbbVie Inc.

Close to 2 million individuals globally become infected with HIV-1 each year and just over two-thirds will have access to life-prolonging antivirals. However, the rapid development of drug resistance creates challenges, such that generation of more effective therapies is not only warranted but a necessary endeavour. This review discusses a group of HIV-1 entry inhibitors known as CD4 mimics which exploit the highly conserved relationship between the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein and the receptor, CD4.

We review the structure/function guided evolution of these inhibitors, vital mechanistic insights that underpin broad and potent functional antagonism, recent evidence of utility demonstrated in animal and physiologically relevant in-vitro models, and current progress towards effective new-generation inhibitors.

The current review highlights the promising potential of CD4 mimetics as multifunctional therapeutics.

The current review highlights the promising potential of CD4 mimetics as multifunctional therapeutics.

Simian--human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs), chimeric viruses that encode HIV-1 Env within an SIV backbone, are key reagents for nonhuman primate studies of antibody-based vaccines, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), and other Env-targeting reagents. Here, we discuss the provenance and characteristics of currently relevant SHIVs, novel technical advances, recent discoveries enabled by SHIV challenge studies, and the continued development of SHIVs for persistence and cure experiments.

SHIV SF162P3, SHIV AD8EO, and transmitter/founder SHIVs with Env375 mutations are now common reagents in nonhuman primate studies, with increased use and validation establishing their properties and potential applications. Genetic barcoding of SIV and SHIV, which allows tracing of individual lineages and elucidation of viral kinetics from transmission through latency has expanded the experimental capacity of SHIV models. SHIV challenge studies have determined the neutralizing antibody titers that correlate with protection for passive and active immunization and enabled complementary human and nonhuman primate studies of vaccine development.