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1%). The most common used method of alternative medicine was honey healing. More than half of the study participants had heard about the CAM from their family and friends. Nearly 45.7% had stated that the CAM cannot be used without consulting a medical professional. Nearly 3/4

population used it for treating up to 3 ailments.

Use of alternative medicine was found to be prevalent in Riyadh. Family and friends were recognized as gatekeepers for propagating information about CAM usage in the society. Primary healthcare physicians need to be trained on prevalent practices of CAM to understand the societal needs.

Use of alternative medicine was found to be prevalent in Riyadh. Family and friends were recognized as gatekeepers for propagating information about CAM usage in the society. Primary healthcare physicians need to be trained on prevalent practices of CAM to understand the societal needs.

HIV continues to be a major global public health issue. Links between sex work and HIV vulnerability have been recognized since the earliest days of the epidemic. Targeted Interventions (TIs) are aimed at offering prevention and care services to high risk populations within communities. Present research is an endeavor to grasp the different aspects indigenous to NGOs implementing TI projects.

To understand the perspectives of NGOs implementing TIs projects for prevention of HIV/AIDS in Female Sex Workers.

A cross sectional qualitative study.

Six NGOs registered with District AIDS Control Society, working for implementation of TIs projects for FSWs in a Metropolitan City were studied. Statistical Analysis Data was analysed with SPSS version 20.

Rapid turnover of ORWs is major constraint faced by project managers in recruitment of ORWs. In PEs' recruitment, availability of candidates is major constraint. Stigma related to STI clinic and interference of key stakeholders are the major barriers preventing service utilization by FSWs. Client's dislike for using condom is one of the major barriers in condom utilization by FSWs.

The realistic problems, constraints experienced by the programme managers became evident during the study. Integration of programs into the existing system and interventions should be tailor-made to local needs. Here lies the opportunity of 'Operational Research' for the institute like NACO to have the practical insights from TI projects.

The realistic problems, constraints experienced by the programme managers became evident during the study. Integration of programs into the existing system and interventions should be tailor-made to local needs. Here lies the opportunity of 'Operational Research' for the institute like NACO to have the practical insights from TI projects.

Interpersonal violence is a socially traumatic and unpleasant phenomenon. These violence-related injuries are sometimes irreparable and can become a permanent problem, Violence in Iran is one of the five most socially harmed and has increased dramatically in recent years, therefore the present research aimed to investigate epidemiological study of injuries caused by violence and conflict in forensic medical records of selected cities of Sistan and Baluchistan province in 2020 considering this subject must be one of our priorities.

This study was a descriptive study performed in forensic medicine centers of two cities in Sistan and Baluchistan province, Iran. The population consisted of existing citations and records, sample size based on similar studies and the recommendation of professors, all available records were considered and census method was used to select the samples. The data gathering tool consisted of two sections demographic information and violence and conflict. Content validity method and rding, as well as increasing awareness of the impact of violence and conflict on individuals and their injuries.

Folic acid (FA) supplementation is an important intervention to avoid nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy and later on will have an effect on mother and fetus. Inadequate dietary intake will lead to nutritional deficiency which further requires to depend on supplementation. FA is one of the vital nutrients which is mandatory for improving pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have documented the pregnant women who know about supplementation of FA but not consuming during pregnancy will lead to complications in their neonates. This study aimed to inspect the knowledge and awareness about supplementation of FA in Saudi pregnant women and to compare present study results with other prior studies carried out in the Saudi population.

In this study, we have opted 406 Saudi pregnant women with the age range of 18-65 years of age through questionnaire-based research, was further assessed for FA supplementation usage during the pregnancy. Involved pregnant women have filled questionnaire and signed the consens to improve the awareness about maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Nutritional counselling should be conducted in remote areas to get a perception in Saudi Arabia.

Assessment of risk factors and clinical profile for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs) with severe and very severe pneumonia in children <5 years age is obligatory.

To study the clinical profile, risk factors, and clinical outcomes associated with ALRIs in children aged 2-60 months.

In total, 130 children of either gender, diagnosed with ALRIs, admitted in a tertiary care hospital were enrolled. Demographic data and clinical history was collected. learn more Clinical profile data such as respiratory and heart rate, oxygen supplementation, ventilator use, and lab investigation such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, total leucocyte count, differential leucocytes count, and blood culture were analyzed and noted.

The study findings demonstrated male gender predominance for ALRIs with 1.31 male to female ratio. Around 16% of them had pneumonia, 61% had severe pneumonia, and 23% had very severe pneumonia. The birth weight of child, maternal and paternal literacy, socioeconomic status, overcrowding at home, immunization status of children, type of kitchen and fuel used for cooking, malnutrition, anemia, and need for oxygen supplementation were found to be associated with the occurrence of ALRIs (

< 0.05). Most of the presented symptoms were cough (100%), breathlessness (96.92%), and fever (92.31%). Bronchiolitis (63%), bronchopneumonia (27%), and lobar pneumonia (25%) were the major clinical outcomes.

The study identified various sociodemographic, environmental, and nutritional risk factors for ALRIs along with the clinical profile, which can be managed by effective peripheral health personnel's training and persuasive community health education.

The study identified various sociodemographic, environmental, and nutritional risk factors for ALRIs along with the clinical profile, which can be managed by effective peripheral health personnel's training and persuasive community health education.